Spring JDBC Template

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-27 08:00:00 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-06-27 08:00:00 发布

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分类专栏： Spring Framework 文章标签： spring jdbc 数据库 sql encoding null

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/dingxy/article/details/7403231

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本文介绍了如何使用Spring的JDBC模板（JdbcTemplate）进行数据库操作，包括插入、删除、查询和更新。通过示例代码展示了JdbcTemplate在Test类中的应用，并提供了XML配置文件的详细内容，帮助理解数据源和JdbcTemplate的设置。此外，还提到了JdbcTemplate与其他模板类的区别，如NamedParameterJdbcTemplate和SimpleJdbcTemplate。

摘要由CSDN通过智能技术生成

1.Test class :

package com.bcsis.g3.test;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.dao.DataAccessException;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.ConnectionCallback;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;

public class JDBCTemplateTest {


        static int addRecord(JdbcTemplate jdbc ) {

            jdbc.execute(new ConnectionCallback() {

                public Object doInConnection(Connection con) throws SQLException, DataAccessException {
                    String sql = "insert into TEST1(reason,volume, amount) values (?,?,?) ";
                    PreparedStatement ps = con.prepareStatement(sql,
                            Statement.RETURN_GENERATED_KEYS);
                    ps.setString(1, "reason1");
                    ps.setInt(2, 100);
                    ps.setInt(3, 100);
                    ps.executeUpdate();

//                    ResultSet rs = ps.getGeneratedKeys();
//                    if (rs.next())
//                        user.setId(rs.getInt(1));
                    return null;
                }
            });
            return 0;
        }

   /**
   * @param args
   */
   public static void main(String[] args) {
       // TODO Auto-generated method stub

       ApplicationContext filecontext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("com/bcsis/report/resources/JDBC-config.xml");
       DataSource datasource = (DataSource) filecontext.getBean("dataSource");
       System.out.println("datasource : "+datasource);

       JdbcTemplate jdbc = new JdbcTemplate(datasource);
       addRecord(jdbc);


   }

}

2. ｘｍｌ　ｃｏｎｆｉｇ　：

1）JDBC-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

<import resource="datasource.xml" />

<bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
</bean>


</beans>

2.datasource.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

   <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"
       destroy-method="close">
       <property name="driverClassName" value="${db.driver.classname}" />
       <property name="url" value="${db.connection.url}" />
       <property name="username" value="${db.username}" />
       <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
   </bean>

</beans>

Reference1 ： http://lichaozhangobj.iteye.com/blog/700141

jdbcTemplate 例子

SQL JDBC

Java代码

public class JdbcTemplateTest {
static JdbcTemplate jdbc = new JdbcTemplate(JdbcUtils.getDataSource());
public static void main(String[] args) {
}
static int addUser(final User user) {
//更灵活的使用connection
jdbc.execute(new ConnectionCallback() {
public Object doInConnection(Connection con) throws SQLException,
DataAccessException {
String sql = "insert into user(name,birthday, money) values (?,?,?) ";
PreparedStatement ps = con.prepareStatement(sql,
Statement.RETURN_GENERATED_KEYS);
ps.setString(1, user.getName());
ps.setDate(2, new java.sql.Date(user.getBirthday().getTime()));
ps.setFloat(3, user.getMoney());
ps.executeUpdate();
ResultSet rs = ps.getGeneratedKeys();
if (rs.next())
user.setId(rs.getInt(1));
return null;
}
});
return 0;
}
static Map getData(int id) {
String sql = "select id as userId, name, money, birthday from user where id="
+ id;
return jdbc.queryForMap(sql);
}
static String getUserName(int id) {
String sql = "select name from user where id=" + id;
Object name = jdbc.queryForObject(sql, String.class);
return (String) name;
}
static int getUserCount() {
String sql = "select count(*) from user";
return jdbc.queryForInt(sql);
}
static List findUsers(int id) {
String sql = "select id, name, money, birthday from user where id<?";
Object[] args = new Object[] { id };
int[] argTypes = new int[] { Types.INTEGER };
List users = jdbc.query(sql, args, argTypes, new BeanPropertyRowMapper(
User.class));
return users;
}
static User findUser(String name) {
String sql = "select id, name, money, birthday from user where name=?";
Object[] args = new Object[] { name };
Object user = jdbc.queryForObject(sql, args, new BeanPropertyRowMapper(
User.class));
return (User) user;
}
static User findUser1(String name) {
String sql = "select id, name, money, birthday from user where name=?";
Object[] args = new Object[] { name };
Object user = jdbc.queryForObject(sql, args, new RowMapper() {
public Object mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rowNum) throws SQLException {
User user = new User();
user.setId(rs.getInt("id"));
user.setName(rs.getString("name"));
user.setMoney(rs.getFloat("money"));
user.setBirthday(rs.getDate("birthday"));
return user;
}
});
return (User) user;
}
}

Java代码

public class JdbcTemplateTest {
public static JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplet = new JdbcTemplate(JdbcUtils
.getDataSource());
public static void main(String[] args) {
}
// 查询返回对象类型
public static User getUser(String name) {
String sql = "select id,name,password from user where name=?";
Object[] args = new Object[] { name };
Object user = jdbcTemplet.queryForObject(sql, args,
new BeanPropertyRowMapper(User.class));
return (User) user;
}
// 查询返回List类型
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public static List<User> queryUserForList() {
String sql = "select id,name,password from user";
return jdbcTemplet.query(sql, new BeanPropertyRowMapper(User.class));
}
// 插入
public static void insert() {
String sql = "insert into user(name,password) values(?,?)";
jdbcTemplet.update(sql, new Object[] { "wanger", "123456" });
}
// 删除
public static void delete(int id) {
String sql = "delete from user where id=?";
jdbcTemplet.update(sql, new Object[] { 4 });
}
// 更新
public static void update(User user) {
String sql = "update user set name=?,password=? where id=?";
Object[] args = new Object[] { "张三", "000000", 1 };
int[] argTypes = new int[] { Types.VARCHAR, Types.VARCHAR,
Types.INTEGER };
jdbcTemplet.update(sql, args, argTypes);
}
// 插入日期类型
public static void insert2() {
String sql = "insert into date_table(time) values(?)";
Date date = new Date();
Object[] args = new Object[] { date };
// int[] argTypes = new int[] { Types.TIMESTAMP };
// jdbcTemplet.update(sql, args, argTypes);
jdbcTemplet.update(sql, args);
}
}

Reference2 :

Spring的JDBC框架能够承担资源管理和异常处理的工作,从而简化我们的JDBC代码,
让我们只需编写从数据库读写数据所必需的代码。Spring把数据访问的样板代码隐藏到模板类之下,
结合Spring的事务管理,可以大大简化我们的代码.

Spring提供了3个模板类：

JdbcTemplate：Spring里最基本的JDBC模板，利用JDBC和简单的索引参数查询提供对数据库的简单访问。
NamedParameterJdbcTemplate：能够在执行查询时把值绑定到SQL里的命名参数，而不是使用索引参数。
SimpleJdbcTemplate：利用Java 5的特性，比如自动装箱、通用（generic）和可变参数列表来简化JDBC模板的使用。
具体使用哪个模板基本上取决于个人喜好。

使用Spring的JdbcTemplate来实现简单的增删改查,首先建立测试数据表person
create table person(
id int not null primary key auto_increment,
name varchar(20) not null
)

导入依赖的jar包,由于测试中数据源使用的是dbcp数据源,需要以下jar包支持:
commons-logging.jar
commons-pool.jar
commons-dbcp.jar
同时还必须导入数据库驱动jar包:mysql-connector-java-3.1.8-bin.jar

建立实体bean
Person.java

Java代码

package com.royzhou.jdbc;
public class PersonBean {
private int id;
private String name;
public PersonBean() {
}
public PersonBean(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public PersonBean(int id, String name) {
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
}
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String toString() {
return this.id + ":" + this.name;
}
}

接口类:
PersonService.java

Java代码

package com.royzhou.jdbc;
import java.util.List;
public interface PersonService {
public void addPerson(PersonBean person);
public void updatePerson(PersonBean person);
public void deletePerson(int id);
public PersonBean queryPerson(int id);
public List<PersonBean> queryPersons();
}

实现类:
PersonServiceImpl.java

Java代码

package com.royzhou.jdbc;
import java.util.List;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.sql.Types;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
public class PersonServiceImpl implements PersonService {
private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
/**
* 通过Spring容器注入datasource
* 实例化JdbcTemplate,该类为主要操作数据库的类
* @param ds
*/
public void setDataSource(DataSource ds) {
this.jdbcTemplate = new JdbcTemplate(ds);
}
public void addPerson(PersonBean person) {
/**
* 第一个参数为执行sql
* 第二个参数为参数数据
* 第三个参数为参数类型
*/
jdbcTemplate.update("insert into person values(null,?)", new Object[]{person.getName()}, new int[]{Types.VARCHAR});
}
public void deletePerson(int id) {
jdbcTemplate.update("delete from person where id = ?", new Object[]{id}, new int[]{Types.INTEGER});
}
public PersonBean queryPerson(int id) {
/**
* new PersonRowMapper()是一个实现RowMapper接口的类,
* 执行回调,实现mapRow()方法将rs对象转换成PersonBean对象返回
*/
PersonBean pb = (PersonBean) jdbcTemplate.queryForObject("select id,name from person where id = ?", new Object[]{id}, new PersonRowMapper());
return pb;
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public List<PersonBean> queryPersons() {
List<PersonBean> pbs = (List<PersonBean>) jdbcTemplate.query("select id,name from person", new PersonRowMapper());
return pbs;
}
public void updatePerson(PersonBean person) {
jdbcTemplate.update("update person set name = ? where id = ?", new Object[]{person.getName(), person.getId()}, new int[]{Types.VARCHAR, Types.INTEGER});
}
}

PersonRowMapper.java

Java代码

package com.royzhou.jdbc;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;
public class PersonRowMapper implements RowMapper {
//默认已经执行rs.next(),可以直接取数据
public Object mapRow(ResultSet rs, int index) throws SQLException {
PersonBean pb = new PersonBean(rs.getInt("id"),rs.getString("name"));
return pb;
}
}

我们需要在bean.xml中配置DataSource,并且将datasource注入到我们的业务类中

Xml代码

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${driverClassName}"/>
<property name="url" value="${url}"/>
<property name="username" value="${username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${password}"/>
<property name="initialSize" value="${initialSize}"/>
<property name="maxActive" value="${maxActive}"/>
<property name="maxIdle" value="${maxIdle}"/>
<property name="minIdle" value="${minIdle}"/>
</bean>
</beans>