c# json解析（反序列化）、json规范化

使用.NETFramework3.5/4.0中提供的System.Web.Script.Serialization命名空间下的JavaScriptSerializer类进行对象的序列化与反序列化，很直接。要求当前的工程的TargetFramework要改成.Net Framework 4，不能使用Client Profile。

    JavaScriptSerializer serializer = new JavaScriptSerializer();
    Dictionary<string, object> dic = (Dictionary<string,object>)serializer.DeserializeObject(json);
    if (dic.ContainsKey("键值"))
	dic["键值"].ToString();

使用开源的类库Newtonsoft.Json

• 使用JsonReader读Json字符串

    string jsonText = @"{""input"" : ""value"", ""output"" : ""result""}";
	JsonReader reader = new JsonTextReader(new StringReader(jsonText));
	while (reader.Read())
	{
		Console.WriteLine(reader.TokenType + "\t\t" + reader.ValueType + "\t\t" + reader.Value);
	}

• 使用JsonSerializer读写对象(基于JsonWriter与JsonReader)

       数组型数据

    string jsonArrayText1 = "[{'a':'a1','b':'b1'},{'a':'a2','b':'b2'}]";
	JArray ja = (JArray)JsonConvert.DeserializeObject(jsonArrayText1);
	string ja1a = ja[1]["a"].ToString();
	//或者
	JObject o = (JObject)ja[1];
	string oa = o["a"].ToString();

•        嵌套格式

    string jsonText = "{\"beijing\":{\"zone\":\"海淀\",\"zone_en\":\"haidian\"}}";
	JObject jo = (JObject)JsonConvert.DeserializeObject(jsonText);
	string zone = jo["beijing"]["zone"].ToString();
	string zone_en = jo["beijing"]["zone_en"].ToString();

• DataTable 转换成 Json 

using Newtonsoft.Json;
 
   public string DataTableToJsonWithJsonNet(DataTable table)
   { 
    string JsonString=string.Empty; 
    JsonString = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(table); 
    return JsonString; 

    //反序列化
    //DataTable api_Table = Newtonsoft.Json.JsonConvert.DeserializeObject(text,typeof(DataTable)) as DataTable;
   }

        自定义类

    DataserviceParam p = new DataserviceParam() { tableName = "tableName", schema = "schema" };//写入
	JsonSerializer serializer = new JsonSerializer();
	StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();
	serializer.Serialize(new JsonTextWriter(sw), p);
	string Jsondata = sw.GetStringBuilder().ToString();
	Console.WriteLine(Jsondata);//打印
	//输出
	FileStream fs = File.Open(strJsonPath, FileMode.OpenOrCreate,     FileAccess.Write);//pathJson
        fs.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin);
        fs.SetLength(0); //清空txt文件
        StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(fs);
	Jsondata=ConvertJsonString(str);
        sw.Write(Jsondata);
        sw.Flush();
        sw.Close();
        fs.Close();

	DataserviceParam lstjsonDeserialize = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<DataserviceParam>(json);
	string tableName = lstjsonDeserialize.tableName;//按键名输出

public class DataserviceParam
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 表名
        /// </summary>
        public string tableName { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 模式
        /// </summary>
        public string schema { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 数据id
        /// </summary>
        public string dataId { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 地图id
        /// </summary>
        public string mapId { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 数据过滤条件
        /// </summary>
        public string filter { get; set; }
    }

	/// <summary>
        /// json规格化
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="str">json串</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string ConvertJsonString(string str)
        {
            JsonSerializer serializer = new JsonSerializer();
            TextReader tr = new StringReader(str);
            JsonTextReader jtr = new JsonTextReader(tr);
            object obj = serializer.Deserialize(jtr);
            if (obj != null)
            {
                StringWriter textWriter = new StringWriter();
                JsonTextWriter jsonWriter = new JsonTextWriter(textWriter)
                {
                    Formatting = Formatting.Indented,
                    Indentation = 4,
                    IndentChar = ' '
                };
                serializer.Serialize(jsonWriter, obj);
                return textWriter.ToString();
            }
            else
            {
                return str;
            }
        }

额外说明：sql在存储json时需要把json中的单引号替换为双引号

  strjJson = strjJson.Replace("\'", "\"");