关于NumPy函数库的基础学习(1)

1、导入NumPy函数库：from numpy import *

>>> from numpy import *

2、构造一个4×4的随机数组：random.rand(4,4)

>>> random.rand(4,4)
array([[ 0.64892253,  0.36155878,  0.61115192,  0.45250833],
       [ 0.70489894,  0.13712867,  0.08937807,  0.15836451],
       [ 0.79766943,  0.29951048,  0.15084045,  0.11801158],
       [ 0.61060769,  0.54188315,  0.02381909,  0.47742619]])

运用mat()函数可以将数组转化为矩阵：randmat = mat(random.rand(4,4))

>>> randMat = mat(random.rand(4,4))
>>> randMat
matrix([[ 0.46870389,  0.29488197,  0.25697642,  0.60788096],
        [ 0.85256998,  0.71392001,  0.66044905,  0.08788728],
        [ 0.07374033,  0.62702406,  0.9281263 ,  0.8972311 ],
        [ 0.91063226,  0.60722426,  0.68104652,  0.39539063]])

3、矩阵求逆：matrix.I

>>> randMat.I
matrix([[-0.1579925 , -1.26453206, -0.84057206,  2.43142917],
        [ 3.8955427 ,  6.35083704,  0.25143617, -7.9713078 ],
        [-4.22850815, -3.64324385,  0.7875871 ,  5.52359263],
        [ 1.66472277, -0.56561813,  0.19320244, -0.34292636]])

4、矩阵乘法:matrix1 * matrix2

>>> invRandMat = randMat.I
>>> randMat * invRandMat
matrix([[  1.00000000e+00,  -2.77555756e-16,   4.16333634e-17,   2.77555756e-17],
        [ -4.16333634e-16,   1.00000000e+00,   1.07552856e-16,   -5.41233725e-16],
        [  2.22044605e-16,  -2.22044605e-16,   1.00000000e+00,   -1.11022302e-16],
        [  1.11022302e-16,   1.11022302e-16,   4.16333634e-17,   1.00000000e+00]])

5、构造单位矩阵：eye(num)

>>> eye(4)
array([[ 1.,  0.,  0.,  0.],
       [ 0.,  1.,  0.,  0.],
       [ 0.,  0.,  1.,  0.],
       [ 0.,  0.,  0.,  1.]])