scala-第六章-模式匹配

目录

基本数据类型模式匹配
Array模式匹配
List模式匹配
Scala异常处理
case class模式匹配
Some&None模式匹配

Java：对一个值进行条件判断，返回针对不同的条件进行不同的处理
Scala：
    变量 match{
        case value1 => 代码1
        case value2 => 代码2
        ...
        case _ => 代码N                
    }

最基本的模式匹配

package com.imooc.scala.course06

import scala.util.Random

object MatchApp extends App {
  val names = Array("Akiho Yoshizawa", "YuiHatano", "Aoi Sola")
  val name = names(Random.nextInt(names.length))

  name match {
    case "Akiho Yoshizawa" => println("吉老师")
    case "YuiHatano" => println("波老师")
    case _ => println("知不知道你们在说什么")
  }

  def judgeGrade(grade: String): Unit = {
    grade match {
      case "A" => println("666")
      case "B" => println("很好")
      case "C" => println("继续加油")
      case _ => println("你要努力学习")
    }
  }

  judgeGrade("A")
  judgeGrade("C")
  judgeGrade("D")
}

双重过滤

package com.imooc.scala.course06

import scala.util.Random

object MatchApp extends App {
  def judgeGrade(name: String, grade: String): Unit = {
    grade match {
      case "A" => println("666")
      case "B" => println("很好")
      case "C" => println("继续加油")
      case _ if (name == "list") => println(name + "你要努力学习")
      case _ => println("你要努力学习")
    }
  }

  judgeGrade("zhangsan", "D")
  judgeGrade("list", "A")
  judgeGrade("list", "D") //双重过滤
}

Array模式匹配

package com.imooc.scala.course06

import scala.util.Random

object MatchApp extends App {
  def greeting(array: Array[String]): Unit = {
    array match {
      case Array("zhangsan") => println("HI zhangsan")
      case Array(x, y) => println("HI " + x + " " + y)
      case Array("zhangsan", _*) => println("HI zhangsan and other friends...")
      case _ => println("HI everybody...")
    }
  }

  greeting(Array("zhangsan"))
  greeting(Array("list", "wangwu"))
  greeting(Array("zhangsan", "list", "wangwu"))
  greeting(Array("list", "wangwu", "lubenwei"))
}

List模式匹配

package com.imooc.scala.course06

import scala.util.Random

object MatchApp extends App {

  def greeting(list: List[String]): Unit = {
    list match {
      case "zhangsan" :: Nil => println("HI zhangsan")
      case x :: y :: Nil => println("HI " + x + " " + y)
      case "zhangsan" :: tail => println("HI zhangsan and other friends...")
      case _ => println("HI everybody...")
    }
  }
  greeting(List("zhangsan","lisi"))
  greeting(List("lubenwei","zhangsan","lisi"))

}

判断类型

package com.imooc.scala.course06

import scala.util.Random

object MatchApp extends App {
  def matchType(obj: Any): Unit = {
    obj match {
      case x: Int => println("Int")
      case s: String => println("String")
      case m: Map[_, _] => m.foreach(println)
      case _ => println("other type")
    }
  }

  matchType(1) //Int
  matchType("1") //String
  matchType(1l) //other typ
  matchType(1f) //other typ
  matchType(Map("name" -> "PK")) //(name,PK)


}

Scala异常处理

package com.imooc.scala.course06

object ExceptionApp extends App {


  try {
    val i = 10 / 0
    println(i)
  } catch {
    case e: ArithmeticException => println("除数不能为0")
    case e: Exception => println(e.getMessage)
  } finally {
    // 释放资源，一定能执行
  }

  // IO 当操作文件时一定要关闭
  val file = "test.txt"
  try {
    // open file
  } catch {
    case e: ArithmeticException => println("除数不能为0")
    case e: Exception => println(e.getMessage)
  } finally {
    // 释放资源，一定能执行:close file
  }

}

case class模式匹配

package com.imooc.scala.course06

object ExceptionApp extends App {

  def caseclassMath(person: Person): Unit ={
    person match {
      case CTO(name, floot) => println("CTO name is"+name+" floot is"+floot)
      case Employee(name, floot) =>println("CTO Employee is"+name+" floot is"+floot)
      case _ =>println("other")
    }
  }

  class Person

  case class CTO(name: String, floot: String) extends Person

  case class Employee(name: String, floot: String) extends Person

  case class Other(name: String) extends Person

  caseclassMath(CTO("PK","22"))
  caseclassMath(Employee("zhangsan","2"))
  caseclassMath(Other("other"))
}