C# 数组转Bitmap

一、目标

        相机捕获的图像信息通常以数组的形式传输到计算机内存中，而且其大小与相机的分辨率相对应，这就会造成其数组非常大，上千万甚至上亿。而我们需要将这些数组转成Bitmap来显示或者做一些处理。那么如何用C#语言来快速高效对其进行转换？

二、使用PinnedObject类

       这个类的作用：

                1、保持对目标对象的引用并将其固定在内存中，确保其在内存中的位置不被垃圾回收器改变。

                2、并使用AddrOfPinnedObject()方法获取当前固定对象的地址。

using System;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;

namespace AIPRO.VisionStudio.Toolkit._3D.LJD.Common
{
    public sealed class PinnedObject : IDisposable
    {
        #region Field

        private GCHandle _handle;      // Garbage collector handle

        #endregion

        #region Property

        /// <summary>
        /// Get the address.
        /// </summary>
        public IntPtr Pointer
        {
            // Get the leading address of the current object that is pinned.
            get { return _handle.AddrOfPinnedObject(); }
        }

        #endregion

        #region Constructor

        /// <summary>
        /// Constructor
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="target">Target to protect from the garbage collector</param>
        public PinnedObject(object target)
        {
            // Pin the target to protect it from the garbage collector.
            _handle = GCHandle.Alloc(target, GCHandleType.Pinned);
        }

        #endregion

        #region Interface
        /// <summary>
        /// Interface
        /// </summary>
        public void Dispose()
        {
            _handle.Free();
            _handle = new GCHandle();
        }

        #endregion
    }
}

三、使用PinnedObject做转换

3.1、Byte[]转8位灰度图

public static Bitmap ConvertByteArrayToBitmap(byte[] grayData, int width, int height)
{
    // 参数验证
    if (grayData == null)
    {
        throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(grayData), "Input byte array cannot be null.");
    }
    if (width <= 0 || height <= 0)
    {
        throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("Width and height must be positive integers.");
    }
    if (grayData.Length != width * height)
    {
        throw new ArgumentException("The length of the byte array does not match the specified width and height.");
    }

    using (PinnedObject pin = new PinnedObject(grayData))
    {
        try
        {
            return new Bitmap(width, height, width, PixelFormat.Format8bppIndexed, pin.Pointer);
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            // 处理 Bitmap 创建时的异常
            throw new InvalidOperationException("Failed to create bitmap from byte array.", ex);
        }
    }
}

3.2、ushot[]转16位彩色图

public static Bitmap ConvertUShortArrayToBitmap(ushort[] heightData, int width, int height)
{
    // 参数验证
    if (heightData == null)
    {
        throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(heightData), "Input byte array cannot be null.");
    }
    if (width <= 0 || height <= 0)
    {
        throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("Width and height must be positive integers.");
    }
    if (heightData.Length != width * height)
    {
        throw new ArgumentException("The length of the byte array does not match the specified width and height.");
    }

    using (PinnedObject pin = new PinnedObject(heightData))
    {
        try
        {
            return new Bitmap(width, height, width * 2, PixelFormat.Format16bppArgb1555, pin.Pointer);
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            // 处理 Bitmap 创建时的异常
            throw new InvalidOperationException("Failed to create bitmap from byte array.", ex);
        }
    }
}