Centos7 内存、磁盘释放空间

在开发过程中经常使用 Centos 虚拟机进行测试，虚拟机配置一般较低，经常出现内存不足或者空间不足的情况。本文档主要记录 Centos7 内存、磁盘释放空间的方法。

内存占满，释放内存

[eln@localhost ~]$ su
密码：
[root@localhost eln]# free -m
              total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
Mem:           7805        3379         202          74        4223        3898
Swap:          2047           0        2047
[root@localhost eln]# sync
[root@localhost eln]# echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches
[root@localhost eln]# free -m
              total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
Mem:           7805        3220        3963          74         621        4129
Swap:          2047           0        2047

磁盘空间不足

查看磁盘空间：

[eln@localhost ~]$ df -h
 文件系统                 容量  已用  可用 已用% 挂载点
 /dev/mapper/centos-root   39G   27G   13G   69% /
 devtmpfs                 3.8G     0  3.8G    0% /dev
 tmpfs                    3.9G   25M  3.8G    1% /dev/shm
 tmpfs                    3.9G   17M  3.8G    1% /run
 tmpfs                    3.9G     0  3.9G    0% /sys/fs/cgroup
 /dev/sda1                497M  215M  283M   44% /boot
 /dev/mapper/centos-home   19G   19G   44M  100% /home
 tmpfs                    781M   44K  781M    1% /run/user/1000

删除 pip 缓存：

[eln@localhost ~]$ rm -rf ~/.cache/pip

确定哪块磁盘占用率高，切换到这块磁盘检查一下这块磁盘的哪个文件夹占用高，再逐层去查找。（下面仅清除无用的缓存文件）

[eln@localhost ~]$ cd /home/eln/.cache
[eln@localhost .cache]$ du -sh *
4.0K	abrt
12K	event-sound-cache.tdb.localhost.localdomain.x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu
0	evolution
0	folks
532K	fontconfig
8.0K	gdm
12K	gnome-calculator
0	gnome-control-center
0	gnome-screenshot
0	gnome-shell
976K	gnome-software
202M	google-chrome
488K	gstreamer-1.0
252K	ibus
8.0K	imsettings
156K	matplotlib
0	media-art
306M	mozilla
0	obexd
997M	pip
164K	qt_compose_cache_little_endian_localhost.localdomain
4.1M	rhythmbox
0	RStudio
800K	shotwell
181M	thumbnails
0	totem
122M	tracker
2.1G	vmware
16K	webkit
0	yelp

[eln@localhost .cache]$ cd vmware/
[eln@localhost vmware]$ du -sh *
2.1G	drag_and_drop

[eln@localhost vmware]$ cd drag_and_drop/
[eln@localhost drag_and_drop]$ du -sh *
108K	0i35tU
544K	55TGGm
40M	czFJGF
1.2G	dwmKJz
8.6M	Ehzq9h
24K	F0RVjg
64K	Giodrj
1.8M	gXtyFu
16K	i0Prbf
53M	Ifj4z2
52M	jfrqyG
41M	Kk8Gsc
116K	ll57fO
12K	LzxNfW
48K	MhK01L
64K	MmQSy6
41M	ntApt7
84K	nZ3W8k
2.2M	pLT8AZ
52M	qLW8sj
605M	sJXq3x
12K	sNISXl
2.2M	tHrRcI
108K	vzn7pi
40M	w4rbWd
40M	wYUkzP
48K	xmTxDt
120K	y5HVJa
2.3M	yxJEc8

[eln@localhost drag_and_drop]$ cd dwmKJz
[eln@localhost dwmKJz]$ du -sh *
45M	new.tar.gz.000
45M	new.tar.gz.001
45M	new.tar.gz.002
45M	new.tar.gz.003
45M	new.tar.gz.004
45M	new.tar.gz.005
45M	new.tar.gz.006
45M	new.tar.gz.007
45M	new.tar.gz.008
45M	new.tar.gz.009
45M	new.tar.gz.010
45M	new.tar.gz.011
45M	new.tar.gz.012
45M	new.tar.gz.013
45M	new.tar.gz.014
45M	new.tar.gz.015
45M	new.tar.gz.016
45M	new.tar.gz.017
45M	new.tar.gz.018
45M	new.tar.gz.019
45M	new.tar.gz.020
45M	new.tar.gz.021
45M	new.tar.gz.022
45M	new.tar.gz.023
45M	new.tar.gz.024
15M	new.tar.gz.025
[eln@localhost dwmKJz]$ cd ..
[eln@localhost drag_and_drop]$ rm -rf dwmKJz

再次查看磁盘空间：

[eln@localhost drag_and_drop]$ df -h
文件系统                 容量  已用  可用 已用% 挂载点
/dev/mapper/centos-root   39G   24G   16G   61% /
devtmpfs                 3.8G     0  3.8G    0% /dev
tmpfs                    3.9G   25M  3.8G    1% /dev/shm
tmpfs                    3.9G   26M  3.8G    1% /run
tmpfs                    3.9G     0  3.9G    0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/loop1               134M  134M     0  100% /var/lib/snapd/snap/mathpix-snipping-tool/35
/dev/loop0                90M   90M     0  100% /var/lib/snapd/snap/core/6673
/dev/mapper/centos-home   19G   15G  4.5G   77% /home
/dev/sda1                497M  215M  283M   44% /boot
tmpfs                    781M   52K  781M    1% /run/user/1000

查看各文件夹大小：

[eln@localhost ~]$ du -h --max-depth=1 .
47M	./.mozilla
57M	./.config
1.6M	./桌面
219M	./下载
0	./模板
416K	./文档
79M	./音乐
13M	./图片
0	./视频
32M	./.local
0	./.redhat
5.4G	./anaconda2
49M	./.vscode
4.0K	./.conda
2.2G	./.PyCharm2017.2
212K	./.java
4.0K	./.gnome
16K	./.astropy
721M	./PycharmProjects
40K	./.ipython
28K	./.pki
8.0K	./.jupyter
18M	./.gephi
24K	./.ssh
500K	./.ivy2
675M	./R
1.7M	./.rstudio-desktop
24K	./.subversion
1.9G	./docker
4.0K	./.keras
684K	./.gstreamer-0.10
0	./公共
24M	./.npm
221M	./doc
4.0K	./.docker
60K	./testpic
6.4M	./snap
4.0K	./.cache
605M	./program
0	./.adobe
68M	./tmp
12K	./.gnupg
8.0K	./.wireshark
96K	./.macromedia
1.1G	./.cache_bak
14G	.

下一篇，将介绍 Centos7 虚拟机扩展磁盘 的方法，以解决虚拟机磁盘空间不足的问题。