AudioQueue 播放和录音

1.播放： （ 声明：转载自http://www.cnblogs.com/xuanyuanchen/）

最近在做iphone上的流媒体播放，需要用到播放音频流，参考了好多博客、网站，最终算是把这个比较难弄的问题解决了。

这篇文章是播放音频文件的，我会专门用一篇文章来介绍如何用AudioQueue来播放raw pcm data，相信这是大多数ios开发同胞需要的吧。

在此分享出来，希望能帮助到真正需要的人，毕竟一个人的力量是有限的，还是要共同学习、共同进步。

使用AudioQueue来实现音频播放功能时最主要的步骤，可以更简练的归纳如下。

1. 打开播放音频文件

2. 取得播放音频文件的数据格式

3. 准备播放用的队列

4. 将缓冲中的数据移动到队列中

5. 开始播放

6. 在回调函数中进行队列处理

1.playAudio.h

声明了一个Objective-C类

//
//  playAudio.h
//  ffmpegPlayAudio
//
//  Created by infomedia  xuanyuanchen on 12-3-26.
//  Copyright (c) 2012年 xuanyuanchen. All rights reserved.
//


#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>

#import <AudioToolbox/AudioToolbox.h>

#import <AudioToolbox/AudioFile.h>

#define NUM_BUFFERS 3



@interface playAudio : NSObject{

    //播放音频文件ID
    AudioFileID audioFile;

    //音频流描述对象
    AudioStreamBasicDescription dataFormat;

    //音频队列
    AudioQueueRef queue;

    SInt64 packetIndex;

    UInt32 numPacketsToRead;

    UInt32 bufferByteSize;

    AudioStreamPacketDescription *packetDescs;

    AudioQueueBufferRef buffers[NUM_BUFFERS];

}



//定义队列为实例属性
@property AudioQueueRef queue;

//播放方法定义
-(id)initWithAudio:(NSString *) path;

//定义缓存数据读取方法
-(void) audioQueueOutputWithQueue:(AudioQueueRef)audioQueue

                      queueBuffer:(AudioQueueBufferRef)audioQueueBuffer;

-(UInt32)readPacketsIntoBuffer:(AudioQueueBufferRef)buffer;

//定义回调(Callback)函数
static void BufferCallack(void *inUserData,AudioQueueRef inAQ,

                          AudioQueueBufferRef buffer);



@end

2.playAudio.m

playAudio的实现

//
//  playAudio.m
//  ffmpegPlayAudio
//
//  Created by infomedia  infomedia on 12-3-26.
//  Copyright (c) 2012年 infomedia. All rights reserved.
//


#import "playAudio.h"

//实际测试中发现，这个gBufferSizeBytes=0x10000;对于压缩的音频格式(mp3/aac等)没有任何问题，但是如果输入的音频文件格式是wav，会出现只播放几秒便暂停的现象；而手机又不可能去申请更大的内存去处理wav文件，不知到大家能有什么好的方法给点建议

static UInt32 gBufferSizeBytes=0x10000;//It muse be pow(2,x)

@implementation playAudio



@synthesize queue;



//回调函数(Callback)的实现
static void BufferCallback(void *inUserData,AudioQueueRef inAQ,

                           AudioQueueBufferRef buffer){

    playAudio* player=(__bridge playAudio*)inUserData;

    [player audioQueueOutputWithQueue:inAQ queueBuffer:buffer];

}





//缓存数据读取方法的实现
-(void) audioQueueOutputWithQueue:(AudioQueueRef)audioQueue queueBuffer:(AudioQueueBufferRef)audioQueueBuffer{

    OSStatus status;

    

    //读取包数据
    UInt32 numBytes;

    UInt32 numPackets=numPacketsToRead;

    status = AudioFileReadPackets(audioFile, NO, &numBytes, packetDescs, packetIndex,&numPackets, audioQueueBuffer->mAudioData);

    

    //成功读取时
    if (numPackets>0) {

        //将缓冲的容量设置为与读取的音频数据一样大小(确保内存空间)
        audioQueueBuffer->mAudioDataByteSize=numBytes;

        //完成给队列配置缓存的处理
        status = AudioQueueEnqueueBuffer(audioQueue, audioQueueBuffer, numPackets, packetDescs);

        //移动包的位置
        packetIndex += numPackets;

    }

}



//音频播放的初始化、实现

//在ViewController中声明一个PlayAudio对象，并用下面的方法来初始化

//self.audio=[[playAudioalloc]initWithAudio:@"/Users/xuanyuanchen/audio/daolang.mp3"];

-(id) initWithAudio:(NSString *)path{

    if (!(self=[super init])) return nil;

    UInt32 size,maxPacketSize;

    char *cookie;

    int i;

    OSStatus status;

    

    //打开音频文件
    status=AudioFileOpenURL((CFURLRef)[NSURL fileURLWithPath:path], kAudioFileReadPermission, 0, &audioFile);

    if (status != noErr) {

        //错误处理
        NSLog(@"*** Error *** PlayAudio - play:Path: could not open audio file. Path given was: %@", path);

        return nil;

    }

    

    for (int i=0; i<NUM_BUFFERS; i++) {

        AudioQueueEnqueueBuffer(queue, buffers[i], 0, nil);

    }

    

    //取得音频数据格式
    size = sizeof(dataFormat);

    AudioFileGetProperty(audioFile, kAudioFilePropertyDataFormat, &size, &dataFormat);

    

    //创建播放用的音频队列
    AudioQueueNewOutput(&dataFormat, BufferCallback, self,

                        nil, nil, 0, &queue);

    //计算单位时间包含的包数
    if (dataFormat.mBytesPerPacket==0 || dataFormat.mFramesPerPacket==0) {

        size=sizeof(maxPacketSize);

        AudioFileGetProperty(audioFile, kAudioFilePropertyPacketSizeUpperBound, &size, &maxPacketSize);

        if (maxPacketSize > gBufferSizeBytes) {

            maxPacketSize= gBufferSizeBytes;

        }

        //算出单位时间内含有的包数
        numPacketsToRead = gBufferSizeBytes/maxPacketSize;

        packetDescs=malloc(sizeof(AudioStreamPacketDescription)*numPacketsToRead);

    }else {

        numPacketsToRead= gBufferSizeBytes/dataFormat.mBytesPerPacket;

        packetDescs=nil;

    }

    

    //设置Magic Cookie，参见第二十七章的相关介绍
    AudioFileGetProperty(audioFile, kAudioFilePropertyMagicCookieData, &size, nil);

    if (size >0) {

        cookie=malloc(sizeof(char)*size);

        AudioFileGetProperty(audioFile, kAudioFilePropertyMagicCookieData, &size, cookie);

        AudioQueueSetProperty(queue, kAudioQueueProperty_MagicCookie, cookie, size);

    }

    

    //创建并分配缓冲空间
    packetIndex=0;

    for (i=0; i<NUM_BUFFERS; i++) {

        AudioQueueAllocateBuffer(queue, gBufferSizeBytes, &buffers[i]);

        //读取包数据
        if ([self readPacketsIntoBuffer:buffers[i]]==1) {

            break;

        }

    }

    

    Float32 gain=1.0;

    //设置音量
    AudioQueueSetParameter(queue, kAudioQueueParam_Volume, gain);

    //队列处理开始，此后系统开始自动调用回调(Callback)函数
    AudioQueueStart(queue, nil);

    return self;

}



-(UInt32)readPacketsIntoBuffer:(AudioQueueBufferRef)buffer {

    UInt32 numBytes,numPackets;

    

    //从文件中接受数据并保存到缓存(buffer)中
    numPackets = numPacketsToRead;

    AudioFileReadPackets(audioFile, NO, &numBytes, packetDescs, packetIndex, &numPackets, buffer->mAudioData);

    if(numPackets >0){

        buffer->mAudioDataByteSize=numBytes;

        AudioQueueEnqueueBuffer(queue, buffer, (packetDescs ? numPackets : 0), packetDescs);

        packetIndex += numPackets;

    }

    else{

        return 1;//意味着我们没有读到任何的包
    }

    return 0;//0代表正常的退出
}

@end

2.录音

（1.）record.h

 

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>

#import <AudioToolbox/AudioToolbox.h>

#import <CoreAudio/CoreAudioTypes.h>

// use Audio Queue

// Audio Settings

#define kNumberBuffers      3

#define t_sample             SInt16

#define kSamplingRate       20000

#define kNumberChannels     1

#define kBitsPerChannels    (sizeof(t_sample) * 8)

#define kBytesPerFrame      (kNumberChannels * sizeof(t_sample))

//#define kFrameSize          (kSamplingRate * sizeof(t_sample))

#define kFrameSize          1000

typedef struct AQCallbackStruct

{

    AudioStreamBasicDescription mDataFormat;

    AudioQueueRef               queue;

    AudioQueueBufferRef         mBuffers[kNumberBuffers];

    AudioFileID                 outputFile;

    

    unsigned long               frameSize;

    long long                   recPtr;

    int                         run;

} AQCallbackStruct;

@interface Record : NSObject

{

    AQCallbackStruct aqc;

    AudioFileTypeID fileFormat;

}

- (id) init;

- (void) start;

- (void) stop;

- (void) pause;

- (void) processAudioBuffer:(AudioQueueBufferRef) buffer withQueue:(AudioQueueRef) queue;

@property (nonatomic, assign) AQCallbackStruct aqc;

@end

（2.）record.m

 

#import "Record.h"

@implementation Record

@synthesize aqc;

@synthesize delegate;

static void AQInputCallback (void                   * inUserData,

                             AudioQueueRef          inAudioQueue,

                             AudioQueueBufferRef    inBuffer,

                             const AudioTimeStamp   * inStartTime,

                             unsigned long          inNumPackets,

                             const AudioStreamPacketDescription * inPacketDesc)

{

    

    Record * engine = (Record *) inUserData;

    if (inNumPackets > 0)

    {

        [engine processAudioBuffer:inBuffer withQueue:inAudioQueue];

    }

    

    if (engine.aqc.run)

    {

        AudioQueueEnqueueBuffer(engine.aqc.queue, inBuffer, 0, NULL);

    }

}

- (id) init

{

    self = [super init];

    

    if (self)

    {

        

        aqc.mDataFormat.mSampleRate = kSamplingRate;

        aqc.mDataFormat.mFormatID = kAudioFormatLinearPCM;

        aqc.mDataFormat.mFormatFlags = kLinearPCMFormatFlagIsSignedInteger |kLinearPCMFormatFlagIsPacked;

        aqc.mDataFormat.mFramesPerPacket = 1;

        aqc.mDataFormat.mChannelsPerFrame = kNumberChannels;

        

        aqc.mDataFormat.mBitsPerChannel = kBitsPerChannels;

        

        aqc.mDataFormat.mBytesPerPacket = kBytesPerFrame;

        aqc.mDataFormat.mBytesPerFrame = kBytesPerFrame;

        

        aqc.frameSize = kFrameSize;

        

        AudioQueueNewInput(&aqc.mDataFormat, AQInputCallback, self, NULL, kCFRunLoopCommonModes,0, &aqc.queue);

        

        for (int i=0;i<kNumberBuffers;i++)

        {

            AudioQueueAllocateBuffer(aqc.queue, aqc.frameSize, &aqc.mBuffers[i]);

            AudioQueueEnqueueBuffer(aqc.queue, aqc.mBuffers[i], 0, NULL);

        }

        

        aqc.recPtr = 0;

        aqc.run = 1;

        

        int status = AudioQueueStart(aqc.queue, NULL);

        

        NSLog(@"AudioQueueStart = %d", status);    

    }

    return self;

}

- (void) dealloc

{

    AudioQueueStop(aqc.queue, true);

    aqc.run = 0;

    AudioQueueDispose(aqc.queue, true);

    

    [super dealloc];

}

- (void) start

{

    AudioQueueStart(aqc.queue, NULL);

}

- (void) stop

{

    AudioQueueStop(aqc.queue, true);

}

- (void) pause

{

    AudioQueuePause(aqc.queue);

}

- (void) processAudioBuffer:(AudioQueueBufferRef) buffer withQueue:(AudioQueueRef) queue

{

    NSAutoreleasePool * pool = [[NSAutoreleasePool alloc] init];

    

    long size = buffer->mAudioDataByteSize / aqc.mDataFormat.mBytesPerPacket;

    t_sample * data = (t_sample *) buffer->mAudioData;

    

    //NSLog(@"processAudioData :%ld", buffer->mAudioDataByteSize);

    

        //处理data

    [pool release];

}

@end

2.播放与录音同步

-(void)initAudioSession  

{  

    //初始化：如果这个忘了的话，可能会第一次播放不了

    AudioSessionInitialize(NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);  

    

        UInt32 category = kAudioSessionCategory_PlayAndRecord;    

        error = AudioSessionSetProperty(kAudioSessionProperty_AudioCategory, sizeof(category), &category);  

        

        UInt32 audioRouteOverride = kAudioSessionOverrideAudioRoute_None;

        AudioSessionSetProperty(kAudioSessionProperty_OverrideAudioRoute, sizeof                    (audioRouteOverride),&audioRouteOverride);        

     AudioSessionSetActive(true);  

         

} 

注：录耳机信号，手机扬声器播放音乐，这个功能我实现不了，如果有那位实现了的话，希望告诉一下，万分感谢！！