“人在回路”:自动化如何创造更美好的就业前景?

全文共2477字,预计学习时长7分钟

 

“人在回路”:自动化如何创造更美好的就业前景?

图源:Adobe Stock

过去十年间,人们对于自动化的担忧体现在许多新闻和政治讨论当中,捍卫权利使工作收入不受自动化浪潮的影响已经成为政治讨论的核心。如今提及自动化时,人们不会想到自动化赋予或增强科技进步的能力,而是自动化会使技术取代人类、加剧不平等、引发经济问题等等。

 

毫无疑问,劳动力经济机会的不平等仍将是未来几年社会需要解决的关键问题。甚至有些夸张的说法认为,自动化在某种程度上肯定会取代所有工作并使经济陷入混乱。

 

在由斯坦福大学“以人为本”人工智能研究院主办的关于未来工作的论坛上,谷歌首席经济学家哈尔·瓦里安(Hal Varian)说:“大多数工作比人们意识到的要复杂。自动化通常不会让工作岗位消失,通常只会让乏味、繁琐和重复的任务消失。如果所有任务消失了,工作也就消失了。但这种情况几乎不可能发生。”

 

换句话说,自动化虽然有可能消除琐碎复杂的工作,但也许把它视为提升现代工人能力而不是取代他们的手段更为恰当。如果运用得当,它有可能造福社会。

 

正如麦肯锡公司(McKinsey and Company)的分析师在2019年5月发表的题为“技术为善”的报告中所言,“开发和采用包括智能自动化和人工智能在内的先进技术不仅可以提高生产率和促进GDP的增长,而且还可以改善人们的生活,使人们更健康更长

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Human-in-the-Loop Machine Learning lays out methods for humans and machines to work together effectively. Summary Most machine learning systems that are deployed in the world today learn from human feedback. However, most machine learning courses focus almost exclusively on the algorithms, not the human-computer interaction part of the systems. This can leave a big knowledge gap for data scientists working in real-world machine learning, where data scientists spend more time on data management than on building algorithms. Human-in-the-Loop Machine Learning is a practical guide to optimizing the entire machine learning process, including techniques for annotation, active learning, transfer learning, and using machine learning to optimize every step of the process. Purchase of the print book includes a free eBook in PDF, Kindle, and ePub formats from Manning Publications. About the technology Machine learning applications perform better with human feedback. Keeping the right people in the loop improves the accuracy of models, reduces errors in data, lowers costs, and helps you ship models faster. About the book Human-in-the-Loop Machine Learning lays out methods for humans and machines to work together effectively. You'll find best practices on selecting sample data for human feedback, quality control for human annotations, and designing annotation interfaces. You'll learn to create training data for labeling, object detection, and semantic segmentation, sequence labeling, and more. The book starts with the basics and progresses to advanced techniques like transfer learning and self-supervision within annotation workflows. What's inside Identifying the right training and evaluation data Finding and managing people to annotate data Selecting annotation quality control strategies Designing interfaces to improve accuracy and efficiency About the author Robert (Munro) Monarch is a data scientist and engineer who has built machine learning data for companies such as
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