V4L2+FFMPEG+live555实现流媒体服务端

源码下载地址：源码下载

<span style="font-size: 14px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">代码主要参考了如下一篇博客，当然还有其它很多代码，就不一一列举了。</span>

博客链接：http://blog.csdn.net/nieyongs/article/details/17919325

分析LIVE555库，设计了两个类：

1.V4L2FramedSource类，是FramedSource类的直接子类，主要提供如下功能：

    使用V4L2提供的MMAP内存映射，建立了V4L2FramedSource::fNumCameraBuffers个缓冲帧

    基于FFMPEG的libswscale模块实现缩放与转换图像格式和大小

2.StreamEncoder类，是FramedFilter类的直接子类，不过也算FramedSource类的孙子类吧！基于FFMPEG的libavcodec模块实现H264编码。

这是Live555库中非常常见的两个类，FrameFilter类是SOURCE到SINK途径中可以无限制插入的类，它能够非常出色的将流水作业模块化！

程序中图像数据传递流程为：

V4L2FramedSource →StreamEncoder→H264VideoStreamFramer

→H264VideoRTPSink

程序调用流程是刚好相反的方向，当RTPSink类将图像数据打包完毕之后，它就会向H264VideoStreamFramer要数据，这样。。。。

H264VideoRTPSink是按照[RFC 3984]协议对NALU进行分片，不过分片功能则是交给H264or5Fragmenter类实现

//liveMedia/H264VideoRTPSink.cpp文件
// "liveMedia"
// Copyright (c) 1996-2014 Live Networks, Inc.  All rights reserved.
// RTP sink for H.264 video (RFC 3984)
// Implementation

具体分片方法可查看live/liveMedia/H264or5VideoRTPSink.cpp文件的H264or5Fragmenter::doGetNextFrame()函数。

H264VideoStreamFramer类实现了解析各个图像帧，并且一次只向H264or5Fragmenter对象传递一个NAL单元。

Tips：因此，在确保一次传递一个NALU的情况下，完全可以直接砍掉 解析NALU单元的模块，这个最大的鸡肋。不过

FFMPEG库的avcodec_encode_video2()返回的AVPacket确实是一帧已编码的H.264图像，还不能够这样霸气！

StreamEncoder和H264VideoStreamFramer是FramedFilter的子类

V4L2FramedSource是FramedSource的子类

H264VideoRTPSink是RTPSink的子类

/**********
This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by the
Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or (at your
option) any later version. (See <http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/lesser.html>.)

This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU Lesser General Public License for
more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301  USA
**********/
// Copyright (c) 1996-2014, Live Networks, Inc.  All rights reserved
// A test program that demonstrates how to stream - via unicast RTP
// - various kinds of file on demand, using a built-in RTSP server.
// main program

#include <liveMedia.hh>
#include <BasicUsageEnvironment.hh>
#include "DD_H264VideoFileServerMediaSubsession.hh"

UsageEnvironment* env;

// To make the second and subsequent client for each stream reuse the same
// input stream as the first client (rather than playing the file from the
// start for each client), change the following "False" to "True":
Boolean reuseFirstSource = True;

static void announceStream(RTSPServer* rtspServer, ServerMediaSession* sms,
			   char const* streamName, char const* inputFileName); // fwd

int main(int argc, char** argv) {
  // Begin by setting up our usage environment:
  TaskScheduler* scheduler = BasicTaskScheduler::createNew();
  env = BasicUsageEnvironment::createNew(*scheduler);

  UserAuthenticationDatabase* authDB = NULL;
#ifdef ACCESS_CONTROL
  // To implement client access control to the RTSP server, do the following:
  authDB = new UserAuthenticationDatabase;
  authDB->addUserRecord("username1", "password1"); // replace these with real strings
  // Repeat the above with each <username>, <password> that you wish to allow
  // access to the server.
#endif

  // Create the RTSP server:
  RTSPServer* rtspServer = RTSPServer::createNew(*env, 8554, authDB);
  if (rtspServer == NULL) {
    *env << "Failed to create RTSP server: " << env->getResultMsg() << "\n";
    exit(1);
  }

  char const* descriptionString
    = "Session streamed by \"testOnDemandRTSPServer\"";

  // Set up each of the possible streams that can be served by the
  // RTSP server.  Each such stream is implemented using a
  // "ServerMediaSession" object, plus one or more
  // "ServerMediaSubsession" objects for each audio/video substream.
  // A H.264 video elementary stream:
  {
    char const* streamName = "h264ESVideoTest";
    char const* inputFileName = "test.264";
    ServerMediaSession* sms
      = ServerMediaSession::createNew(*env, streamName, streamName,
				      descriptionString);
    sms->addSubsession(DD_H264VideoFileServerMediaSubsession
		       ::createNew(*env, inputFileName, reuseFirstSource));
    rtspServer->addServerMediaSession(sms);

    announceStream(rtspServer, sms, streamName, inputFileName);
  }
  // Also, attempt to create a HTTP server for RTSP-over-HTTP tunneling.
  // Try first with the default HTTP port (80), and then with the alternative HTTP
  // port numbers (8000 and 8080).

  if (rtspServer->setUpTunnelingOverHTTP(80) || rtspServer->setUpTunnelingOverHTTP(8000) || rtspServer->setUpTunnelingOverHTTP(8080)) {
    *env << "\n(We use port " << rtspServer->httpServerPortNum() << " for optional RTSP-over-HTTP tunneling.)\n";
  } else {
    *env << "\n(RTSP-over-HTTP tunneling is not available.)\n";
  }

  env->taskScheduler().doEventLoop(); // does not return

  return 0; // only to prevent compiler warning
}

static void announceStream(RTSPServer* rtspServer, ServerMediaSession* sms,
			   char const* streamName, char const* inputFileName) {
  char* url = rtspServer->rtspURL(sms);
  UsageEnvironment& env = rtspServer->envir();
  env << "\n\"" << streamName << "\" stream, from the file \""
      << inputFileName << "\"\n";
  env << "Play this stream using the URL \"" << url << "\"\n";
  delete[] url;
}

/*
 * V4L2.h
 *
 *  Created on: 2013年12月17日
 *      Author: ny
 */

#ifndef V4L2_H_
#define V4L2_H_

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <assert.h>

#include <getopt.h>

#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <malloc.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>

#include <asm/types.h>

#include <linux/videodev2.h>

#ifndef _FRAMED_SOURCE_HH
#include "FramedSource.hh"
#endif

extern "C"
{
	#include <libavcodec/avcodec.h>
//	#include <libavformat/avformat.h>
//	#include <libavfilter/avfilter.h>
	#include <libswscale/swscale.h>
  #include "libavutil/opt.h"
  #include <libavutil/imgutils.h>
}

#define CLEAR(x) memset(&(x),0,sizeof(x))

struct buffer
{
	void * start;
	unsigned int length;
};

class V4L2FramedSource: public FramedSource
{
public:
	V4L2FramedSource(UsageEnvironment& env);
	virtual ~V4L2FramedSource();
//	bool initDev(const char * devName, int width, int height);//摄像头初始化
	bool startStream();//开始启动摄像头
	int getWidth();
	int getHeight();
  void camera_get_format(void);
  void camera_set_format(int width, int height);
  void output_get_format(void);
  void output_set_format(int width, int height);
//	bool setSize(int width, int height);
	b