SpringMVC:结合搭建SSM框架

最新推荐文章于 2022-07-28 22:13:43 发布

天亮1314

最新推荐文章于 2022-07-28 22:13:43 发布

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分类专栏： JAVA模块学习文章标签： spring java mybatis

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/dingtianliang/article/details/110307812

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1.环境要求

idea
MySQL
Tomcat
Maven 3.6

要求：

需要熟练掌握Mysql数据库，Spring,javaWeb及mybatis知识，简单的前端知识

2. 创建一个数据库表

CREATE DATABASE ssmbuild;
USE ssmbuild;
CREATE TABLE `books`(
`bookID` INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '书id',
`bookName` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL COMMENT '书名',
`bookCounts` INT NOT NULL COMMENT '数量',
`detail` VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL COMMENT '描述',
KEY `bookID`(`bookID`)
)ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

INSERT INTO `books`(`bookID`,`bookName`,`bookCounts`,`detail`)VALUES
(1,'Java',1,'从入门到放弃'),
(2,'MySQL',10,'从删库到跑路'),
(3,'Linux',5,'从进门到进牢');

3. 配置依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.wang</groupId>
    <artifactId>ssmBuild</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <!--依赖: junit, 数据库驱动, 连接池, servlet, jsp, mybatis, mybatis-spring, spring-->
    <dependencies>
        <!--Junit-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.13</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--数据库驱动-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.47</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--数据库连接池:  c3p0-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
            <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
            <version>0.9.5.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--Servlet JSP jstl 标准标签库(standard)-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
            <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp.jstl</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>taglibs</groupId>
            <artifactId>standard</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--mybatis mybatis-spring-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.5.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.5</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--Spring(MVC JDBC)-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.8.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.8.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--Lombok-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.18.12</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <!--静态资源导出-->
    <build>
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>false</filtering>
            </resource>

            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>false</filtering>
            </resource>
        </resources>
    </build>

</project>

4. 准备项目框架

在java目录下新建

dao
pojo
service
controller

在resource目录下配置mybatis和spring的核心配置文件

mybatis-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <!--配置数据源, 交给Spring去做-->
    <!--设置别名-->
    <typeAliases>
        <typeAlias type="com.ding.pojo.Books" alias="Books"/>
    </typeAliases>
    <!--映射Mapper-->
    <mappers>
        <mapper resource="com/ding/dao/BookMapper.xml" />
    </mappers>
</configuration>

applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    <import resource="spring-dao.xml"/>
    <import resource="sping-service.xml"/>
    <import resource="spring-mvc.xml"/>
</beans>

在resource目录下写数据库的配置文件database.properties

jdbc.driver = com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
# 如果使用的是MySQL8.0+, 增加一个时区的配置: &serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
jdbc.url = jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssmbuild?useSSL=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
jdbc.username = root
jdbc.password = 123456

5. Mybatis层

1. 编写实体类

package com.wang.pojo;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Books {

    private int bookID;
    private String bookName;
    private int bookCounts;
    private String detail;

}

2. 编写Mapper接口和xml

1. Mapping接口

package com.wang.dao;

import com.wang.pojo.Books;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;

import java.util.List;

public interface BookMapping {

    //增加一本书
    int addBook(Books books);

    //删除一本书
    int deleteBookById(@Param("bookID") int id);

    //更新一本书
    int updateBook(Books books);

    //查询一本书
    Books queryBookById(@Param("bookID") int id);

    //查询全部的书
    List<Books> queryAllBook();
}

2. Mapping.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.wang.dao.BookMapping">

    <insert id="addBook" parameterType="Books">
        insert into ssmbuild.books (bookName, bookCounts, detail)
        VALUES (#{bookName}, #{bookCounts}, #{detail});
    </insert>

    <delete id="deleteBookById" parameterType="_int">
        delete from ssmbuild.books where bookID = #{bookID};
    </delete>

    <update id="updateBook" parameterType="Books">
        update ssmbuild.books
        set bookName = #{bookName}, bookCounts = #{bookCounts}, detail = #{detail}
        where bookID = #{bookID};
    </update>

    <select id="queryBookById" resultType="Books">
        select * from ssmbuild.books where bookID = #{bookID};
    </select>

    <select id="queryAllBook" resultType="Books">
        select * from ssmbuild.books;
    </select>


</mapper>

注意

编写接口时, 属性为基本类型时要加上@Param("")注解, 同时此注解可以解决属性名与数据库的字段名不一致的问题

3. 编写Service层

1. 接口

import java.util.List;

public interface BookService {
    //增加一本书
    int addBook(Books books);

    //删除一本书
    int deleteBookById(int id);

    //更新一本书
    int updateBook(Books books);

    //查询一本书
    Books queryBookById(int id);

    //查询全部的书
    List<Books> queryAllBook();
}

2. 实现类

package com.wang.service;

import com.wang.dao.BookMapper;
import com.wang.pojo.Books;

import java.util.List;

public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService{

    //service层 调 dao层: 组合dao
    private BookMapping bookMapping;

    //添加setter, Spring可以直接注入到mapper
    public void setBookMapping(BookMapping bookMapping) {
        this.bookMapping = bookMapping;
    }

    @Override
    public int addBook(Books books) {
        return bookMapping.addBook(books);
    }

    @Override
    public int deleteBookById(int id) {
        return bookMapping.deleteBookById(id);
    }

    @Override
    public int updateBook(Books books) {
        return bookMapping.updateBook(books);
    }

    @Override
    public Books queryBookById(int id) {
        return bookMapping.queryBookById(id);
    }

    @Override
    public List<Books> queryAllBook() {
        return bookMapping.queryAllBook();
    }
}

注意

此处Service层与Dao层的接口基本一致, 但是这样做实现了分层解耦, 方便之后添加一些业务
在Service的实现类中, 调用dao, 同时对导入的dao编写一个Setter, 方便之后的Spring注入

4. 完善Mybatis核心配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>

    <!--配置数据源, 交给Spring去做-->

    <!--设置别名-->
    <typeAliases>
        <typeAlias type="com.wang.pojo.Books" alias="Books"/>
    </typeAliases>

    <!--映射Mapper-->
    <mappers>
        <mapper resource="com/wang/dap/BookMapping.xml"/>
    </mappers>

</configuration>

6. Spring层

1. 配置Spring-dao.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!--1. 关联数据库配置文件-->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:database.properties"/>

    <!--2. 连接池
        dbcp:   半自动化操作, 不能自动连接
        c3p0:   自动化操作(自动化的加载配置文件, 并且可以自动配置到对象中!)
        druid:
        hikari: SpringBoot 2.X自带的
    -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <!--从properties中取出四个要素-->
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>

        <!--c3p0连接池的私有属性-->
        <property name="maxPoolSize" value="30"/>
        <property name="minPoolSize" value="10"/>
        <!--关闭连接后不自动commit-->
        <property name="autoCommitOnClose" value="false"/>
        <!--获取连接超时时间-->
        <property name="checkoutTimeout" value="10000"/>
        <!--当获取失败重新尝试次数-->
        <property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="2"/>
    </bean>

    <!--3. SQLSessionFactory-->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <!--引用数据源-->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <!--绑定Mybatis的配置文件-->
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
    </bean>

    <!--4. 配置dao接口扫描包, 动态的实现了Dao接口可以注入到Spring容器中!-->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <!--注入sqlSessionFactory-->
        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
        <!--要扫描的dao包-->
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.wang.dao"/>
    </bean>

</beans>

注意

关于Spring包扫描后的类的名字
- 如果连着两个大写的字母开头，则扫描进来的bean就是大写开头的；
  如果大写开头，后面跟小写，则扫描进来的是小写开头的
Spring-dao.xml要放在applicationContext的同一个上下文中, 可以在项目结构的module中配置, 也可以在applicationContext中导入

2. 配置Spring-service.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!--1. 扫描Service下的包-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.wang.service"/>

    <!--2. 将我们的所有业务类注入到Spring, 可以通过配置或者注解实现-->
    <bean id="BookServiceImpl" class="com.wang.service.BookServiceImpl">
        <!--由于在BookServiceImpl中添加了bookMapper的实现类; 同时, 我们在Spring-dao中设置了自动扫描dao下的包, 因此我们可以直接注入-->
        <property name="bookMapping" ref="bookMapping"/>
    </bean>

    <!--3. 声明式事务配置-->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>

    <!--4. aop事务支持(要使用aop要导入织入包)-->


</beans>

注意

Spring-service.xml要放在applicationContext的同一个上下文中, 可以在项目结构的module中配置, 也可以在applicationContext中导入

3. 配置applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    <import resource="spring-dao.xml"/>
    <import resource="sping-service.xml"/>
    <import resource="spring-mvc.xml"/>
</beans>

7. SpringMVC层

1. 添加web框架

2. 编写web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">

    <!--DispatcherServlet-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <!--乱码过滤-->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

    <!--Session:    配置Session过期时间为15分钟-->
    <session-config>
        <session-timeout>15</session-timeout>
    </session-config>

</web-app>

注意

在DispatcherServlet中的url-pattern为 /
在filter中的url-pattern为 */

3. 配置Spring-mvc

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-mvc.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!-- 1.注解驱动-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>

    <!-- 2.静态资源过滤-->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>

    <!-- 3.扫描包: controller-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.wang.controller"/>

    <!-- 4.视图解析器-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>

    <!-- 5.如果要使用Jackson, 要配置统一处理乱码的问题!-->

</beans>

注意

配置时的约束注意结尾为mvc, 同时, .xsd中间也要改成mvc
视图解析器配置前缀时注意开头和结尾的 /
如果要使用JackSon, 在此处配置解决乱码问题

5. 添加库并配置Tomcat

在项目结构下的Artfact中, 添加一个lib目录, 将所有的库放入这个lib目录下

8. 如果出现bean不存在的排错思路#

查看这个bean是否注入成功! ==> idea中能跳转则成功
Junit单元测试, 看我们的代码是否能查询出结果!
如果上面都没有问题, 则问题一定不在我们的底层, 是Spring出了问题!
SpringMVC, 整合的时候没有调用我们的service层的bean:
1. applicationContext.xml 没有注入bean
2. web.xml中, 我们也绑定过配置文件! 看配置文件是否绑全!(applicationContext.xml)

9. 查询全部书籍#

1. 在controller中添加功能

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/book")
public class BookController {

    //controller层 调 service 层
    //这里使用Qualified, 指定了注入BookServiceImpl, 避免了自动装配注入对象模糊的问题
    @Autowired
    @Qualifier("BookServiceImpl")
    private BookService bookService;

    //查询全部的书籍, 并且返回到一个书籍展示页面
    @RequestMapping("/allBook")
    public String list(Model model) {
        List<Books> list = bookService.queryAllBook();

        model.addAttribute("list", list);
        return "allBook";
    }

    //跳转到增加书籍页面
    @RequestMapping("/toAddBook")
    public String toAddPage() {
        return "addBook";
    }

    //添加书籍的请求
    //由于提交了表单, 可以接收到一个Books对象
    @RequestMapping("/addBook")
    public String addBook(Books books) {
        bookService.addBook(books);
        //重定向到allBook查询
        return "redirect:/book/allBook";
    }

    //跳转到修改页面
    //在前端中提交了id数据, 这里可以接收到(使用老版的方法)
    //Model用来将其带给前端
    @RequestMapping("/toUpdateBook")
    public String toUpdatePage(int id, Model model) {
        Books books = bookService.queryBookById(id);
        model.addAttribute("queryResult", books);
        return "updateBook";
    }

    //修改书籍
    @RequestMapping("/updateBook")
    public String updateBook(Books books) {
        bookService.updateBook(books);
        return "redirect:/book/allBook";
    }

    //删除书籍
    @RequestMapping("/deleteBook/{bookID}")
    public String deleteBook(@PathVariable("bookID") int id) {
        bookService.deleteBookById(id);
        return "redirect:/book/allBook";
    }

}

注意

在jsp中添加了点击会跳转到/book/toAddBook的按钮, 这里会进一步跳转到addBook页面
/book/addBook是添加书籍的地址, 表单要提交到这里来处理!
添加之后, 要重定向到查询全部书籍, 使用 return "redirect:/book/allBook";

因做后端，前端部分暂时省略，详情请查看(转自)：https://www.cnblogs.com/wang-sky/p/13647103.html

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SpringMVC:结合搭建SSM框架

1.环境要求idea MySQL Tomcat Maven 3.6要求：需要熟练掌握Mysql数据库，Spring,javaWeb及mybatis知识，简单的前端知识2. 创建一个数据库表CREATE DATABASE ssmbuild;USE ssmbuild;CREATE TABLE `books`(`bookID` INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '书id',`bookName` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL C.
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