广播

1.广播分2种：
标准广播：完全异步，所有接收器同时收到，效率高，无法被截断

有序广播：同步执行，同一时刻只有高级别的先接收 后再传递，可被截断

2.动态注册广播 监听网络变化

2.1创建内部类 NetWorkChangeReceive 

2.2registerReceiver 注册需要监听的广播

2.3记得取消注册unregisterReceiver

2.4AndroidManifest中添加permission 权限

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity
{
    private IntentFilter intentFilter;

    private NetWorkChangeReceive netWorkChangeReceive;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
    {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        intentFilter = new IntentFilter();
        // 网络发生变化系统发出的广播 “android.net.com.CONNECTIVITY_CHANGE”
        intentFilter.addAction("android.net.com.CONNECTIVITY_CHANGE");
        netWorkChangeReceive = new NetWorkChangeReceive();
        registerReceiver(netWorkChangeReceive, intentFilter);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy()
    {
        super.onDestroy();
        // 取消注册
        unregisterReceiver(netWorkChangeReceive);
    }

    // 内部类 继承boradcastReceiver
    public class NetWorkChangeReceive extends BroadcastReceiver
    {
        // 当网络发生变化时候执行
        @Override
        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent)
        {   // connectivityManager 系统服务类
            ConnectivityManager manager = (ConnectivityManager) getSystemService(context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);
            NetworkInfo info = manager.getActiveNetworkInfo();
            if (info != null && info.isAvailable())  // 判断当前是否有网
            {

            }
        }
    }

<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
          package="com.example.a123.newstext">

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE"/>

3. 静态注册

New--other --创建一个BroadcastReceiver

Expored:是否允许广播接收器接收本程序以外的广播

Enabled：是否启用此广播

public class BootCompleteReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver
{

    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent)
    {

    }
}

androidManifest 中注册这个receiver及permission权限

<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
          package="com.example.a123.newstext">
    // 网络权限
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE"/>
    //  开机广播
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_BOOT_COMPLETED"/>

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
        <activity android:name=".MainActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN"/>

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER"/>
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
        <activity android:name=".NewsContentActivity"/>

        <receiver
            android:name=".BootCompleteReceiver"
            android:enabled="true"
            android:exported="true">
            // 开机广播
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.BOOT_COMPLETED"/>
            </intent-filter>
        </receiver>
    </application>

</manifest>

4. 发送自定义广播 标准

在androidManifest中 添加receiver

通过sendBroadcast 发送广播值

并可使用intent携带数据

        <receiver
            android:name=".MyReceiver"
            android:enabled="true"
            android:exported="true">
            // 自定义广播接收器匹配name
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="com.example.a123.newstext.MY_RECEIVER"/>
            </intent-filter>
        </receiver>

    Intent intent = new Intent("com.example.a123.newstext.MY_RECEIVER");
        sendBroadcast(intent);

5.发送有序广播

使用sendOrderedBroadcast

第二个参数是与权限相关的字符串

        Intent intent = new Intent("com.example.a123.newstext.MY_RECEIVER");
        sendOrderedBroadcast(intent,null);

通过androidManifest中 设定priority 设置广播接收器的优先等级

        <receiver
        android:name=".MyReceiver"
        android:enabled="true"
        android:exported="true">
        // 自定义广播接收器匹配name
        <intent-filter android:priority="100">
            <action android:name="com.example.a123.newstext.MY_RECEIVER"/>
        </intent-filter>
    </receiver>

使用aborBroadcast 终止广播继续传递

public class MyReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver
{

    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent)
    {
        // 终止继续传递
        abortBroadcast();
    }
}

6. 发送本地广播 只能在自身应用内传递

使用LoaclBroadcastManager管理

有点：发送的广播只在本程序内，不会导致数据泄露，其它程序不会将广播发送进来，避免安全漏洞，高效

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity
{
    private IntentFilter intentFilter;

    private LocalReceive localReceive;

    //  LocalBroadcastManager 对广播进行管理
    private LocalBroadcastManager localBroadcastManager;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
    {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        // 获取实例
        localBroadcastManager = LocalBroadcastManager.getInstance(this);
        Intent intent = new Intent("com.example.a123.newstext.LOCAL_RECEIVER");
        // 发送
        localBroadcastManager.sendBroadcast(intent);

        intentFilter = new IntentFilter();
        intentFilter.addAction("com.example.a123.newstext.LOCAL_RECEIVER");
        localReceive = new LocalReceive();
        // 注册广播接收器
        localBroadcastManager.registerReceiver(localReceive,intentFilter);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy()
    {
        super.onDestroy();
        // 取消注册
        localBroadcastManager.unregisterReceiver(localReceive);
    }

    public class LocalReceive extends BroadcastReceiver
    {
        @Override
        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent)
        {

        }
    }
}