上节谈到源码截屏需要调用类PhoneWindowManager中接口函数takeScreenshot(),下面我们主要分析一下截屏操作是如何实现的:
frameworks/base/policy/src/com/android/internal/policy/impl/PhoneWindowManager.java
private void takeScreenshot() {
synchronized (mScreenshotLock) {
ComponentName cn = new ComponentName("com.android.systemui",
"com.android.systemui.screenshot.TakeScreenshotService");
Intent intent = new Intent();
intent.setComponent(cn);
ServiceConnection conn = new ServiceConnection() {
@Override
public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
synchronized (mScreenshotLock) {
Messenger messenger = new Messenger(service);
Message msg = Message.obtain(null, 1);
final ServiceConnection myConn = this;
msg.replyTo = new Messenger(h);
msg.arg1 = msg.arg2 = 0;
if (mStatusBar != null && mStatusBar.isVisibleLw())
msg.arg1 = 1;
if (mNavigationBar != null && mNavigationBar.isVisibleLw())
msg.arg2 = 1;
messenger.send(msg);
}
}
};
if (mContext.bindService(
intent, conn, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE, UserHandle.USER_CURRENT)) {
mScreenshotConnection = conn;
mHandler.postDelayed(mScreenshotTimeout, 10000);
}
}
}
首先通过ComponentName获悉,需要绑定的服务是TakeScreenshotService,Message.obtain(null, 1)可知msg.what设为1;当mStatusBar(状态栏)和mNavigationBar(导航条)不为空,而且isVisibleLw为true时,msg.arg1和msg.arg2分别为1。最后通过bindService启动服务TakeScreenshotService。
第二步,进入TakeScreenshotService服务
frameworks/base/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/TakeScreenshotService.java
public class TakeScreenshotService extends Service {
private static GlobalScreenshot mScreenshot;
private Handler mHandler = new Handler() {
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
switch (msg.what) {
case 1:
final Messenger callback = msg.replyTo;
if (mScreenshot == null) {
mScreenshot = new GlobalScreenshot(TakeScreenshotService.this);
}
mScreenshot.takeScreenshot(new Runnable() {
@Override public void run() {
Message reply = Message.obtain(null, 1);
try {
callback.send(reply);
} catch (RemoteException e) {
}
}
}, msg.arg1 > 0, msg.arg2 > 0);
}
}
};
}
根据第一步的分析获悉,msg.what应该是1,由mHandler对消息进行处理,假如第一次启动服务TakeScreenshotService,则对象mScreenshot为空,则需要创建一个GlobalScreenshot的对象,通过调用对象mScreenshot中函数takeScreenshot实现截屏功能。
第三步,进入类GlobalScreenshot
frameworks/base/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/screenshot/ GlobalScreenshot.java
在介绍GlobalScreenshot之前,我们先了解一下类SaveImageInBackgroundData,该类的实现如下,
class SaveImageInBackgroundData {
Context context;
Bitmap image;
Uri imageUri;
Runnable finisher;
int iconSize;
int result;
}
其中,image用来保存截屏;imageUri保存截屏存放路径;finisher处理截屏的一个线程;iconSize截屏占用空间,result截屏结果,0表示截屏成功,1表示截屏失败。
public GlobalScreenshot(Context context) {
/ Setup the window that we are going to use
mWindowLayoutParams = new WindowManager.LayoutParams(
ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, 0, 0, WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_SECURE_SYSTEM_OVERLAY, WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN | WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_HARDWARE_ACCELERATED
| WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_LAYOUT_IN_SCREEN
| WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_SHOW_WHEN_LOCKED,
PixelFormat.TRANSLUCENT);
mWindowManager = (WindowManager) context.getSystemService(Context.WINDOW_SERVICE);
mNotificationManager =
(NotificationManager) context.getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
// Get the various target sizes
mNotificationIconSize =
r.getDimensionPixelSize(android.R.dimen.notification_large_icon_height);
// Scale has to account for both sides of the bg
mBgPadding = (float) r.getDimensionPixelSize(R.dimen.global_screenshot_bg_padding);
mBgPaddingScale = mBgPadding / mDisplayMetrics.widthPixels;
// Setup the Camera shutter sound mCameraSound = new MediaActionSound(); mCameraSound.load(MediaActionSound.SHUTTER_CLICK);
}
首先通过构造函数GlobalScreenshot(Context context)创建一个对象,mWindowLayoutParams为窗口布局设置参数;mNotificationManager启动通知栏服务;mNotificationIconSize通知栏图标大小设置;mBgPadding截屏边框背景样式;mBgPaddingScale边框宽度;mCameraSound截屏声音设置。
void takeScreenshot(Runnable finisher, boolean statusBarVisible, boolean navBarVisible) {
// We need to orient the screenshot correctly (and the Surface api seems to take screenshots
// only in the natural orientation of the device :!)
mDisplay.getRealMetrics(mDisplayMetrics);
float[] dims = {mDisplayMetrics.widthPixels, mDisplayMetrics.heightPixels};
float degrees = getDegreesForRotation(mDisplay.getRotation());
boolean requiresRotation = (degrees > 0);
if (requiresRotation) {
// Get the dimensions of the device in its native orientation
mDisplayMatrix.reset();
mDisplayMatrix.preRotate(-degrees);
mDisplayMatrix.mapPoints(dims);
dims[0] = Math.abs(dims[0]);
dims[1] = Math.abs(dims[1]);
}
// Take the screenshot
mScreenBitmap = Surface.screenshot((int) dims[0], (int) dims[1]);
if (requiresRotation) {
// Rotate the screenshot to the current orientation
Bitmap ss = Bitmap.createBitmap(mDisplayMetrics.widthPixels,
mDisplayMetrics.heightPixels, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);
Canvas c = new Canvas(ss);
c.translate(ss.getWidth() / 2, ss.getHeight() / 2);
c.rotate(degrees);
c.translate(-dims[0] / 2, -dims[1] / 2);
c.drawBitmap(mScreenBitmap, 0, 0, null);
c.setBitmap(null);
mScreenBitmap = ss;
}
// Optimizations
mScreenBitmap.setHasAlpha(false);
mScreenBitmap.prepareToDraw();
// Start the post-screenshot animation
startAnimation(finisher, mDisplayMetrics.widthPixels, mDisplayMetrics.heightPixels,
statusBarVisible, navBarVisible);
}
数组dims表示屏幕显示长宽像素数;degree表示屏幕自动旋转度数;如果屏幕自动旋转,则需要进行调整,通过Surface.screenshot((int) dims[0], (int) dims[1])将屏幕截屏,并暂时保存在变量mScreenBitmap中,紧接着调用 startAnimation,startAnimation函数主要实现两个功能:第一,实现截屏的动画效果;第二,将所获取截屏保存在指定的路径下。
第四步,下面继续分析startAnimation函数
private void startAnimation(final Runnable finisher, int w, int h, boolean statusBarVisible,
boolean navBarVisible) {
// Add the view for the animation
mScreenshotView.setImageBitmap(mScreenBitmap);
mScreenshotLayout.requestFocus();
// Setup the animation with the screenshot just taken
if (mScreenshotAnimation != null) {
mScreenshotAnimation.end();
}
mWindowManager.addView(mScreenshotLayout, mWindowLayoutParams);
ValueAnimator screenshotDropInAnim = createScreenshotDropInAnimation();
ValueAnimator screenshotFadeOutAnim = createScreenshotDropOutAnimation(w, h,
statusBarVisible, navBarVisible);
mScreenshotAnimation = new AnimatorSet();
mScreenshotAnimation.playSequentially(screenshotDropInAnim, screenshotFadeOutAnim);
mScreenshotAnimation.addListener(new AnimatorListenerAdapter() {
@Override
public void onAnimationEnd(Animator animation) {
// Save the screenshot once we have a bit of time now
saveScreenshotInWorkerThread(finisher);
mWindowManager.removeView(mScreenshotLayout);
}
});
mScreenshotLayout.post(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
mCameraSound.play(MediaActionSound.SHUTTER_CLICK);
mScreenshotView.setLayerType(View.LAYER_TYPE_HARDWARE, null);
mScreenshotView.buildLayer();
mScreenshotAnimation.start();
}
});
}
函数createScreenshotDropInAnimation和createScreenshotDropOutAnimation分别表示截屏动画进入和退出。具体实现就不再分析,随后创建了AnimatorSet对象mScreenshotAnimation,该对象增加一个接口进行监听,主要实现截屏保存等操作。由mScreenshotLayout发送消息启动该操作,进入函数saveScreenshotInWorkerThread中。
private void saveScreenshotInWorkerThread(Runnable finisher) {
SaveImageInBackgroundData data = new SaveImageInBackgroundData();
data.context = mContext;
data.image = mScreenBitmap;
data.iconSize = mNotificationIconSize;
data.finisher = finisher;
new SaveImageInBackgroundTask(mContext, data, mNotificationManager,
SCREENSHOT_NOTIFICATION_ID).execute(data);
}
在函数saveScreenshotInWorkerThread中,首先创建一个SaveImageInBackgroundData对象,我们之前已经介绍过,为该对象中的变量进行赋值,并调用SaveImageInBackgroundTask构造函数。
frameworks/base/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/screenshot/ GlobalScreenshot.java
SaveImageInBackgroundTask类与GlobalScreenshot在同一个java文件下
class SaveImageInBackgroundTask extends AsyncTask<SaveImageInBackgroundData, Void,
SaveImageInBackgroundData> {
SaveImageInBackgroundTask(Context context, SaveImageInBackgroundData data,
NotificationManager nManager, int nId) {
Resources r = context.getResources();
// Prepare all the output metadata
mImageTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
String imageDate = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd-HH-mm-ss").format(new Date(mImageTime));
String imageDir = Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(
Environment.DIRECTORY_PICTURES).getAbsolutePath();
mImageFileName = String.format(SCREENSHOT_FILE_NAME_TEMPLATE, imageDate);
mImageFilePath = String.format(SCREENSHOT_FILE_PATH_TEMPLATE, imageDir,
SCREENSHOTS_DIR_NAME, mImageFileName);
// Create the large notification icon
int imageWidth = data.image.getWidth();
int imageHeight = data.image.getHeight();
int iconSize = data.iconSize;
final int shortSide = imageWidth < imageHeight ? imageWidth : imageHeight;
Bitmap preview = Bitmap.createBitmap(shortSide, shortSide, data.image.getConfig());
Canvas c = new Canvas(preview);
Paint paint = new Paint();
ColorMatrix desat = new ColorMatrix();
desat.setSaturation(0.25f);
paint.setColorFilter(new ColorMatrixColorFilter(desat));
Matrix matrix = new Matrix();
matrix.postTranslate((shortSide - imageWidth) / 2,
(shortSide - imageHeight) / 2);
c.drawBitmap(data.image, matrix, paint);
c.drawColor(0x40FFFFFF);
Bitmap croppedIcon = Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(preview, iconSize, iconSize, true);
// Show the intermediate notification
mTickerAddSpace = !mTickerAddSpace;
mNotificationId = nId;
mNotificationManager = nManager;
mNotificationBuilder = new Notification.Builder(context)
.setTicker(r.getString(R.string.screenshot_saving_ticker)
+ (mTickerAddSpace ? " " : ""))
.setContentTitle(r.getString(R.string.screenshot_saving_title))
.setContentText(r.getString(R.string.screenshot_saving_text))
.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.stat_notify_image)
.setWhen(System.currentTimeMillis());
mNotificationStyle = new Notification.BigPictureStyle()
.bigPicture(preview);
mNotificationBuilder.setStyle(mNotificationStyle);
Notification n = mNotificationBuilder.build();
n.flags |= Notification.FLAG_NO_CLEAR;
mNotificationManager.notify(nId, n);
mNotificationBuilder.setLargeIcon(croppedIcon);
mNotificationStyle.bigLargeIcon(null);
}
imageDate截屏文件名称;imageDir 截屏文件保存路径;shortSide手机屏幕宽度;preview创建长宽都为shortSide的Bitmap对象;mNotificationBuilder通知栏通知信息设置;
protected SaveImageInBackgroundData doInBackground(SaveImageInBackgroundData... params) {
if (params.length != 1) return null;
// By default, AsyncTask sets the worker thread to have background thread priority, so bump
// it back up so that we save a little quicker.
Process.setThreadPriority(Process.THREAD_PRIORITY_FOREGROUND);
Context context = params[0].context;
Bitmap image = params[0].image;
Resources r = context.getResources();
try {
// Save the screenshot to the MediaStore
ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
ContentResolver resolver = context.getContentResolver();
values.put(MediaStore.Images.ImageColumns.DATA, mImageFilePath);
values.put(MediaStore.Images.ImageColumns.TITLE, mImageFileName);
values.put(MediaStore.Images.ImageColumns.DISPLAY_NAME, mImageFileName);
values.put(MediaStore.Images.ImageColumns.DATE_TAKEN, mImageTime);
values.put(MediaStore.Images.ImageColumns.DATE_ADDED, mImageTime);
values.put(MediaStore.Images.ImageColumns.DATE_MODIFIED, mImageTime);
values.put(MediaStore.Images.ImageColumns.MIME_TYPE, "image/png");
/// M: FOR ALPS00266037 & ALPS00289039 pic taken by phone shown wrong on cumputer. @{
values.put(MediaStore.Images.ImageColumns.WIDTH, image.getWidth());
values.put(MediaStore.Images.ImageColumns.HEIGHT, image.getHeight());
/// M: FOR ALPS00266037 & ALPS00289039. @}
Uri uri = resolver.insert(MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, values);
OutputStream out = resolver.openOutputStream(uri);
image.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG, 100, out);
out.flush();
out.close();
// update file size in the database
values.clear();
params[0].imageUri = uri;
params[0].result = 0;
} catch (Exception e) {
// IOException/UnsupportedOperationException may be thrown if external storage is not
// mounted
params[0].result = 1;
}
return params[0];
}
由于保存文件需要耗时,故该操作在doInBackground函数中进行,即在后台运行。设置该线程的优先级为THREAD_PRIORITY_FOREGROUND,创建values变量,由ContentResolver调用insert将该截屏文件加入到media数据库中,以方便在图库中进行查找;将截屏文件所保存路径/大小/截屏结果等信息保存在params[0]中,并返回给界面进行处理,如果截屏图片出错,则params[0].result = 1;
截屏函数takeScreenshot分析到此结束了,其中与底层进行交互的位于第三步Surface.screenshot((int) dims[0], (int) dims[1])。Framework层的Surface.java提供一个native方法,实际实现在JNI处的android_view_Surface.cpp中的nativeScreenshot(...)方法。
该函数主要功能包括以下几个:
第一,启动TakeScreenshotService服务
第二,创建GlobalScreenshot对象,由该对象进行手机截屏操作。
第三,将所获取的截屏加入到media数据库中,以方便图库中查找。