C语言 链表实现学生管理系统（含文件读写操作）

主程序：

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS//跳过安全警告
#include "nodes.h"

int main() {
	C* class0 = Clacreat();// 新建班级
	while(1){
		menu();//菜单
		func(class0);//功能选择
		system("pause");//暂停
		system("cls"); //清屏
	}
	return 0;
}

具体功能实现：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#define Maxnum 50//班级最大容量

typedef struct Student {//学生信息
	char name[20];
	int num;
	int age;
	int math;
	int english;
	int physics;
	int sumsco;
}S;

typedef struct Class {//班级信息
	S studat;
	struct Class* next;
}C;

/*
menu
func
creat:0
add:1
delect:2
search:3
update:4
fwrite
fread
*/

void menu() {
	printf("                                         \n");
	printf("     **************系统菜单**************\n");
	printf("     * 0.增加学生信息 * * 1.删除学生信息*\n");
	printf("     *                * *               *\n");
	printf("     *--------------- * * --------------*\n");
	printf("     *                * *               *\n");
	printf("     * 2.查询学生信息 * * 3.修改学生信息*\n");
	printf("     *                * *               *\n");
	printf("     *--------------- * * --------------*\n");
	printf("     *                * *               *\n");
	printf("     * 4.浏览学生信息 * * 5.按照学号排序*\n");
	printf("     *                * *               *\n");
	printf("     *--------------- * * --------------*\n");
	printf("     *                * *               *\n");
	printf("     * 6.写入文件     * * 7.读取文件    *\n");
	printf("     *                * *               *\n");
	printf("     *--------------- * * --------------*\n");
	printf("     *                * *               *\n");
	printf("     * 8.退出系统     * *               *\n");
	printf("     ************************************\n");
}

struct Class* Clacreat() {//创建班级体
	C* newClass = (C*)malloc(sizeof(C));
	newClass->next = NULL;
	return newClass;
}

struct Class* Claadd(S stu) {//增加班级学生
	C* newStudent = (C*)malloc(sizeof(C));
	newStudent->studat = stu;
	newStudent->next = NULL;
	return newStudent;
}

struct Student stuadd() {//创建学生信息
	S newStudent;
	printf("请输入学生姓名：");
	scanf("%s", newStudent.name);
	printf("请输入学生学号：");
	scanf("%d", &(newStudent.num));
	printf("请输入学生年龄：");
	scanf("%d", &newStudent.age);
	printf("请输入学生数学成绩：");
	scanf("%d",&newStudent.math);
	printf("请输入学生英语成绩：");
	scanf("%d",&newStudent.english);
	printf("请输入学生物理成绩：");
	scanf("%d",&newStudent.physics);
	newStudent.sumsco = newStudent.math + newStudent.english + newStudent.physics;

	return newStudent;
}

void delstu(C* class0,int tem) {//删去
	if (class0->next == NULL) {
		printf("班级为空！\n");
		return;
	}
	C* p = class0;
	while (p->next != NULL && (p->next->studat.num != tem)) {
		p = p->next;
	}
	if (p->next == NULL) {
		printf("该班级无此学生！\n");
		return;
	}
	p->next = p->next->next;
}

void searstu(C* class0, int tem) {//查找
	if (class0->next == NULL) {
		printf("班级为空！\n");
		return;
	}
	C* p = class0;
	while (p->next != NULL && (p->next->studat.num!=tem)) {
		p = p->next;
	}
	if (p->next == NULL) {
		printf("该班级无此学生！\n");
		return;
	}
	p = p->next;
	printf("姓名\t学号\t年龄\t\t数学成绩\t英语成绩\t物理成绩\t总成绩\n");
	printf("%s\t%d\t%d\t\t%d\t\t%d\t\t%d\t\t%d\n", p->studat.name, p->studat.num, p->studat.age, (p->studat.math), (p->studat.english), (p->studat.physics), (p->studat.sumsco));
}

void updstu(C* class0, int tem) {//更新
	if (class0->next == NULL) {
		printf("班级为空！\n");
		return;
	}
	C* p = class0;
	while (p->next != NULL && (p->next->studat.num != tem)) {
		p = p->next;
	}
	if (p->next == NULL) {
		printf("该班级无此学生！\n");
		return;
	}
	p = p->next;
	printf("请输入学生姓名：");
	scanf("%s", p->studat.name);
	printf("请输入学生学号：");
	scanf("%d", &(p->studat.num));
	printf("请输入学生年龄：");
	scanf("%d", &p->studat.age);
	printf("请输入学生数学成绩：");
	scanf("%d", &p->studat.math);
	printf("请输入学生英语成绩：");
	scanf("%d", &p->studat.english);
	printf("请输入学生物理成绩：");
	scanf("%d", &p->studat.physics);
	p->studat.sumsco = p->studat.math + p->studat.english + p->studat.physics;
}

void allOut(C* class0) {//输出整个链表
	if (class0->next == NULL) {
		printf("班级为空！\n");
		return;
	}
	C* p = class0->next;
	printf("姓名\t学号\t年龄\t\t数学成绩\t英语成绩\t物理成绩\t总成绩\n");
	do {
		printf("%s\t%d\t%d\t\t%d\t\t%d\t\t%d\t\t%d\n",p->studat.name,p->studat.num,p->studat.age, p->studat.math, p->studat.english, p->studat.physics, p->studat.sumsco);
		p = p->next;
	} while (p!=NULL);
}

void allSort(C* class0) {//按照学号排序
	if (class0->next == NULL) {
		printf("班级为空！\n");
		return;
	}
	for (int i = 0; i < Maxnum; i++) {
		C* pc = class0->next;
		S tem;
		while (pc->next != NULL) {
			if ((pc->studat.num) > (pc->next->studat.num)) {
				tem = pc->studat;
				pc->studat = pc->next->studat;
				pc->next->studat = tem;
			}
			pc = pc->next;
		}
	}
}

void writeFile(C* class0, char* filename) {
	if (class0->next == NULL) {
		printf("班级为空！\n");
		return;
	}
	FILE *fp;
	C* tem = class0;
	allSort(tem);
	C* p = tem->next;
	fp = fopen(filename,"w");
	fprintf(fp, "姓名\t学号\t年龄\t数学成绩\t英语成绩\t物理成绩\t总成绩\n");//为文件添加表头
	while (p != NULL) {
		fprintf(fp, "%s\t%d\t%d\t%d\t%d\t%d\t%d\n", p->studat.name, p->studat.num, p->studat.age, p->studat.math, p->studat.english, p->studat.physics, p->studat.sumsco);
		p = p->next;
	}
	fclose(fp);
}

void readFile(C* class0, char* filename) {
	FILE* fp;
	fp = fopen(filename, "r");
	if (fp==NULL) {
		printf("文件不存在！");
		return;
	}
//struct Class* Claadd(S stu)
	C* last = class0;
	fseek(fp,sizeof("姓名\t学号\t年龄\t数学成绩\t英语成绩\t物理成绩\t总成绩\n"), SEEK_SET);//读取文件时跳过第一行的表头
	while (1) {
		S studat;
		if (fscanf(fp, "%s\t%d\t%d\t%d\t%d\t%d\t%d\n", studat.name, &studat.num, &studat.age, &studat.math, &studat.english, &studat.physics, &studat.sumsco) != EOF) {
			C* p = Claadd(studat);
			last->next = p;
			last = p;
		}
		else {
			break;
		}
	}
	allSort(class0);
	fclose(fp);
}

void func(C* class0) {
	int Func;
	printf("\n     功能选择：");
	scanf_s("%d", &Func);
	printf("\n");
	switch (Func) {
	case 0: {
		C* claS = Claadd(stuadd());
		claS->next = class0->next;
		class0->next = claS;
		printf("\nadd success！\n");
		break; }
	case 1: {
		int tem;
		printf("请输入需要删除的学生学号：");
		scanf("%d",&tem);
		delstu(class0, tem);
		printf("\ndelect success！\n");
		break; }
	case 2: {
		int tem;
		printf("请输入需要查找的学生学号：");
		scanf("%d", &tem);
		searstu(class0, tem);
		printf("\nsearch success！\n");
		break; }
	case 3: {
		int tem;
		printf("请输入需要修改的学生的学号：");
		scanf("%d", &tem);
		updstu(class0, tem);
		printf("\nupdate success！\n");
		break; }
	case 4: {
		allOut(class0);
		printf("\nout success！\n");
		break; }
	case 5: {
		allSort(class0);
		printf("\nresort success！\n");
		break; }
	case 6: {
		char filename[20];
		printf("输入文件名称：");
		scanf("%s", filename);
		writeFile(class0,filename);
		printf("\nsave success！\n");
		break; }
	case 7: {
		char filename[20];
		printf("输入文件名称：");
		scanf("%s", filename);
		readFile(class0, filename);
		printf("\nread success！\n");
		break;}
	case 8: {
		printf("\nexit success！\n");
		exit(1); }
	default: {printf("\n无此项功能！\n"); }
	}
}