在 C++ 中,const 也可以用来修饰对象,称为常对象。一旦将对象定义为常对象之后,就只能调用类的 const 成员(包括 const 成员变量和 const 成员函数)了。
定义常对象的语法和定义常量的语法类似:
常对象使用举例:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Student{
public:
Student(char *name, int age, float score);
public:
void show();
char *getname() const;
int getage() const;
float getscore() const;
private:
char *m_name;
int m_age;
float m_score;
};
Student::Student(char *name, int age, float score): m_name(name), m_age(age), m_score(score){ }
void Student::show(){
cout<<m_name<<"的年龄是"<<m_age<<",成绩是"<<m_score<<endl;
}
char * Student::getname() const{
return m_name;
}
int Student::getage() const{
return m_age;
}
float Student::getscore() const{
return m_score;
}
int main(){
const Student stu("小明", 15, 90.6);
//stu.show(); //error
cout<<stu.getname()<<"的年龄是"<<stu.getage()<<",成绩是"<<stu.getscore()<<endl;
const Student *pstu = new Student("李磊", 16, 80.5);
//pstu -> show(); //error
cout<<pstu->getname()<<"的年龄是"<<pstu->getage()<<",成绩是"<<pstu->getscore()<<endl;
return 0;
}