硬件系列（九）--------串口扫码头数据读写

一、前言

最近需求做扫码支付，但是扫码的扫码头是串口的，需要进行开发才能调起扫码头扫码，头疼了一段时间，在度娘上搜索了一波，做了下总结，也写了一个demo，顺便写一篇博文记录一下。

二、串口管理类

**
 * 串口管理类
 * <p>
 * 触发扫码：7E 00 08 01 00 02 01 AB CD
 * 停止扫码：7E 00 08 01 00 02 00 AB CD
 * <p>
 * <p>
 * 一次读码延时（默认5秒）
 * 10秒：7E 00 08 01 00 06 64 AB CD
 * 15秒：7E 00 08 01 00 06 96 AB CD
 * 20秒：7E 00 08 01 00 06 C8 AB CD
 * 无限长：7E 00 08 01 00 06 00 AB CD
 * 保存：7E 00 09 01 00 00 00 AB CD （如果不保存，断电后不能生效）
 *
 * @author Freak
 * @date 2019/8/12.
 */
public class SerialPortManager {

    private static final String TAG = "SerialPortManager";

    private SerialReadThread mReadThread;
    private OutputStream mOutputStream;
    private HandlerThread mWriteThread;
    private Scheduler mSendScheduler;

    private static class InstanceHolder {

        public static SerialPortManager sManager = new SerialPortManager();
    }

    public static SerialPortManager instance() {
        return InstanceHolder.sManager;
    }

    private SerialPort mSerialPort;

    private SerialPortManager() {
    }

    /**
     * 打开串口
     *
     * @param device
     * @return
     */
    public SerialPort open(Device device) {
        return open(device.getPath(), device.getBaudrate());
    }

    /**
     * 打开串口
     *
     * @param devicePath
     * @param baudrateString
     * @return
     */
    public SerialPort open(String devicePath, String baudrateString) {
        if (mSerialPort != null) {
            close();
        }

        try {
            File device = new File(devicePath);
            int baurate = Integer.parseInt(baudrateString);
            mSerialPort = new SerialPort(device, baurate, 0);

            mReadThread = new SerialReadThread(mSerialPort.getInputStream());
            mReadThread.start();

            mOutputStream = mSerialPort.getOutputStream();

            mWriteThread = new HandlerThread("write-thread");
            mWriteThread.start();
            mSendScheduler = AndroidSchedulers.from(mWriteThread.getLooper());

            return mSerialPort;
        } catch (Throwable tr) {
            LogUtil.e("打开串口失败", tr);
            close();
            return null;
        }
    }

    /**
     * 关闭串口
     */
    public void close() {
        if (mReadThread != null) {
            mReadThread.close();
        }
        if (mOutputStream != null) {
            try {
                mOutputStream.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        if (mWriteThread != null) {
            mWriteThread.quit();
        }

        if (mSerialPort != null) {
            mSerialPort.close();
            mSerialPort = null;
        }
    }

    /**
     * 发送数据
     *
     * @param datas
     * @return
     */
    private void sendData(byte[] datas) throws Exception {
        mOutputStream.write(datas);
    }

    /**
     * (rx包裹)发送数据
     *
     * @param datas
     * @return
     */
    private Observable<Object> rxSendData(final byte[] datas) {

        return Observable.create(new ObservableOnSubscribe<Object>() {
            @Override
            public void subscribe(ObservableEmitter<Object> emitter) throws Exception {
                try {
                    sendData(datas);
                    emitter.onNext(new Object());
                } catch (Exception e) {

                    LogUtil.e("发送：" + ByteUtil.bytes2HexStr(datas) + " 失败", e);

                    if (!emitter.isDisposed()) {
                        emitter.onError(e);
                        return;
                    }
                }
                emitter.onComplete();
            }
        });
    }

    /**
     * 发送命令包
     */
    @SuppressLint("CheckResult")
    public void sendCommand(final String command) {

        // TODO: 2018/3/22
        LogUtil.i("发送命令：" + command);

        byte[] bytes = ByteUtil.hexStr2bytes(command);
        rxSendData(bytes).subscribeOn(mSendScheduler).subscribe(new Consumer<Object>() {
            @Override
            public void accept(Object o) throws Exception {
                LogManager.instance().post(new SendMessage(command));
            }

        });
    }
}

二、读写线程类

/**
 * 串口读线程
 *
 * @author Freak
 * @date 2019/8/12.
 */
public class SerialReadThread extends Thread {

    private static final String TAG = "SerialReadThread";

    private BufferedInputStream mInputStream;

    public SerialReadThread(InputStream is) {
        mInputStream = new BufferedInputStream(is);
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        byte[] received = new byte[1024];
        int size;

        LogUtil.e("开始读线程");

        while (true) {

            if (Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted()) {
                break;
            }
            try {

                int available = mInputStream.available();

                if (available > 0) {
                    size = mInputStream.read(received);
                    if (size > 0) {
                        onDataReceive(received, size);
                    }
                } else {
                    // 暂停一点时间，免得一直循环造成CPU占用率过高
                    SystemClock.sleep(1);
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                LogUtil.e("读取数据失败", e);
            }
            //Thread.yield();
        }

        LogUtil.e("结束读进程");
    }

    /**
     * 处理获取到的数据
     *
     * @param received
     * @param size
     */
    private void onDataReceive(byte[] received, int size) {
        // TODO: 2018/3/22 解决粘包、分包等
        String hexStr = ByteUtil.bytes2HexStr(received, 0, size);
        LogManager.instance().post(new ReceiveMessage(hexStr));
        LogUtil.e("扫码结果--》"+ hexStr);
    }

    /**
     * 停止读线程
     */
    public void close() {

        try {
            mInputStream.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            LogUtil.e("异常", e);
        } finally {
            super.interrupt();
        }
    }
}

三、串口读写字节数据处理类

/**
 * @author Freak
 * @date 2019/8/12.
 */
public class ByteUtil {

    //public static void main(String[] args) {
    //    byte[] bytes = {
    //        (byte) 0xab, 0x01, 0x11
    //    };
    //    String hexStr = bytes2HexStr(bytes);
    //    System.out.println(hexStr);
    //    System.out.println(hexStr2decimal(hexStr));
    //    System.out.println(decimal2fitHex(570));
    //    String adc = "abc";
    //    System.out.println(str2HexString(adc));
    //    System.out.println(bytes2HexStr(adc.getBytes()));
    //}

    /**
     * 字节数组转换成对应的16进制表示的字符串
     *
     * @param src
     * @return
     */
    public static String bytes2HexStr(byte[] src) {
        StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
        if (src == null || src.length <= 0) {
            return "";
        }
        char[] buffer = new char[2];
        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
            buffer[0] = Character.forDigit((src[i] >>> 4) & 0x0F, 16);
            buffer[1] = Character.forDigit(src[i] & 0x0F, 16);
            builder.append(buffer);
        }
        return builder.toString().toUpperCase();
    }

    /**
     * 十六进制字节数组转字符串
     *
     * @param src    目标数组
     * @param dec    起始位置
     * @param length 长度
     * @return
     */
    public static String bytes2HexStr(byte[] src, int dec, int length) {
        byte[] temp = new byte[length];
        System.arraycopy(src, dec, temp, 0, length);
        return bytes2HexStr(temp);
    }

    /**
     * 16进制字符串转10进制数字
     *
     * @param hex
     * @return
     */
    public static long hexStr2decimal(String hex) {
        return Long.parseLong(hex, 16);
    }

    /**
     * 把十进制数字转换成足位的十六进制字符串,并补全空位
     *
     * @param num
     * @return
     */
    public static String decimal2fitHex(long num) {
        String hex = Long.toHexString(num).toUpperCase();
        if (hex.length() % 2 != 0) {
            return "0" + hex;
        }
        return hex.toUpperCase();
    }

    /**
     * 把十进制数字转换成足位的十六进制字符串,并补全空位
     *
     * @param num
     * @param strLength 字符串的长度
     * @return
     */
    public static String decimal2fitHex(long num, int strLength) {
        String hexStr = decimal2fitHex(num);
        StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder(hexStr);
        while (stringBuilder.length() < strLength) {
            stringBuilder.insert(0, '0');
        }
        return stringBuilder.toString();
    }

    public static String fitDecimalStr(int dicimal, int strLength) {
        StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(String.valueOf(dicimal));
        while (builder.length() < strLength) {
            builder.insert(0, "0");
        }
        return builder.toString();
    }

    /**
     * 字符串转十六进制字符串
     *
     * @param str
     * @return
     */
    public static String str2HexString(String str) {
        char[] chars = "0123456789ABCDEF".toCharArray();
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        byte[] bs = null;
        try {

            bs = str.getBytes("utf8");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        int bit;
        for (int i = 0; i < bs.length; i++) {
            bit = (bs[i] & 0x0f0) >> 4;
            sb.append(chars[bit]);
            bit = bs[i] & 0x0f;
            sb.append(chars[bit]);
        }
        return sb.toString();
    }

    /**
     * 把十六进制表示的字节数组字符串，转换成十六进制字节数组
     *
     * @param
     * @return byte[]
     */
    public static byte[] hexStr2bytes(String hex) {
        int len = (hex.length() / 2);
        byte[] result = new byte[len];
        char[] achar = hex.toUpperCase().toCharArray();
        for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
            int pos = i * 2;
            result[i] = (byte) (hexChar2byte(achar[pos]) << 4 | hexChar2byte(achar[pos + 1]));
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * 把16进制字符[0123456789abcde]（含大小写）转成字节
     *
     * @param c
     * @return
     */
    private static int hexChar2byte(char c) {
        switch (c) {
            case '0':
                return 0;
            case '1':
                return 1;
            case '2':
                return 2;
            case '3':
                return 3;
            case '4':
                return 4;
            case '5':
                return 5;
            case '6':
                return 6;
            case '7':
                return 7;
            case '8':
                return 8;
            case '9':
                return 9;
            case 'a':
            case 'A':
                return 10;
            case 'b':
            case 'B':
                return 11;
            case 'c':
            case 'C':
                return 12;
            case 'd':
            case 'D':
                return 13;
            case 'e':
            case 'E':
                return 14;
            case 'f':
            case 'F':
                return 15;
            default:
                return -1;
        }
    }

    /**
     * 十六进制字符串转换成十进制数字  耗性能，计算慢，调用次数少可以忽略不计
     *
     * @param hex
     * @return
     */
    public static String hexToString(String hex) {
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

        for (int count = 0; count < hex.length() - 1; count += 2) {
            //分离字符串，两位一组
            String output = hex.substring(count, (count + 2));
            //十六进制到十进制
            int decimal = Integer.parseInt(output, 16);
            //将小数点转换为字符
            sb.append((char) decimal);
        }
        return sb.toString();
    }

    /**
     * 十六进制字符串转换成十进制数字 相对上面的快些
     *
     * @param hex
     * @return
     */
    public static String hexToString1(String hex) {
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        char[] hexData = hex.toCharArray();
        for (int count = 0; count < hexData.length - 1; count += 2) {
            int firstDigit = Character.digit(hexData[count], 16);
            int lastDigit = Character.digit(hexData[count + 1], 16);
            int decimal = firstDigit * 16 + lastDigit;
            sb.append((char) decimal);
        }
        return sb.toString();
    }

    /**
     * 十六进制字符串转换成十进制数字
     *
     * @param str
     * @return
     */
    public static String hexToString3(final String str) {
        return new String(new BigInteger(str, 16).toByteArray());
    }
}

 

四、使用方法

4.1、初始化

• 打开串口

SerialPortManager.instance().open(mDevice)

• 发送串口命令

SerialPortManager.instance().sendCommand(text);

串口命令：

• 触发扫码：7E 00 08 01 00 02 01 AB CD  成功返回：02 00 00 01 00 33 31 

• 停止扫码：7E 00 08 01 00 02 00 AB CD  成功返回：02 00 00 01 00 33 31 

读码时长设置命令：

10秒：7E 00 08 01 00 06 64 AB CD

15秒：7E 00 08 01 00 06 96 AB CD

20秒：7E 00 08 01 00 06 C8 AB CD、

无限长：7E 00 08 01 00 06 00 AB CD

保存：7E 00 09 01 00 00 00 AB CD （如果不保存，断电后不能生效）

• 设置波特率为9600： 7E 00 08 02 00 2A 39 01 A7 EA        成功返回：02 00 00 02 39 01 C1 4C 
• 将设置保存到内部Flash： 7E 00 09 01 00 00 00 DE C8     成功返回：02 00 00 01 00 33 31 
• 查询波特率 ：7E 00 07 01 00 2A 02 D8 0F                         成功返回：02 00 00 02 39 01 C1 4C 
• 恢复出厂设置 ：7E 00 09 01 00 00 FF C0 38                      成功返回：02 00 00 01 00 33 31 

重点是串口扫码数据的读写和解析，串口扫码数据获取的数据，是hex编码的byte数组，要进行hex编码的校验和转换成十进制字符串；具体的可以看ByteUtil工具类。