Scala构造器 类的属性，主构造器 辅助构造器 私有构造器

类的属性

class Person {
  // val 修饰的属性，系统会自动生成get方法·
  val id: String = "1234"

  // 可以自定义get方法

  def getId(): String = {
    println("self-defined getId")
    this.id
  }

  // var 修饰的属性，系统自动生成get和set方法
  var name: String = " "

  // private var 修饰的属性，系统自动生成private的get和set方法
  // 类的私有字段
  private var gender: Int = 0

  // private this 修饰的属性，系统不会生成get和set方法
  // 只有当前对象可以访问
  private[this] var age: Int = 0

  /* def compare(obj: s17_Person): Int = {
     return this.age - obj.age // obj不能访问age
   }*/
}


object s17_Class {
  def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
    var person = new Person()
    println(person.id)
    println(person.getId())
    person.name = "zhangsan"
    println(person.name)

  }
}

 

构造器 

class Shape {
  var edges = 4
  var name = "Rectangle"
  println("Constructor Study")

  // 自定义辅助构造方法
  def this(edges: Int) {
    // 首先需要调用主构造函数或其他辅助构造函数
    this()
    this.edges = edges
  }

  def this(edges: Int, name: String) {
    this(edges)
    this.name = name
  }

  def compare(s2: Shape): Int = {
    return this.edges - s2.edges
  }
}


class Student(id: String, name: String, age: Int) { // 不加var是作为构造函数的参数
  var grade: Int = 0

  def getId(): String = {
    this.id
  }

  def getName(): String = {
    this.name
  }

  def getAge(): Int = {
    this.age
  }

  def this(id: String, name: String, age: Int, grade: Int) { // 自定义辅助构造函数
    this(id, name, age)
    this.grade = grade
  }


}

/*public class Student
{
  public Student(String id, String name, int age) {}
}*/


class Student1(id: String, var name: String, var age: Int) { // 加var是作为类的属性，自动添加get和set方法
  def getId(): String = {
    this.id
  }

}

class Student2 private(var id: String) {
  var name: String = ""

  def this(id: String, name: String) {
    this(id)
    this.name = name

  }

}

/*
public class Student1
{
  public Student1(String id, String name, int age) {}

  public void age_$eq(int x$1)
  {
    this.age = x$1;
  }

  public int age()
  {
    return this.age;
  }

  public void name_$eq(String x$1)
  {
    this.name = x$1;
  }

  public String name()
  {
    return this.name;
  }
}
*/


object s18_constructor {
  def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
    var sh = new Shape // 调用默认的主构造方法，主构造方法会执行类中所有语句
    println(sh.edges)

    val sh1 = new Shape(3)
    println(sh1.edges)

    val sh2 = new Shape(5, "stars")
    println(sh2.edges + "**" + sh2.name)

    println(sh1.compare(sh2))

    val s = new Student("U201310426", "Shine", 24, grade = 2017)
    // println(s.name) //error 非var定义的不是类的成员，需要自定义get方法进行访问
    println(s.getName())
    println(s.grade) // 类的内部定义的成员，系统会它提供get方法，可以直接访问

    val s1 = new Student1("U201310426", "Shine", 24)
    //  println(s1.id)//error
    println(s1.name) //传入的参数以var或val来说明，那么这个参数会成为类的字段
    println(s1.getId())


    // val s2 = new Student2("123456") // 报错，私有构造器，无法访问
    val s2 = new Student2("123456", "hello")
    println(s2.id + " " + s2.name)

  }

}