[C++]状态模式

在状态模式（State Pattern）中，类的行为是基于它的状态改变的。这种类型的设计模式属于行为型模式。

在状态模式中，我们创建表示各种状态的对象和一个行为随着状态对象改变而改变的 context 对象。

C++代码如下：

// 此文件包含 "main" 函数。程序执行将在此处开始并结束。
//

// 参考大话设计模式 - 状态模式

#include <iostream>

#ifndef SAFE_DELETE
#define SAFE_DELETE(p) { if(p){delete(p); (p)=NULL;} }
#endif

// 状态模式：存在多种状态，用if else逻辑较为繁琐时，可采用状态模式进行管控
// 
// 注意：内存泄露问题

using namespace std;

class Work;
class FornoonState;

class State {
public:
	virtual void writeProgram(Work* work) = 0;
};

class Work {
public:
	Work();
	~Work() {
		SAFE_DELETE(state_);
	}

	void setHour(int hour) {
		hour_ = hour;
	}
	int getHour() {
		return hour_;
	}

	void setFinish(bool finish) {
		finish_ = finish;
	}
	int getFinish() {
		return finish_;
	}

	// 此处注意内存泄露
	void setState(State* state) {
		SAFE_DELETE(state_);
		state_ = state;
	}

	void getCurrentState() {
		state_->writeProgram(this);
	}

private:
	int hour_ = 0;
	bool finish_ = false;
	State* state_ = nullptr;
};

class SleeptimeState : public State {
public:
	void writeProgram(Work* work) {
		cout << "time: " << work->getHour() << ", can not work ,need sleep" << endl;
	}
};

class GohomeState : public State {
public:
	void writeProgram(Work* work) {
		work->setFinish(true);
	}
};

class NigthtimeState : public State {
public:
	void writeProgram(Work* work) {
		if (work->getFinish()) {
			cout << "time: " << work->getHour() << ", work done, go home" << endl;
			work->setState(new GohomeState());
		}
		else {
			if (work->getHour() < 21) {
				cout << "time: " << work->getHour() << ", work very tired." << endl;
			}
			else {
				work->setState(new SleeptimeState());
				work->getCurrentState();
			}
		}
	}
};

class AfternoonState : public State {
public:
	void writeProgram(Work* work) {
		if (work->getHour() < 19) {
			cout << "time: " << work->getHour() << ", work tired." << endl;
		}
		else {
			work->setState(new NigthtimeState());
			work->getCurrentState();
		}
	}
};

class NoontimeState : public State {
public:
	void writeProgram(Work* work) {
		if (work->getHour() < 14) {
			cout << "time: " << work->getHour() << ", work hungry." << endl;
		}
		else {
			work->setState(new AfternoonState());
			work->getCurrentState();
		}
	}
};

class FornoonState : public State {
public:
	void writeProgram(Work* work) {
		if (work->getHour() < 12) {
			cout << "time: " << work->getHour() << ", work wonderful." << endl;
		} else {
			work->setState(new NoontimeState());
			work->getCurrentState();
		}
	}
};

Work::Work() {
	state_ = new FornoonState();
}

int main()
{
	Work* work = new Work();

	work->setHour(8);
	work->getCurrentState();

	work->setHour(9);
	work->getCurrentState();

	work->setHour(12);
	work->getCurrentState();

	work->setHour(15);
	work->getCurrentState();

	work->setHour(17);
	work->getCurrentState();

	work->setHour(19);
	work->getCurrentState();

	work->setFinish(true);
	work->getCurrentState();

	work->setHour(21);
	work->getCurrentState();

	SAFE_DELETE(work);

	return 0;
}

github源码路径：https://github.com/dangwei-90/Design-Mode

持续更新中