一、定义
Work Thread模式和Thread-Per-Message模式类似,Thread-Per-Message每次都创建一个新的线程处理请求,而Work Thread模式预先会创建一个线程池(Thread Pool),每次从线程池中取出线程处理请求。
二、模式案例
Request请求类:
public class Request {
private final String name;
private final int number;
private static final Random random = new Random();
public Request(String name, int number) {
this.name = name;
this.number = number;
}
public void execute(){
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+" executes " + this);
try {
Thread.sleep(random.nextInt(1000));
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Request{" +
"name='" + name + '\'' +
", number=" + number +
'}';
}
}
Client线程类:
用来送出请求:
- 创建Request实例
- 将这个实例传送给Channel类的putRequest方法
public class ClientThread extends Thread {
private final Channel channel;
private static final Random random = new Random();
public ClientThread(String name,Channel channel) {
super(name);
this.channel = channel;
}
@Override
public void run() {
for(int i=0;true;i++){
Request request = new Request(getName(),i);
channel.putRequest(request);
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
worker线程类:
WorkerThread类表示工人线程,工人线程可以执行以下动作:
- 从Channel实例取出Request实例
- 调用Request实例的execute方法
public class WorkerThread extends Thread {
private final Channel channel;
public WorkerThread(String name,Channel channel) {
super(name);
this.channel = channel;
}
@Override
public void run() {
while(true){
Request request = channel.takeRequest();
request.execute();
}
}
}
Channel类
//Channel类用来接受、传送工作请求,并保存工人线程
public class Channel {
private static final int MAX_REQUEST = 100; //最大请求数
private final Request[] requestQueue; //请求队列
private int tail;
private int head;
private int count;
private final WorkerThread[] threadPool;
public Channel(int threads) {
this.requestQueue = new Request[MAX_REQUEST];
this.head = 0;
this.tail = 0;
this.count = 0;
threadPool = new WorkerThread[threads];
for(int i=0;i<threadPool.length;i++){
threadPool[i] = new WorkerThread("Worker-"+i,this);
}
}
public void startWokers(){
for(int i=0;i<threadPool.length;i++){
threadPool[i].start();
}
}
public synchronized void putRequest(Request request) {
while(count>=requestQueue.length){
try {
wait();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
requestQueue[tail] = request;
tail = (tail+1)%requestQueue.length;
count++;
notifyAll();
}
public synchronized Request takeRequest() {
while(count<=0){
try {
wait();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
Request request = requestQueue[head];
head = (head+1)%requestQueue.length;
count--;
notifyAll();
return request;
}
}
执行
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Channel channel = new Channel(5);
channel.startWokers();
new ClientThread("Alice",channel).start();
new ClientThread("Bobby",channel).start();
new ClientThread("Chris",channel).start();
}
}
结果
三、模式讲解
Work Thread模式的角色如下:
- Client(委托人)
Client会创建请求(Request),然后传送给Channel。
- Channel(通道)
Channel保存Request请求队列,同时会预先创建Worker线程。
- Worker(工人)
Worker会从Channel获取Request。
- Request(请求)
注:启动线程是一项繁重的工作,Worker Thread模式预先创建一批线程,可以重复使用线程,达到资源再利用、提高性能的目的。