shared_ptr的简单实现

shared_ptr：使用引用计数

1. 传入指针的构造函数
2. 拷贝构造函数
3. 赋值函数
4. 析构函数
5. 获取引用计数
6. ->和*的重载

注意事项

1. 构造函数是explicit的，防止smart_ptr< int > sp = p 的使用
2. 计数需要用int*
3. *ptr++是先++的，所以需要括号或者++*ptr

smart_ptr.h

template<typename T>
class smart_ptr
{
	T* ptr;
	int* count;
public:
	explicit smart_ptr(T* p);
	smart_ptr(smart_ptr<T>& other);
	smart_ptr<T>& operator=(smart_ptr<T>& other);
	~smart_ptr();
	int use_count();
	T* operator->();
	T& operator*();
};

smart_ptr.cpp

template<typename T>
smart_ptr<T>::smart_ptr(T* p):
	ptr(p), count(new int(1)) {}

template<typename T>
smart_ptr<T>::smart_ptr(smart_ptr<T>& other)
{
	if (ptr && --*count == 0)
	{
		delete ptr;
		delete count;
	}
	++*other.count;
	ptr = other.ptr;
	count = other.count;
}

template<typename T>
smart_ptr<T>& smart_ptr<T>::operator=(smart_ptr<T>& other)
{
	// TODO: insert return statement here
	if (other.ptr != this->ptr)
	{
		if (ptr && --(*count) == 0)
		{
			delete ptr;
			delete count;
		}
		ptr = other.ptr;
		count = other.count;
		++*count;
	}
	return *this;
}


template<typename T>
smart_ptr<T>::~smart_ptr()
{
	if (ptr && --*count == 0)
	{
		delete ptr;
		delete count;
	}
	ptr = nullptr;
	count = nullptr;
}

template<typename T>
int smart_ptr<T>::use_count()
{
	if (count)
		return *count;
	else
		return 0;
}

template<typename T>
T* smart_ptr<T>::operator->()
{
	return ptr;
}

template<typename T>
T& smart_ptr<T>::operator*()
{
	return *ptr;
}