NandFlash操作详解（三）

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-10 20:12:08 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-07-10 20:12:08 发布

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分类专栏： uboot 文章标签： NandFlash操作

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/doccode/article/details/46964257

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代码正确性验证：

验证代码的正确性可以使用先写入特定字符，然后在读出来的方法验证。

实验板：MINI2440 256M

首先下载一个可用的u-boot到NorFlash中，用于查看NandFlash中的数据。

然后以NorFlash启动进入u-boot，使用tftp工具或者其他工具把测试程序下载到NandFlash的0地址。以NandFlash启动查看测试结果。

测试文件main.c：

int xboot_main()

{

         int num = 0;

         int a = 1;

         int b = 2;

         char buf[2048] = {"hello NandFlash"};

         char buf2[2048] = {};

         uart_init();

         printf("start nandflash read/write\n\r");

         NF_Erase(0x32345);

         NF_WritePage(0x32345,buf);

         NF_PageRead(0x32345,buf2);

         printf("\n\n%s\n\r",buf2);

         while(1)

         {

                   printf("\n***************************************\n\r");

                   printf("\n****************XBOOT*****************\n\r");

                   printf("1:Download Linux Kernel from TFTP Server!\n\r");

                   printf("2:Boot Linux from RAM!\n\r");

                   printf("3:Boot Linux from Nand Flash!\n\r");

                   printf("\n Plese Select:");



                   scanf("%d",&num);



                   switch (num)

                   {

                            case 1:

                            //tftp_load();

                            break;



                            case 2:

                            //boot_linux_ram();

                            break;



                            case 3:

                            //boot_linux_nand();

                            break;



                            default:

                            printf("Error: wrong selection!\n\r");

                            break;

                   }

         }

         return 0;

}

完整的nand.c文件：

#define NFCONF (*(volatile unsigned long*)0x4E000000)

#define NFCONT (*(volatile unsigned long*)0x4E000004)

#define NFCMD (*(volatile unsigned char*)0x4E000008)

#define NFADDR (*(volatile unsigned char*)0x4E00000C)

#define NFDATA (*(volatile unsigned char*)0x4E000010)

#define NFSTAT (*(volatile unsigned char*)0x4E000020)

#define TACLS 1

#define TWRPH0 2

#define TWRPH1 1

void select_chip()

{

    NFCONT &= ~(1<<1);

}

void deselect_chip()

{

    NFCONT |= (1<<1);

}

void clear_RnB()

{

   NFSTAT |= (1<<2);

}

void send_cmd(unsigned cmd)

{

     NFCMD = cmd;

}

void send_addr(unsigned addr)

{

     NFADDR = addr;

}

void wait_RnB()

{

   while (!(NFSTAT&(1<<2)))

   {

       ;

   }

}

void nand_reset()

{

    //选中flash

    select_chip();



    //清除RnB

    clear_RnB();





    //发送0xff命令

    send_cmd(0xff);





    //等待RnB

    wait_RnB();





    //取消选中flash

    deselect_chip();

}

void nand_init()

{

    //初始化NFCONF

    NFCONF = (TACLS<<12) | (TWRPH0<<8) | (TWRPH1<<4);



    //初始化NFCONT

    NFCONT = (1<<0) | (1<<1);



    //复位

    nand_reset();

}

void NF_PageRead(unsigned long addr,unsigned char* buff)

{

         int i;



         //int col = addr % 2048;

         //int page = addr / 2048;

         int col = 0x0;

         int page = addr;

         //选中nandflash芯片

         select_chip();



         //清除RnB

         clear_RnB();



         //发送命令0x00

         send_cmd(0x00);



         send_addr(col & 0xff);

         send_addr((col >> 8) & 0xff);

         send_addr(page & 0xff);

         send_addr((page >> 8) & 0xff);

         send_addr((page >> 16) & 0xff);



         //发送命令0x30

         send_cmd(0x30);



         //等待RnB

         wait_RnB();



         //读取数据

         for(i=0;i<2048;i++)

         {

            buff[i] = NFDATA;

         }



         //取消选中nandflash芯片

         deselect_chip();

}

void nand_to_ram(unsigned long start_addr, unsigned char* sdram_addr, int size)

{

         int page = start_addr / 2048;

         for(;size>0;)

         {

             NF_PageRead(page,sdram_addr);

             size -= 2048;

             sdram_addr += 2048;

             page++;

         }

}

int NF_Erase(unsigned long addr)

{

         int ret;

         unsigned int page = addr/2048;



//选中flash芯片

         select_chip();



         //清除RnB

         clear_RnB();



         //发送命令0x60

         send_cmd(0x60);



         //发送行地址

         send_addr(page&0xff);

         send_addr((page>>8)&0xff);

         send_addr((page>>16)&0xff);



         //发送命令D0

         send_cmd(0xD0);



         //等待RnB

         wait_RnB();



         //发送命令0x70

         send_cmd(0x70);



         //读取擦除结果

         ret = NFDATA;



         //取消选中flash芯片

         deselect_chip();



         return ret;



}

int NF_WritePage(unsigned long addr,unsigned char *buff)

{

         unsigned int i,ret = 0,page,col;

         col = addr % 2048;

         page = addr /2048;

         //选中nandflash

         select_chip();



         //清除RnB

         clear_RnB();



         //发送0x80命令

         send_cmd(0x80);



         //发送2个列地址

         /* 这种写法ok

         send_addr(col & 0xff);

         send_addr((col >> 8) & 0xff);

         send_addr(page & 0xff);

         send_addr((page >> 8) & 0xff);

         send_addr((page >> 16) & 0xff);

         */



         send_addr(addr & 0xff);         // a0~a7

         send_addr((addr >> 8) & 0x7);   // 以程序角度看 a8~a10

         send_addr((addr >> 11) & 0xff); // 以程序角度看 a12~a19

         send_addr((addr >> 19) & 0xff); // 以程序角度看 a20~a27

         send_addr((addr >> 27) & 0xff); // 以程序角度看 a28



/*     wrong 移位错误

         send_addr(addr & 0xff);         // a0~a7

         send_addr((addr >> 8) & 0x7);   // 以程序角度看 a8~a10

         send_addr((addr >> 12) & 0xff); // 以程序角度看 a12~a19

         send_addr((addr >> 20) & 0xff); // 以程序角度看 a20~a27

         send_addr((addr >> 28) & 0xff); // 以程序角度看 a28

*/

         //发送数据

         for(i=0;i<2048;i++)

         {

            NFDATA = buff[i];

         }



         //发送0x10命令

         send_cmd(0x10);



         //等待RnB

         wait_RnB();



         //发送0x70命令

         send_cmd(0x70);



         //读取写入结果

         ret = NFDATA;



         //关闭nandflash

         deselect_chip();

         return ret;

}