Tensorflow入门 - Day2：MNIST例子

不知为何刚开始跑代码的时候会报 Shape[-1, 784] has negative dimensions错误，但是重新输入代码再跑时又没有问题了，奇怪。

Session：InteractiveSession, 用在Ipython交互环境时的会话，如果不使用InteractiveSession，那么应该在Session启动之前建立好全部的计算图，并且launch图。

计算复杂的操作最好是在python之外进行，但是仍然有很多操作是交叉的，比如传递数据。Tensorflow允许用一个交互的graph在python之外跑，而不是只是跑一个计算复杂的操作。

 

tf.reduce_mean(input_tensor, axis=None, keep_dims= False, name =None, reduction_indices=None)

计算一个tensor的所有维度的均值。axis可以按不同维度

 

tf.argmax( input, axis=None,name =None, dimension=None): 返回tensor中最大值的index

tf.equal: 返回tensor中各element是否相等的bool型数组

tf.cast( x, dtype, name=None) : 将一个tensor转换成另外一种类型

Session.run() Tensor.eval()区别：

如果t是一个tensor，那么eval是session.run()的缩写。

https://www.tensorflow.org/programmers_guide/faq#running_a_tensorflow_computation

 

tf.truncated_normal(shape, mean=0.0, stddev=1.0, dtype=tf.float32, seed=None, name=None)

从一个截取的正态分布输出随机值

 

 

 

Softmax函数：类似于指数化输入变量，然后标准化它们。

 

# Copyright 2015 The TensorFlow Authors. All Rights Reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
# ==============================================================================

"""A very simple MNIST classifier.
See extensive documentation at
https://www.tensorflow.org/get_started/mnist/beginners
"""
from __future__ import absolute_import
from __future__ import division
from __future__ import print_function

import argparse
import sys

from tensorflow.examples.tutorials.mnist import input_data

import tensorflow as tf

FLAGS = None


def main(_):
  # Import data
  mnist = input_data.read_data_sets(FLAGS.data_dir, one_hot=True)

  # Create the model
  x = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, [None, 784])
  W = tf.Variable(tf.zeros([784, 10]))
  b = tf.Variable(tf.zeros([10]))
  y = tf.matmul(x, W) + b

  # Define loss and optimizer
  y_ = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, [None, 10])

  # The raw formulation of cross-entropy,
  #
  #   tf.reduce_mean(-tf.reduce_sum(y_ * tf.log(tf.nn.softmax(y)),
  #                                 reduction_indices=[1]))
  #
  # can be numerically unstable.
  #
  # So here we use tf.nn.softmax_cross_entropy_with_logits on the raw
  # outputs of 'y', and then average across the batch.
  cross_entropy = tf.reduce_mean(
      tf.nn.softmax_cross_entropy_with_logits(labels=y_, logits=y))
  train_step = tf.train.GradientDescentOptimizer(0.5).minimize(cross_entropy)

  sess = tf.InteractiveSession()
  tf.global_variables_initializer().run()
  # Train
  for _ in range(1000):
    batch_xs, batch_ys = mnist.train.next_batch(100)
    sess.run(train_step, feed_dict={x: batch_xs, y_: batch_ys})

  # Test trained model
  correct_prediction = tf.equal(tf.argmax(y, 1), tf.argmax(y_, 1))
  accuracy = tf.reduce_mean(tf.cast(correct_prediction, tf.float32))
  print(sess.run(accuracy, feed_dict={x: mnist.test.images,
                                      y_: mnist.test.labels}))

if __name__ == '__main__':
  parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
  parser.add_argument('--data_dir', type=str, default='/tmp/tensorflow/mnist/input_data',
                      help='Directory for storing input data')
  FLAGS, unparsed = parser.parse_known_args()
  tf.app.run(main=main, argv=[sys.argv[0]] + unparsed)

 

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/richard-lulu/p/7070897.html