（4.1.21.2）Android Thread

• 创建新线程的常用方式：

     1. 直接使用Thread创建 
         Thread thread = new Thread(); 
         thread.start(); 
    2. 扩展java.lang.Thread类 
         Thread类的定义public class Threadextends Object implements Runnable(){…} 
  扩展Thread类的实质其实也是实现Runnable接口,只不过Thread类继承了Object类方法 
    3. 实现Runnable接口

  具体代码：

    1. 扩展java.lang.Thread类 
  public class test3_4  extends Activity  { 
      protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { 
          super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); 
          setContentView(R.layout.main); 
          MyThread myThread = new MyThread(); 
          myThread.start(); 
      } 
      class MyThread extends Thread{

           public void run() { 
              System.out.println("zz"); 
          }   
     } 
  }

  注：看见网上有人举这个例子 
          MyThread myThread = new MyThread(); 
          myThread.start(); 
          myThread.start(); 
          myThread.start(); 
  我在模拟器上测试了运行不过，不能得到预期结果。不知道为什么！runnable的也不行！

  2. 实现Runnable接口 
  public class test3_4  extends Activity { 
      protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { 
          super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); 
          setContentView(R.layout.main); 
          MyThread myThread = new MyThread(); 
          new Thread(myThread).start(); 
      } 
      class MyThread implements Runnable{ 
          public void run() { 
              System.out.println("zz"); 
          }    
      } 
  }

  或者

  public class test3_4  extends Activity implements OnClickListener, Runnable{ 
       private Button button; 
       private TextView text; 
      protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { 
          super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); 
          setContentView(R.layout.main); 
          button = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button); 
          text = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.text); 
          button.setOnClickListener(this); 
      }

      public void onClick(View v) { 
          Thread thread = new Thread(this); 
          thread.start(); 
      }

      public void run() { 
          System.out.println("zz"); 
      } 
  }

  经典实例：

  多个窗口一起卖火车票问题。假设有3个窗口同时售票，共有10张火车票代售。启动三个线程卖共同的10张票。

  1. 使用下面的代码试图实现功能

  public class test3_5  extends Activity implements OnClickListener{ 
       private Button button; 
       private TextView text; 
      protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { 
          super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); 
          setContentView(R.layout.main); 
          button = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button); 
          text = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.text); 
          button.setOnClickListener(this); 
      }

      public void onClick(View v) { 
          MyThread myThread1 = new MyThread(); 
          MyThread myThread2= new MyThread(); 
          MyThread myThread3 = new MyThread(); 
          myThread1.start(); 
          myThread2.start(); 
          myThread3.start(); 
      } 
      class MyThread extends Thread{ 
          private int tickets = 10; 
          public void run() { 
              for(int i = 0; i< 200; i++){ 
                  if(tickets > 0) 
                  { 
                      System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "==>" + tickets--); 
                  } 
              } 
          } 
      } 
  }

  运行结果：

  05-11 08:24:09.426: INFO/System.out(6331): Thread-8==>10 
  05-11 08:24:09.457: INFO/System.out(6331): Thread-8==>9 
  05-11 08:24:09.526: INFO/System.out(6331): Thread-8==>8 
  05-11 08:24:09.548: INFO/System.out(6331): Thread-8==>7 
  05-11 08:24:09.556: INFO/System.out(6331): Thread-8==>6 
  05-11 08:24:09.556: INFO/System.out(6331): Thread-8==>5 
  05-11 08:24:09.576: INFO/System.out(6331): Thread-8==>4 
  05-11 08:24:09.597: INFO/System.out(6331): Thread-10==>10 
  05-11 08:24:09.606: INFO/System.out(6331): Thread-10==>9 
  05-11 08:24:09.606: INFO/System.out(6331): Thread-10==>8 
  05-11 08:24:09.648: INFO/System.out(6331): Thread-8==>3 
  05-11 08:24:09.656: INFO/System.out(6331): Thread-9==>10 
  05-11 08:24:09.656: INFO/System.out(6331): Thread-9==>9 
  05-11 08:24:09.666: INFO/System.out(6331): Thread-8==>2 
  05-11 08:24:09.666: INFO/System.out(6331): Thread-8==>1 
  05-11 08:24:09.686: INFO/System.out(6331): Thread-9==>8 
  05-11 08:24:09.686: INFO/System.out(6331): Thread-10==>7 
  05-11 08:24:09.686: INFO/System.out(6331): Thread-10==>6 
  05-11 08:24:09.737: INFO/System.out(6331): Thread-9==>7 
  05-11 08:24:09.746: INFO/System.out(6331): Thread-9==>6 
  05-11 08:24:09.746: INFO/System.out(6331): Thread-9==>5 
  05-11 08:24:09.766: INFO/System.out(6331): Thread-10==>5 
  05-11 08:24:09.776: INFO/System.out(6331): Thread-10==>4 
  05-11 08:24:09.776: INFO/System.out(6331): Thread-10==>3 
  05-11 08:24:09.776: INFO/System.out(6331): Thread-10==>2 
  05-11 08:24:09.846: INFO/System.out(6331): Thread-9==>4 
  05-11 08:24:09.846: INFO/System.out(6331): Thread-9==>3 
  05-11 08:24:09.846: INFO/System.out(6331): Thread-9==>2 
  05-11 08:24:09.886: INFO/System.out(6331): Thread-9==>1 
  05-11 08:24:09.886: INFO/System.out(6331): Thread-10==>1

  分析：

  运行结果与预期不一致，分析可以看出3个线程各种卖各自的10张票，而不是共同的10张票。

  在上面的代码中，只能保证：每个线程都将启动，每个线程都将运行直到完成。一系列线程以某种顺序启动并不意味着将按该顺序执行。对于任何一组启动的线程来说，调度程序不能保证其执行次序，持续时间也无法保证。

  2. 只修改onClick里面的代码，并分析运行结果

  public void onClick(View v) { 
      //实例化线程对象 
      MyThread myThread = new MyThread(); 
      new Thread(myThread, "窗口1").start(); 
      new Thread(myThread, "窗口2").start(); 
      new Thread(myThread, "窗口3").start(); 
  }

  运行结果：

  05-11 08:41:50.946: INFO/System.out(6790): 窗口2==>10 
  05-11 08:41:50.956: INFO/System.out(6790): 窗口2==>8 
  05-11 08:41:50.986: INFO/System.out(6790): 窗口1==>9 
  05-11 08:41:50.996: INFO/System.out(6790): 窗口1==>5 
  05-11 08:41:51.006: INFO/System.out(6790): 窗口1==>4 
  05-11 08:41:51.018: INFO/System.out(6790): 窗口2==>6 
  05-11 08:41:51.018: INFO/System.out(6790): 窗口2==>3 
  05-11 08:41:51.026: INFO/System.out(6790): 窗口2==>2 
  05-11 08:41:51.036: INFO/System.out(6790): 窗口1==>1 
  05-11 08:41:51.046: INFO/System.out(6790): 窗口3==>7

  分析：

  我认为此处3个窗口已经是在卖共同的10张票了，只不过由于没有进行线程同步才造成数据混乱。

  线程的同步是为了防止多个线程访问一个数据对象时，对数据造成的破坏。

  3. 下面继续修改代码，验证我刚得猜测。

  public void onClick(View v) { 
      //实例化线程对象 
      MyThread myThread = new MyThread(); 
      new Thread(myThread, "窗口1").start(); 
      new Thread(myThread, "窗口2").start(); 
      new Thread(myThread, "窗口3").start(); 
  }

  class MyThread extends Thread{ 
      private int tickets = 10; 
      public void run() { 
          for(int i = 0; i< 200; i++){ 
                  sell(); 
          } 
      } 
      public synchronized  void sell(){ 
              if(tickets > 0) 
              { 
                  System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "==>" + tickets--); 
              } 
      } 
  }

  运行结果：

  05-11 08:53:31.986: INFO/System.out(7116): 窗口1==>10 
  05-11 08:53:32.006: INFO/System.out(7116): 窗口1==>9 
  05-11 08:53:32.016: INFO/System.out(7116): 窗口1==>8 
  05-11 08:53:32.066: INFO/System.out(7116): 窗口1==>7 
  05-11 08:53:32.086: INFO/System.out(7116): 窗口1==>6 
  05-11 08:53:32.106: INFO/System.out(7116): 窗口1==>5 
  05-11 08:53:32.106: INFO/System.out(7116): 窗口1==>4 
  05-11 08:53:32.126: INFO/System.out(7116): 窗口1==>3 
  05-11 08:53:32.146: INFO/System.out(7116): 窗口1==>2 
  05-11 08:53:32.146: INFO/System.out(7116): 窗口1==>1

  分析：

  一个对象只有一个锁。所以，如果一个线程获得该锁，就没有其他线程可以获得锁，直到第一个线程释放（或返回）锁。这也意味着任何其他线程都不能进入该对象上的synchronized方法或代码块，直到该锁被释放。

  释放锁是指持锁线程退出了synchronized同步方法或代码块。

  上述代码没有Thread.sleep(10)，换句话说线程一一直处于运行状态，没有释放锁，没有给其他线程运行的机会。

  4. 根据上述分析，修改代码如下：

  public void onClick(View v) { 
          //实例化线程对象 
          MyThread myThread = new MyThread(); 
          new Thread(myThread, "窗口1").start(); 
          new Thread(myThread, "窗口2").start(); 
          new Thread(myThread, "窗口3").start(); 
      } 
      class MyThread extends Thread{ 
          private int tickets = 10; 
          public void run() { 
              for(int i = 0; i< 200; i++){ 
                  try{ 
                      sell(); 
                      Thread.sleep(10); 
                  }catch (InterruptedException e) { 
                      System.out.println("我被打断了" + Thread.currentThread().getName()); 
                      e.printStackTrace(); 
                  }

              } 
          } 
          public synchronized  void sell(){ 
                  if(tickets > 0) 
                  { 
                      System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "==>" + tickets--); 
                  } 
          } 
      }

  运行结果：

  05-11 09:17:07.496: INFO/System.out(7898): 窗口1==>10 
  05-11 09:17:07.528: INFO/System.out(7898): 窗口1==>9 
  05-11 09:17:07.546: INFO/System.out(7898): 窗口1==>8 
  05-11 09:17:07.577: INFO/System.out(7898): 窗口1==>7 
  05-11 09:17:07.626: INFO/System.out(7898): 窗口3==>6 
  05-11 09:17:07.626: INFO/System.out(7898): 窗口2==>5 
  05-11 09:17:07.636: INFO/System.out(7898): 窗口1==>4 
  05-11 09:17:07.646: INFO/System.out(7898): 窗口2==>3 
  05-11 09:17:07.646: INFO/System.out(7898): 窗口1==>2 
  05-11 09:17:07.656: INFO/System.out(7898): 窗口3==>1

  分析：

  此次得出的正是我们想要的结果！O(∩_∩)O~

  5. 使用实现Runnable接口的方法重新实现上述功能

  public void onClick(View v) { 
          //实例化线程对象 
          MyThread myThread = new MyThread(); 
          new Thread(myThread, "窗口1").start(); 
          new Thread(myThread, "窗口2").start(); 
          new Thread(myThread, "窗口3").start(); 
      } 
      class MyThread implements Runnable{ 
          private int tickets = 10; 
          public void run() { 
              for(int i = 0; i< 200; i++){ 
                  try{ 
                      sell(); 
                      Thread.sleep(10); 
                  }catch (InterruptedException e) { 
                      System.out.println("我被打断了" + Thread.currentThread().getName()); 
                      e.printStackTrace(); 
                  }

              } 
          } 
          public synchronized  void sell(){ 
                  if(tickets > 0) 
                  { 
                      System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "==>" + tickets--); 
                  } 
          }

  关于线程的理解个人推荐一篇非常棒的文章，里面对java线程进行的详细的总结，仔细阅读必有收获！

  http://lavasoft.blog.51cto.com/62575/27069/