AsyncTask实例

最近刚刚接触AsyncTask，了解了执行一个异步任务类的基本过程，然后自己动手做了一个后台下载MP3，前台显示进度的小测试，作为对知识的一次巩固，代码如下:

新建工程MyAsyncTask，其目录结构如下：

然后修改/res/layout/main.xml，代码如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical" >

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="@string/async" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/download"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="@string/download" />F

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="@string/progress" />

    <ProgressBar
        android:id="@+id/pb"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
         android:style="?android:attr/progressBarStyleHorizontal" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/play"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="@string/play"
        android:visibility="invisible" />

</LinearLayout>

然后我们来看以下MyAsyncTaskActivity.java文件，代码如下：

package zjut.tsw;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLConnection;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.graphics.Color;
import android.media.MediaPlayer;
import android.os.AsyncTask;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ProgressBar;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class MyAsyncTaskActivity extends Activity {

	private static final String TAG = "MyAsyncTask";

	private Button button, playbutton; // download button
	private TextView tv; // show current progress
	private ProgressBar pb;

	private URLConnection conn;
	private InputStream is;
	private OutputStream os;

	private MediaPlayer mediaPlayer;

	DownTask dTask;

	private int fileLength; // record file length

	private static final String path = "http://zhangmenshiting2.baidu.com/data2/music/1660059/1660059.mp3?xcode=eb6c7cdd460a6dc8d7cc566215bc9331&mid=0.30489911336903";

	/* change path value to your favourite music URL */

	@Override
	public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.main);

		tv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv);
		button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.download);
		playbutton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.play);
		pb = (ProgressBar) findViewById(R.id.pb);
		pb.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE); // set invisible

		mediaPlayer = new MediaPlayer();
		mediaPlayer.setLooping(false); // no looping
		// register listener
		button.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {

			public void onClick(View v) {

				dTask = new DownTask();
				dTask.execute(path); // a task can be executed only once

				button.setEnabled(false);

			}
		});
		playbutton.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {

			public void onClick(View v) {

				try {
					if (mediaPlayer.isPlaying()) {
						mediaPlayer.pause();
					} else {
						mediaPlayer.start();
					}

				} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				} catch (IllegalStateException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}

			}
		});
	}

	class DownTask extends AsyncTask<String, Integer, String> {
		// first parameter relates to execute method's parameter
		// second parameter relates to doInBackground method's parameter
		// third parameter relates to onProgressUpdate method's parameter

		@Override
		protected void onPreExecute() {
			// UI thread
			fileLength = 0;
			pb.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
			super.onPreExecute();
		}

		// after executing onPreExecute method,immediately execute
		// doInBackground method
		@Override
		protected String doInBackground(String... params) {
			// non-UI thread
			// this method is abstract, it must be override!!
			// it can't operate UI thread
			// normally here put some time-assuming codes

			/* download music resource from Internet */
			try {

				URL url = new URL(params[0]); // this parameter comes from
												// execute method
				conn = url.openConnection(); // create connection

				File file = createDirFile(); // create directory and file in SD
												// card
				if (file == null) {
					Log.e(TAG, "file is null");
				}
				is = conn.getInputStream();

				int downedFileLength = 0;

				fileLength = conn.getContentLength(); // get total file length

				os = new FileOutputStream(file);

				byte[] buffer = new byte[1024 * 4]; // cache byte array 4MB

				int num = 0;
				num = is.read(buffer);
				while (num != -1) {

					downedFileLength += num;
					os.write(buffer, 0, num);
					os.flush();
					pb.setProgress(Math
							.round(((downedFileLength + 0.0f) / fileLength) * 100));
					publishProgress(downedFileLength); // this will call
														// onProgressUpdate
														// method
					num = is.read(buffer);

				}

			} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
				Log.e(TAG, e.getMessage());
			} catch (IOException e) {
				Log.e("IO", e.getMessage());
			} finally {
				try {
					if (is != null) {
						is.close();
						is = null;
					}
					if (os != null) {
						os.close();
						os = null;
					}
				} catch (IOException e) {
					Log.i(TAG, e.getMessage());
				}
			}
			String size = String.valueOf((fileLength + 0.0f) / (1024 * 1024));
			return "Download Completed! Total size:"
					+ size.substring(0, size.indexOf(".") + 2) + "MB";
		}

		@Override
		protected void onProgressUpdate(Integer... progress) {
			// UI thread
			tv.setText(Math.round(((progress[0] + 0.0f) / fileLength) * 100)
					+ "%");
			super.onProgressUpdate(progress);
		}

		@Override
		protected void onPostExecute(String result) {
			// UI thread
			// After doInBackground method done,transfer its return value to
			// this method
			// result 是doInBackground的返回值
			pb.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
			tv.setTextColor(Color.RED);
			tv.setText(result);
			playbutton.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
			try {
				mediaPlayer.setDataSource("/sdcard/DownFile/music.mp3");
				mediaPlayer.prepare();
			} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			} catch (IllegalStateException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			} catch (IOException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			super.onPostExecute(result);

		}

	}

	public File createDirFile() {
		String savePAth = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()
				+ "/DownFile";

		File file1 = new File(savePAth);

		if (!file1.exists()) {

			file1.mkdir(); // create directory

		}

		String savePathString = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()
				+ "/DownFile/" + "music.mp3"; /*
											 * change extension according to
											 * your music type(.wma .mp3)
											 */

		File file = new File(savePathString);

		if (!file.exists()) {

			try {

				file.createNewFile();

			} catch (IOException e) {

				return null;

			}

		}
		return file;
	}
}

最后，别忘了在AndroidManifest.xml中添加必要的权限 ：

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" ></uses-permission>

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" ></uses-permission>

大功告成。