python命令行操作

os. popen ( command [,  mode [,  bufsize ] ] )

Open a pipe to or from command. The return value is an open file object connected to the pipe, which can be read or written depending on whether mode is 'r' (default) or 'w'. The bufsize argument has the same meaning as the corresponding argument to the built-in open() function. The exit status of the command (encoded in the format specified for wait()) is available as the return value of the close() method of the file object, except that when the exit status is zero (termination without errors), None is returned.

以上是python官方文档的内容，同时官方给出说明这个函数在2.6以后的版本就不用了

subprocess.call(args, *, stdin=None, stdout=None, stderr=None, shell=False)

Run the command described by args. Wait for command to complete, then return the returncode attribute.

The arguments shown above are merely the most common ones, described below in Frequently Used Arguments (hence the slightly odd notation in the abbreviated signature). The full function signature is the same as that of the Popenconstructor - this functions passes all supplied arguments directly through to that interface.

Examples:

>>>

>>> subprocess.call(["ls", "-l"])
0

>>> subprocess.call("exit 1", shell=True)
1

subprocess. check_output ( args,  *,  stdin=None,  stderr=None,  shell=False,  universal_newlines=False )

Run command with arguments and return its output as a byte string.

If the return code was non-zero it raises a CalledProcessError. The CalledProcessError object will have the return code in the returncode attribute and any output in the output attribute.

The arguments shown above are merely the most common ones, described below in Frequently Used Arguments (hence the slightly odd notation in the abbreviated signature). The full function signature is largely the same as that of thePopen constructor, except that stdout is not permitted as it is used internally. All other supplied arguments are passed directly through to the Popen constructor.

Examples:

>>>

>>> subprocess.check_output(["echo", "Hello World!"])
'Hello World!\n'

>>> subprocess.check_output("exit 1", shell=True)
Traceback (most recent call last):
   ...
subprocess.CalledProcessError: Command 'exit 1' returned non-zero exit status 1

To also capture standard error in the result, use stderr=subprocess.STDOUT:

>>>

>>> subprocess.check_output(
...     "ls non_existent_file; exit 0",
...     stderr=subprocess.STDOUT,
...     shell=True)
'ls: non_existent_file: No such file or directory\n'