黑马程序员——线程中等待唤醒机制及jdk5版本lock的深入思考

------- android培训、java培训、期待与您交流！ ----------

     通过前几天的学习，对唤醒机制中的wait（）方法一直有点困惑。先看两段段简单的代码片段：

synchronized(s){
	if(!s.flag)
		try{
			s.wait();
		}
		catch (Exception e){
			
		}
	if(x==0){
		s.name="张三";
		s.sex="男";
		x=1;
	}
	else{
		s.name="李思";
		s.sex="女";
		x=0;
	}
	s.flag=false;
	s.notify();
}

下一段：

synchronized(s){
	if(s.flag)
		try{
			s.wait();
		}
	catch (Exception e){
		
	}
	System.out.println("姓名:"+s.name+"……性别："+s.sex);
	s.flag=true;
	s.notify();
}

    疑惑是：当第一段代码执行到wait（）时，线程休眠，那么他在锁里面，锁没有释放，第二段代码也执行不了。后来查了wail（）的用法，才恍然大悟。原来Object类中wait（）方法是这样的：

    final void wait() throws InterruptedException通知当前的线程进入睡眠状态直到其他线程进入调用notify（）唤醒他。在睡眠之前释放掉所占有的“锁标志”，则其占用的所有synchronized代码块可被别的线程使用。但还是有一点疑惑，就是判断是是否wait的if语句写在synchronized外面则会出错，介系为什么呢？

        关于同步代码块的使用，jdk1.5及以后版本做了很好的改进，那就是使用lock（）。有个生产消费的例子，先使用synchronized，代码如下所示：

class ProductDemo {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Src s = new Src();
		Produce pro = new Produce(s);
		consume con = new consume(s);
		Thread t1 = new Thread(pro);
		Thread t2 = new Thread(con);
		Thread t3 = new Thread(pro);
		Thread t4 = new Thread(con);
		t1.start();
		t2.start();
		t3.start();
		t4.start();
	}
}

class Src {
	private String name;
	private int index = 0;
	public boolean flag = false;

	public void set(String name) {
		this.name = name;
		System.out.println(name + "-----" + (++index) + "----被生产");
	}

	public void get() {
		System.out.println(name + "-----" + index + "----------被消费");
	}
}

class Produce implements Runnable {
	private Src s;

	Produce(Src s) {
		this.s = s;
	}

	public void run() {
		while (true) {
			synchronized (s) {
				while (s.flag)
					try {
						s.wait();
					} catch (Exception e) {
					}
				s.set("商品");
				s.flag = true;
				s.notifyAll();
			}
		}
	}
}

class consume implements Runnable {
	private Src s;

	consume(Src s) {
		this.s = s;
	}

	public void run() {
		while (true) {
			synchronized (s) {
				while (!s.flag)
					try {
						s.wait();
					} catch (Exception e) {
					}
				s.get();
				s.flag = false;
				s.notifyAll();
			}
		}
	}
}

用lock来写如下：

import java.util.concurrent.locks.*;

class ProductLockDemo {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Src s = new Src();
		Produce pro = new Produce(s);
		consume con = new consume(s);
		Thread t1 = new Thread(pro);
		Thread t2 = new Thread(con);
		Thread t3 = new Thread(pro);
		Thread t4 = new Thread(con);
		t1.start();
		t2.start();
		t3.start();
		t4.start();
	}
}

class Src {
	private String name;
	private int index = 0;
	public boolean flag = false;
	Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
	Condition condition_pro = lock.newCondition();
	Condition condition_con = lock.newCondition();

	public void set(String name) {
		this.name = name;
		System.out.println(name + "-----" + (++index) + "----被生产");
	}

	public void get() {
		System.out.println(name + "-----" + index + "----------被消费");
	}
}

class Produce implements Runnable {
	private Src s;

	Produce(Src s) {
		this.s = s;
	}

	public void run() {
		while (true) {
			s.lock.lock();
			try {
				while (s.flag) {
					s.condition_pro.await();
				}
				s.set("商品");
				s.flag = true;
				s.condition_con.signal();
			} catch (Exception e) {
			} finally {
				s.lock.unlock();
			}
		}
	}
}

class consume implements Runnable {
	private Src s;

	consume(Src s) {
		this.s = s;
	}

	public void run() {
		while (true) {
			s.lock.lock();
			try {
				while (!s.flag)
					try {
						s.condition_con.await();
					} catch (Exception e) {
					}
				s.get();
				s.flag = false;
				s.condition_pro.signal();
			} finally {
				s.lock.unlock();
			}
		}
	}
}