左式堆的实现

头文件：

#ifndef LeftistHeap_H
#define LeftistHeap_H
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

template< typename T >
struct LeftistNode
{
	T data;
	LeftistNode *left;
	LeftistNode *right;
	int npl;
	LeftistNode(const T & theData,LeftistNode* lt = NULL,
				LeftistNode * rt = NULL,int np = 0)
				:data(theData),left(lt),right(rt),npl(np){}
};

template< typename T >
class LeftistHeap
{
	private:
			LeftistNode< T > *root;
			LeftistNode< T > * mergetree(LeftistNode< T > *h1,LeftistNode< T > *h2);
			LeftistNode< T > * merge(LeftistNode< T > *h1,LeftistNode< T > *h2);
			void swapChildren(LeftistNode< T > *t);
			void Free(LeftistNode< T > *p);
			
	public:
			LeftistHeap();
			LeftistHeap(const T args[],const int n);
			~LeftistHeap();
			bool isEmpty() const;
			T findMin() const;
			
			void Insert(const T &x);
			void deleteMin();
			void makeEmpty();
			void merge(LeftistHeap &rhs);
};
#endif

具体的实现：

#include "LeftistHeap.h"
template< typename T >
LeftistHeap< T > ::LeftistHeap(const T args[],const int n)
{
	int i;
	root = NULL;
	for(i = 0;i < n;++i)
	{
		Insert(args[i]);
	}
}

template< typename T >
LeftistHeap< T > ::~LeftistHeap()
{
	Free(root);
}




template< typename T >
void LeftistHeap< T >::merge(LeftistHeap & rhs)
{
	if(this == &rhs)		//avoid aliasing problems
	{
		return;
	}
	root = merge(root,rhs.root);
	rhs.root = NULL;
}


/**
 * Internal method to merge two roots.
*/
template< typename T >
LeftistNode< T > * LeftistHeap< T > ::merge(LeftistNode< T > *h1,LeftistNode< T > *h2)
{
	if(h1 == NULL)
		return h2;
	if(h2 == NULL)
		return h1;
	if(h1->data < h2->data)
		return mergetree(h1,h2);
	else
		return mergetree(h2,h1);
}


/**
 * Internal method to merge two roots.
 * Assumes trees are not empty,and h1's root contains smallest item
*/
template< typename T > 
LeftistNode< T > * LeftistHeap< T > ::mergetree(LeftistNode< T > *h1,LeftistNode< T > *h2)
{
	if(h1->left == NULL)
		h1->left = h2;
	else
	{
		h1->right = merge(h1->right,h2);
		if(h1->left->npl < h1->right->npl)
			swapChildren(h1);
		h1->npl = h1->right->npl+1;
	}
	return h1;
} 

/**
* Insert x,duplicates allowed
*/
template < typename T >
void LeftistHeap< T >::Insert(const T &x)
{
	root = merge(new LeftistNode< T >(x),root);
}

/**
* Remove the minimum item.
* Throws underflowException if empty
*/
template < typename T >
void LeftistHeap< T > ::deleteMin()
{
	if(isEmpty())
	{
		cerr<<"Error!The heap is empty!";
		exit(1);
	}
	LeftistNode<T> *oldRoot = root;
	root = merge(root->left,root->right);
	delete oldRoot;
}


template< typename T >
bool LeftistHeap< T >::isEmpty() const
{
	return root == NULL;
}

template< typename T>
void LeftistHeap< T >::swapChildren(LeftistNode< T> *t)
{
	LeftistNode< T > *left = t->left;
	t->left = t->right;
	t->right = left;
}

template< typename T >
void LeftistHeap< T >::makeEmpty()
{
	Free(root);
}


template< typename T >
void LeftistHeap< T >::Free(LeftistNode< T > *p)
{
	if(p == NULL)
		return;
	LeftistNode< T > *tmp = p;
	Free(p->left);
	Free(p->right);
	delete tmp; 
}


template< typename T >
T LeftistHeap< T >::findMin() const
{
	if(isEmpty())
	{
		cerr<<"Error! The heap is empty!";
		exit(1);
	}
	return root->data;
}

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