曾经使用过Spring和Spring mvc 但是之后多使用框架开发,渐渐淡忘。为拾起来特写此博文,其中参考了很多文章和例子,也报了很多错误幸亏有互联网让我们能够找到适合自己的答案。(PS:网上很多发布的都没有经过测试,导致各种问题),不多说来来来我们坐下谈谈Spring mvc
首先我使用的是使用Maven创建的web项目,具体做法“右键--选中Maven Project” 然后创建工程。详情不懂的请参考我的另一篇文章使用Maven创建web项目
创建成功共我们的目录结构总体是这样的
1.第一步 pom.xml
既然要使用Spring 和 Spring mvc 必须引用相关的JAR文件 (ps:最下面的build几点可以忽略我之所以贴上是保证完整性)
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.flower.dujiaohao</groupId>
<artifactId>dujiaohao</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<name>dujiaohao</name>
<dependencies>
<!-- spring mvc 相关配置 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>4.3.3.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId>
<version>4.3.3.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>4.3.3.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>4.3.3.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>4.3.3.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>4.3.3.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
<version>4.3.3.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>4.3.3.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>4.3.3.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>4.3.3.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>4.3.3.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<scope>provided</scope>
<version>3.0.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mybatis配置 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.2.6</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.2.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.annotation</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.annotation-api</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 导入Mysql数据库链接jar包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.30</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 导入dbcp的jar包,用来在applicationContext.xml中配置数据库 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
<version>1.2.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.17</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 映入JSON -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
<version>2.1.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.1.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
<version>2.1.0</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<!-- 加上这个配置就会规避 pom.xml的war处出现failOnMissingWebXml的错误,且web工程不必使用web.xml -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.1.1</version>
<configuration>
<!-- 这段配置为指定项目中web.xml的位置,但我使用了failOnMissingWebXml配置故注释掉此段
<warSourceDirectory>
${basedir}/src/main/webapp
</warSourceDirectory>
<webXml>${basedir}/src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/web.xml</webXml> -->
<failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
2.第二步 配置web.xml。现在有两种配置方法第一种为使用配置文件,另一种使用0配置方式,也就是把配置文件写到代码中进行管理。我们这次就是用最广泛使用的第一种方式进行配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance http://www.springmodules.org/schema/cache/springmodules-cache.xsd http://www.springmodules.org/schema/cache/springmodules-ehcache.xsd"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
<!-- Spring和mybatis的配置文件 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-mybatis.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- 编码过滤器 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<async-supported>true</async-supported>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!--Spring监听器 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!--防止Spring内存溢出监听器 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.IntrospectorCleanupListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 配置DispatchcerServlet -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!-- 配置Spring mvc下的配置文件的位置和名称 -->
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springconf/springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.css</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.gif</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.jpg</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.js</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.html</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>/views/index.html</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
配置的Servlet-mapping可以使我们访问.html文件不必非是.jsp
第三步 配置springmvc-servlet.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">
<!-- 配置自动扫描的包 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.flower.dujiaohao.controllers"></context:component-scan>
<!-- 默认的注解映射的支持 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven />
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter">
<property name="messageConverters">
<list >
<ref bean="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter" />
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<!--避免IE执行AJAX时,返回JSON出现下载文件 -->
<bean id="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter" class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">
<property name="supportedMediaTypes">
<list>
<value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 配置视图解析器 如何把handler 方法返回值解析为实际的物理视图 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name = "prefix" value="/views/"></property>
<property name = "suffix" value = ".html"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
第四步 配置MyBatis和Spring结合的配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">
<!-- 自动扫描 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.flower.dujiaohao" />
<!-- 引入配置文件 -->
<bean id="propertyConfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
<property name="location" value="classpath:jdbc.properties" />
</bean>
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${driver}" />
<property name="url" value="${url}" />
<property name="username" value="${username}" />
<property name="password" value="${password}" />
<!-- 初始化连接大小 -->
<property name="initialSize" value="${initialSize}"></property>
<!-- 连接池最大数量 -->
<property name="maxActive" value="${maxActive}"></property>
<!-- 连接池最大空闲 -->
<property name="maxIdle" value="${maxIdle}"></property>
<!-- 连接池最小空闲 -->
<property name="minIdle" value="${minIdle}"></property>
<!-- 获取连接最大等待时间 -->
<property name="maxWait" value="${maxWait}"></property>
</bean>
<!-- spring和MyBatis完美整合,不需要mybatis的配置映射文件 -->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<!-- 自动扫描mapping.xml文件 -->
<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:com/flower/dujiaohao/mapping/*.xml"></property>
</bean>
<!-- DAO接口所在包名,Spring会自动查找其下的类 -->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="basePackage" value="com.flower.dujiaohao.dao" />
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"></property>
</bean>
<!-- (事务管理)transaction manager, use JtaTransactionManager for global tx -->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
</bean>
</beans>
第五步 配置我们的log4j和jdbc.properties
driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
url=jdbc:mysql://1.1.1.1:3306/test
username=123
password=456
#\u5B9A\u4E49\u521D\u59CB\u8FDE\u63A5\u6570
initialSize=0
#\u5B9A\u4E49\u6700\u5927\u8FDE\u63A5\u6570
maxActive=20
#\u5B9A\u4E49\u6700\u5927\u7A7A\u95F2
maxIdle=20
#\u5B9A\u4E49\u6700\u5C0F\u7A7A\u95F2
minIdle=1
#\u5B9A\u4E49\u6700\u957F\u7B49\u5F85\u65F6\u95F4
maxWait=60000
log4j.rootLogger=INFO,Console,File
#\u5B9A\u4E49\u65E5\u5FD7\u8F93\u51FA\u76EE\u7684\u5730\u4E3A\u63A7\u5236\u53F0
log4j.appender.Console=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.Console.Target=System.out
#\u53EF\u4EE5\u7075\u6D3B\u5730\u6307\u5B9A\u65E5\u5FD7\u8F93\u51FA\u683C\u5F0F\uFF0C\u4E0B\u9762\u4E00\u884C\u662F\u6307\u5B9A\u5177\u4F53\u7684\u683C\u5F0F
log4j.appender.Console.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.Console.layout.ConversionPattern=[%c] - %m%n
#\u6587\u4EF6\u5927\u5C0F\u5230\u8FBE\u6307\u5B9A\u5C3A\u5BF8\u7684\u65F6\u5019\u4EA7\u751F\u4E00\u4E2A\u65B0\u7684\u6587\u4EF6
log4j.appender.File = org.apache.log4j.RollingFileAppender
#\u6307\u5B9A\u8F93\u51FA\u76EE\u5F55
log4j.appender.File.File = D:/logs/ssm.log
#\u5B9A\u4E49\u6587\u4EF6\u6700\u5927\u5927\u5C0F
log4j.appender.File.MaxFileSize = 10MB
# \u8F93\u51FA\u6240\u4EE5\u65E5\u5FD7\uFF0C\u5982\u679C\u6362\u6210DEBUG\u8868\u793A\u8F93\u51FADEBUG\u4EE5\u4E0A\u7EA7\u522B\u65E5\u5FD7
log4j.appender.File.Threshold = ALL
log4j.appender.File.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.File.layout.ConversionPattern =[%p] [%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH\:mm\:ss}][%c]%m%n
这两个配置文件可以自行配置,我这里也是寻找的看着顺眼的代码。
以上配置基本完成,那么我们就该看下我们的java代码如何进行了
HelloWord.java
@Controller
public class HellowWord {
@Resource
private IConsultService consultService;
@RequestMapping("/helloword")
public String hello(HttpServletRequest request,Model model){
System.out.println("aaa");
String id = request.getParameter("id");
String username = consultService.getUsername(Long.valueOf(id));
System.out.println(username+"+++++++++");
model.addAttribute("username", username);
return "success";
}
}
ConsultDao.java
public interface ConsultDao {
int deleteByPrimaryKey(Long consultid);
int insert(Consult record);
int insertSelective(Consult record);
Consult selectByPrimaryKey(Long consultid);
int updateByPrimaryKeySelective(Consult record);
int updateByPrimaryKey(Consult record);
}
ConsultMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" >
<mapper namespace="com.flower.dujiaohao.dao.ConsultDao" >
<resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="com.flower.dujiaohao.pojo.Consult" >
<id column="consultId" property="consultid" jdbcType="BIGINT" />
<result column="empid" property="empid" jdbcType="BIGINT" />
<result column="payid" property="payid" jdbcType="BIGINT" />
<result column="finish_time" property="finishTime" jdbcType="BIGINT" />
<result column="addtime" property="addtime" jdbcType="BIGINT" />
<result column="status" property="status" jdbcType="TINYINT" />
<result column="userid" property="userid" jdbcType="BIGINT" />
<result column="username" property="username" jdbcType="VARCHAR" />
<result column="userphone" property="userphone" jdbcType="VARCHAR" />
</resultMap>
<sql id="Base_Column_List" >
consultId, empid, payid, finish_time, addtime, status, userid, username, userphone
</sql>
<select id="selectByPrimaryKey" resultMap="BaseResultMap" parameterType="java.lang.Long" >
select
<include refid="Base_Column_List" />
from t_lvz_consult
where consultId = #{consultid,jdbcType=BIGINT}
</select>
</mapper>
public interface IConsultService {
public String getUsername(Long consultId);
}
ConsultServiceImpl.java
@Service("consultService")
public class ConsultServiceImpl implements IConsultService{
@Resource
private ConsultDao dao;
public String getUsername(Long consultId) {
return dao.selectByPrimaryKey(consultId).getUsername();
}
}
pojo包不贴了 就是字段和set和get方法没有别的
至此我们访问http://localhost:8088/dujiaohao/helloword?id=38390667235841
好了一个简单mvc+mybatis搭建完成
其中遇到的问题:1.我们在导入mybatis包时pom.xml配置写错 一直抱:
A child container failed during start这个错误 从新配置pom.xml解决
2.
解决。不过这个错误还有很多原因造成这里就不一一解释
运行报错 No adapter for handler
这个错误也是参考例子中com.fasterxml.jackson.core这个pom引用时没有引用全 ,最后加上一段:
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
<version>2.1.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.1.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
<version>2.1.0</version>
</dependency>
解决。不过这个错误还有很多原因造成这里就不一一解释
哦哦哦还有一个就是我的dao,mapping.xml和pojo都是使用mybatis的一个工具直接生成的因此mapping.xml配置文件中的<mapper namespace="com.flower.dujiaohao.dao.ConsultDao" >配置出错导致mybatis无法找到比配的方法。
好了好了就这么多。
至于那个工具参考文档中有提到这个工具,我这里就不多说了 附上地址:http://blog.csdn.net/zhshulin/article/details/23912615
参考文档:http://blog.csdn.net/gebitan505/article/details/44455235/