超越昨天的自己系列(2)
1、P2P模型
在P2P模型中,有下列概念:消息队列(Queue)、发送者(Sender)、接收者(Receiver)。每个消息都被发送到一个特定的队 列,接收者从队列中获取消息。队列保留着消息,直到它们被消费或超时 。
每个消息只有一个消费者 (Consumer)(即一旦被消费,消息就不再在消息队列中)
发送者和接收者之间在时间上没有依赖性 ,也就是说当发送者发送了消息之后,不管接收者有没有正在运行,它不会影响到消息被发送到队列。
接收者在成功接收消息之后需向队列应答成功
如果你希望发送的每个消息都应该被成功处理 的话,那么你需要P2P模型。
适用场合:想让接收者进行且只进行一次处理
customer:
import javax.jms.Connection; public class Consumer { private static String brokerURL = "tcp://localhost:61616"; private static transient ConnectionFactory factory; private transient Connection connection; private transient Session session; private String jobs[] = new String[]{"suspend", "delete"}; public Consumer() throws JMSException { factory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory(brokerURL); connection = factory.createConnection(); connection.start(); session = connection.createSession(false, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE); } public void close() throws JMSException { if (connection != null) { connection.close(); } } public static void main(String[] args) throws JMSException { Consumer consumer = new Consumer(); for (String job : consumer.jobs) { Destination destination = consumer.getSession().createQueue("JOBS." + job); MessageConsumer messageConsumer = consumer.getSession().createConsumer(destination); messageConsumer.setMessageListener(new Listener(job)); } } public Session getSession() { return session; } }
listener:
import javax.jms.Message; public class Listener implements MessageListener { private String job; public Listener(String job) { this.job = job; } public void onMessage(Message message) { try { //do something here System.out.println(job + " id:" + ((ObjectMessage)message).getObject()); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
publish:
import javax.jms.Connection; public class Publisher { private static String brokerURL = "tcp://localhost:61616"; private static transient ConnectionFactory factory; private transient Connection connection; private transient Session session; private transient MessageProducer producer; private static int count = 10; private static int total; private static int id = 1000000; private String jobs[] = new String[]{"suspend", "delete"}; public Publisher() throws JMSException { factory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory(brokerURL); connection = factory.createConnection(); connection.start(); session = connection.createSession(false, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE); producer = session.createProducer(null); } public void close() throws JMSException { if (connection != null) { connection.close(); } } public static void main(String[] args) throws JMSException { Publisher publisher = new Publisher(); while (total < 1000) { for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { publisher.sendMessage(); } total += count; System.out.println("Published '" + count + "' of '" + total + "' job messages"); try { Thread.sleep(1000); } catch (InterruptedException x) { } } publisher.close(); } public void sendMessage() throws JMSException { int idx = 0; while (true) { idx = (int)Math.round(jobs.length * Math.random()); if (idx < jobs.length) { break; } } String job = jobs[idx]; Destination destination = session.createQueue("JOBS." + job); Message message = session.createObjectMessage(id++); System.out.println("Sending: id: " + ((ObjectMessage)message).getObject() + " on queue: " + destination); producer.send(destination, message); } }
pub/sub方式 :
概念:topic,publisher,subscriber,主题,发布者,订阅者三个角色。主题和订阅者是一对多关系,一个主题可以被多个订阅者订 阅。当发布者向某个主题发送一条消息时,所有的订阅者都会收到。
如何理解订阅的概念呢,个人理解,分两种情况:
一、 创建一个订阅者时使用session.createDurableSubscriber(topic, clientId )方法创建为持久型订阅者时,该topic和clientId的订阅关系将被保存在服务器上,即产生了订阅关系。这样clientId这个id的订阅者将 在离线的时候,也不会丢失消息。这个订阅关系也可以理解为被持久化在jms服务器上了,使用jmx的监视控制台(我使用的activeMq),可以看到有 一个Subscription的节点,下面有你订阅主题时给定的客户端名字。可以使用unsubscribe 方法 取消订阅关系。
二、 创建一个非持久化方式的订阅者时,只有在客户端订阅者连接到jms服务器时,订阅关系成立,订阅者离线时,订阅关系即取消,不会保存在服务器上,这也是非 持久化方式订阅者不能离线接收消息的原因吧。默认为广播方式,在没有订阅者连接到服务器时,发送的消息将丢失,不会保存在服务器。
subSession.createConsumer(destination);
subSession.createSubscriber(topic);
subSession.createDurableSubscriber(topic, name); //name 是 一个jms 用来区别定阅者的id
取消定阅
subscriber.close();
session.unsubscribe(name); //只对持久定阅,
customer:
import javax.jms.Connection; public class Consumer { private static String brokerURL = "tcp://localhost:61616"; private static transient ConnectionFactory factory; private transient Connection connection; private transient Session session; public Consumer() throws JMSException { factory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory(brokerURL); connection = factory.createConnection(); connection.start(); /* 通知方式 效果 DUPS_OK_ACKNOWLEDGE session延迟通知。如果JMS服务器宕机,会造成重复消息的情况。程序必须保证处理重复消息而不引起程序逻辑的混乱。 AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE 当receive或MessageListener方法成功返回后自动通知。 CLIENT_ACKNOWLEDGE 客户端调用消息的acknowledge方法通知 */ session = connection.createSession(false, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE); } public void close() throws JMSException { if (connection != null) { connection.close(); } } public static void main(String[] args) throws JMSException { Consumer consumer = new Consumer(); for (String stock : args) { Destination destination = consumer.getSession().createTopic("STOCKS." + stock); // A client uses a MessageConsumer object to receive messages from a destination MessageConsumer messageConsumer = consumer.getSession().createConsumer(destination); // 注册一个Message Listener,实现异步 messageConsumer.setMessageListener(new Listener()); } } public Session getSession() { return session; } }
listener:
import java.text.DecimalFormat; //A MessageListener object is used to receive asynchronously delivered messages public class Listener implements MessageListener { // 处理message public void onMessage(Message message) { try { MapMessage map = (MapMessage)message; String stock = map.getString("stock"); double price = map.getDouble("price"); double offer = map.getDouble("offer"); boolean up = map.getBoolean("up"); DecimalFormat df = new DecimalFormat( "#,###,###,##0.00" ); System.out.println(stock + "\t" + df.format(price) + "\t" + df.format(offer) + "\t" + (up?"up":"down")); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
Publisher:
import java.util.Hashtable; public class Publisher { protected int MAX_DELTA_PERCENT = 1; protected Map<String, Double> LAST_PRICES = new Hashtable<String, Double>(); protected static int count = 10; protected static int total; protected static String brokerURL = "tcp://localhost:61616"; protected static transient ConnectionFactory factory; protected transient Connection connection; protected transient Session session; protected transient MessageProducer producer; public Publisher() throws JMSException { factory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory(brokerURL); connection = factory.createConnection(); try { connection.start(); } catch (JMSException jmse) { connection.close(); throw jmse; } session = connection.createSession(false, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE); producer = session.createProducer(null); } public void close() throws JMSException { if (connection != null) { connection.close(); } } public static void main(String[] args) throws JMSException { Publisher publisher = new Publisher(); while (total < 1000) { for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { publisher.sendMessage(args); } total += count; System.out.println("Published '" + count + "' of '" + total + "' price messages"); try { Thread.sleep(1000); } catch (InterruptedException x) { } } publisher.close(); } protected void sendMessage(String[] stocks) throws JMSException { int idx = 0; while (true) { idx = (int)Math.round(stocks.length * Math.random()); if (idx < stocks.length) { break; } } String stock = stocks[idx]; // Topic和Queue都继承与Destination,也就这两种模式 Destination destination = session.createTopic("STOCKS." + stock); Message message = createStockMessage(stock, session); System.out.println("Sending: " + ((ActiveMQMapMessage)message).getContentMap() + " on destination: " + destination); producer.send(destination, message); } protected Message createStockMessage(String stock, Session session) throws JMSException { Double value = LAST_PRICES.get(stock); if (value == null) { value = new Double(Math.random() * 100); } // lets mutate the value by some percentage double oldPrice = value.doubleValue(); value = new Double(mutatePrice(oldPrice)); LAST_PRICES.put(stock, value); double price = value.doubleValue(); double offer = price * 1.001; boolean up = (price > oldPrice); MapMessage message = session.createMapMessage(); message.setString("stock", stock); message.setDouble("price", price); message.setDouble("offer", offer); message.setBoolean("up", up); return message; } protected double mutatePrice(double price) { double percentChange = (2 * Math.random() * MAX_DELTA_PERCENT) - MAX_DELTA_PERCENT; return price * (100 + percentChange) / 100; } }
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