iOS UITextField 使用全解

UITextField 座位用户交互的一个必备使用的控件，其使用频率较高。

定义一个UITextField 及其基本的属性：

    UITextField _telNum = [[UITextField alloc] init];
    _telNum.clearsOnBeginEditing = NO;//在输入时不清除原来输入的文字
    _telNum.delegate = self;//
    [_telNum addTarget:self action:@selector(textFieldDoneEditing:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventEditingDidEndOnExit];//
	_telNum.font = [UIFont boldSystemFontOfSize:14];//
	_telNum.textColor = [UIColor blackColor];//
	_telNum.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor];//
	_telNum.borderStyle = UITextBorderStyleNone;
	_telNum.clearButtonMode = UITextFieldViewModeWhileEditing;
	_telNum.autocorrectionType = UITextAutocorrectionTypeNo;
	_telNum.autocapitalizationType  = UITextAutocapitalizationTypeNone;
	_telNum.returnKeyType = UIReturnKeyDefault;
	_telNum.contentVerticalAlignment = UIControlContentVerticalAlignmentCenter;
	_telNum.placeholder = @"默认的文本";
    _telNum.keyboardType = UIKeyboardTypeNumberPad;//文本输入时，按键弹出的按键为数字

下面为UITextField 的一些代理方法：

1.开始输入文本时，一般需要判断键盘是否遮挡住了UITextField 视图，是的话需要调整整个视图的位置。

-(BOOL)textFieldShouldBeginEditing:(UITextField *)textField {
    
    CGRect textFrame =  textField.frame;
    float textY = textFrame.origin.y+textFrame.size.height;
    float bottomY = self.view.frame.size.height-textY;
    if(bottomY<216)  //判断当前的高度是否已经有216，如果超过了就不需要再移动主界面的View高度
    {
        float moveY = 216-bottomY;
        prewMoveY = moveY;
    
        NSTimeInterval animationDuration = 0.30f;
        CGRect frame = self.view.frame;
        frame.origin.y -=moveY;//view的Y轴上移
        frame.size.height +=moveY; //View的高度增加
        self.view.frame = frame;
        [UIView beginAnimations:@"ResizeView" context:nil];
        [UIView setAnimationDuration:animationDuration];
        self.view.frame = frame;
        [UIView commitAnimations];//设置调整界面的动画效果
    }
    return YES;
}

2. 输入文本结束时，调回输入前的视图布局

-(void ) textFieldDoneEditing:(id) sender{
	if (sender == _telNum) {
		_payButton.enabled = YES;
        
        NSTimeInterval animationDuration = 0.30f;
        CGRect frame = self.view.frame;
        //还原界面
        frame.origin.y +=prewMoveY;
        frame.size. height -=prewMoveY;
        self.view.frame = frame;
        //self.view移回原位置
        [UIView beginAnimations:@"ResizeView" context:nil];
        [UIView setAnimationDuration:animationDuration];
        self.view.frame = frame;
        [UIView commitAnimations];
        [sender resignFirstResponder];
        
	}
}

3.决定文本输入的字数，超过一定的范围则弹出提示框：

- (BOOL)textField:(UITextField *)textField shouldChangeCharactersInRange:(NSRange)range replacementString:(NSString *)string
{
    if (range.location>=11)
    {
        alertMessage(nil, @"超过了电话号码的长度！");
        return  NO;
    }
    else
    {
        return YES;
    }
}

4.输入完毕，需要判定输入的文本是否满足要求，可以采用正则表达式来进行判定。例如，我们需要判定输入的数字是否为电话号码，如下代码即行：

// 正则判断手机号码地址格式
- (BOOL)isMobileNumber:(NSString *)mobileNum
{
    /**
     * 手机号码
     * 移动：134[0-8],135,136,137,138,139,150,151,157,158,159,182,187,188
     * 联通：130,131,132,152,155,156,185,186
     * 电信：133,1349,153,180,189
     */
    NSString * MOBILE = @"^1(3[0-9]|5[0-35-9]|8[025-9])\\d{8}$";
    /**
     10         * 中国移动：China Mobile
     11         * 134[0-8],135,136,137,138,139,150,151,157,158,159,182,187,188
     12         */
    NSString * CM = @"^1(34[0-8]|(3[5-9]|5[017-9]|8[278])\\d)\\d{7}$";
    /**
     15         * 中国联通：China Unicom
     16         * 130,131,132,152,155,156,185,186
     17         */
    NSString * CU = @"^1(3[0-2]|5[256]|8[56])\\d{8}$";
    /**
     20         * 中国电信：China Telecom
     21         * 133,1349,153,180,189
     22         */
    NSString * CT = @"^1((33|53|8[09])[0-9]|349)\\d{7}$";
    /**
     25         * 大陆地区固话及小灵通
     26         * 区号：010,020,021,022,023,024,025,027,028,029
     27         * 号码：七位或八位
     28         */
    // NSString * PHS = @"^0(10|2[0-5789]|\\d{3})\\d{7,8}$";
    
    NSPredicate *regextestmobile = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF MATCHES %@", MOBILE];
    NSPredicate *regextestcm = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF MATCHES %@", CM];
    NSPredicate *regextestcu = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF MATCHES %@", CU];
    NSPredicate *regextestct = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF MATCHES %@", CT];
    
    if (([regextestmobile evaluateWithObject:mobileNum] == YES)
        || ([regextestcm evaluateWithObject:mobileNum] == YES)
        || ([regextestct evaluateWithObject:mobileNum] == YES)
        || ([regextestcu evaluateWithObject:mobileNum] == YES))
    {
        return YES;
    }
    else
    {
        return NO;
    }
}

5.我们需要在点击非键盘区域实现结束输入的功能，同时键盘视图退出。可以使用如下的代码：

    UIControl *controlView = [[UIControl alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 320.0f, 416.0f)];
    [controlView addTarget:self action:@selector(backgroundTap:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchDown];
    [self.view addSubview:controlView];

在上面的基础上增加点击消息处理方法：

-(void) backgroundTap:(id) sender{
    //还原界面
    NSTimeInterval animationDuration = 0.30f;
    CGRect frame = self.view.frame;
    frame.origin.y +=prewMoveY;
    frame.size. height -=prewMoveY;
    self.view.frame = frame;
    //self.view移回原位置
    [UIView beginAnimations:@"ResizeView" context:nil];
    [UIView setAnimationDuration:animationDuration];
    self.view.frame = frame;
    [UIView commitAnimations];
	[_telNum resignFirstResponder];
    
    if(_telNum.text.length>0) {
        if(![self isMobileNumber:_telNum.text]) {
            alertMessage(nil, @"电话号码错误！");
        }
        else {
            _payButton.enabled = YES;
            //_payButton.hidden = NO;
        }
    }
}