C++语言99个常见编程错误 26使用#define定义的伪函数（函数宏）

26使用#define定义的伪函数（函数宏）
  C语言中，#define经常被用来定义伪函数，避免函数调用的开销带来的效率的重要性被置于
安全性之上。
  在C++语言中，inline函数几乎在任何时候都是相对于伪函数而言更佳的选择。

  宏被用作伪函数时，仍然饱受将其用于显式常量时所遭遇的作用域问题之苦。

  

execbump.cpp
#include <iostream>

// Uncomment only one symbol!
//#define MACRO
//#define FUNCTION
#define MONOSTATE

#ifdef MACRO

int kount = 0;

#define execBump( func ) (func(), ++kount)

void aFunc() {
    extern void g();
    int kount = 0;
    while( kount++ < 10 )
        execBump( g ); 
	//对局部变量（而非全局变量）kount做了自增操作
}

void g() { std::cout << "Called g, kount = " << kount << std::endl; }

#endif
//=================================================
#ifdef FUNCTION

int kount = 0;

inline void execBump( void (*func)() )
    { func(); ++kount; }
    
void aFunc() {
    extern void g();
    int kount = 0;
    while( kount++ < 10 )
        execBump( g ); // increment local count!
}

void g() { std::cout << "Called g, kount = " << kount << std::endl; }

#endif
//=================================================
#ifdef MONOSTATE
class ExecBump { // 单态设计模式
  public:
    void operator ()( void (*func)() )
        { func(); ++count_; }
    int get_count() const
    	{ return count_; }
  private:
    static int count_;
};

int ExecBump::count_ = 0;

void aFunc() {
    extern void g();
    ExecBump exec;
    int kount = 0;
    while( kount++ < 10 )
        exec( g );
}

void g() { std::cout << "Called g, count = " << ExecBump().get_count() << std::endl; }

#endif

int main() {
	aFunc();
	getchar();
	return 0;
}

输出
Called g, count = 0
Called g, count = 1
Called g, count = 2
Called g, count = 3
Called g, count = 4
Called g, count = 5
Called g, count = 6
Called g, count = 7
Called g, count = 8
Called g, count = 9