实例分析StringBuffer和StringBuilder的区别及使用场景

前言

学过Java的我们都知道， StringBuffer是线程安全的， StringBuilder是线程不安全的， 为什么StringBuffer是线程安全的，对于此问题，相信不少人也都知道一些，因为StringBuffer类中有用synchronized关键字修饰，但它们的用法区别在哪呢

示例

运行以下代码，看一下区别

• 多线程中

  public class Test {
      public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
          StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
          for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++){
              new Thread(() -> {
                  for (int j = 0; j < 1000; j++){
                      stringBuilder.append("a");
                  }
              }).start();
          }
  
          Thread.sleep(100L);
          System.out.println("stringBuilder: " + stringBuilder.length());
          System.out.println("-----------------------");
          StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer();
          for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++){
              new Thread(() -> {
                  for (int j = 0; j < 1000; j++){
                      stringBuffer.append("a");
                  }
              }).start();
          }
  
          Thread.sleep(100L);
          System.out.println("StringBuffer: " + stringBuffer.length());
      }
  }
  

  >>> StringBuilder: 9930128
  >>> ----------------------
  >>> StringBuffer: 10000000
  

• 单线程中

  public class test {
      public static void main(String[] args) {
      	long time = System.currentTimeMillis();
      	StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
      	for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
      		for (int j = 0; j < 1000; j++) {
      			stringBuilder.append("a");
      		}
      	}
      	long timeDiff = System.currentTimeMillis() - time;
      	System.out.println("StringBuilder: " + stringBuilder.length() + " " + timeDiff);
  
      	System.out.println("-----------------------");
  
      	time = System.currentTimeMillis();
      	StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer();
      	for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
      		for (int j = 0; j < 1000; j++) {
      			stringBuffer.append("a");
      		}
      	}
      	timeDiff = System.currentTimeMillis() - time;
      	System.out.println("StringBuffer: " + stringBuffer.length() + " " + timeDiff);
      }
  }
  

  >>> StringBuilder: 10000000 144
  >>> -----------------------
  >>> StringBuffer: 10000000 295
  

分析

• 在多线程操作中，由于StringBuilder线程不安全，会导致数据混乱，因此，多线程操作中优选StringBuffer
• 在单线程操作中，StringBuilder的速度优于StringBuffer。此时优选StringBuilder