shared_ptr原理和使用

一、原理

为了避免new了对象后忘记delete，或者对象的销毁时机不确定，通过shared_ptr可以自动销毁没有被引用的对象。

二、注意点

shared_ptr并不能解决循环引用的问题，如果有循环引用，不能自动delete指向的对象。
shared_ptr 线程不安全

三、测试

#pragma once
#include <memory>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class SharedPtrClass
{
public:
	
	int a;
	bool sharedPtr;
	shared_ptr<SharedPtrClass> t;
	SharedPtrClass(bool sharedPtr)
	{
		this->sharedPtr = sharedPtr;
		cout << "SharePrtClass new" << (sharedPtr?" sharedPtr":" class")<< endl;
	}
	~SharedPtrClass()
	{
		cout << "SharePtrClass free " << (sharedPtr?" sharedPtr":" class") << endl;
	}
};
class SharedPtr
{
public:

	void doTest()
	{
		cout << "autoDelete before" << endl << endl;
		autoDelete();
		cout << "autoDelete exit" << endl << endl;

		cout << endl << endl << endl;

		cout << "circularRef before" << endl << endl;
		circularRef();
		cout << "circularRef exit" << endl << endl;
		

	}
	void autoDelete()
	{
		cout << "autoDelete class start1" << endl;

		SharedPtrClass* a = new SharedPtrClass(false); //没有主动delete，函数退出时，并不会a指向的对象，导致内存泄漏
		cout << "autoDelete class end1" << endl;
		cout << endl;

		cout << "autoDelete shared_ptr start2" << endl;
		shared_ptr<SharedPtrClass> b(new SharedPtrClass(true)); //智能指针在函数退出时，计数变0，从而析构指向的对象
		cout << "autoDelete shared_ptr end2" << endl;
		cout << endl;
	
	}
	void circularRef()
	{
		cout << "circularRef start1" << endl;
		shared_ptr<SharedPtrClass> a(new SharedPtrClass(true));
		shared_ptr<SharedPtrClass> b(new SharedPtrClass(true));
		a->t = b;
		b->t = a;//循环引用，不能自动delete，导致内存泄漏，如果去掉这行，两个对象都能delete
		cout << "circularRef end1" << endl;
		cout << endl;

	}
	
};

四、输出

autoDelete before

autoDelete class start1
SharePrtClass new class
autoDelete class end1

autoDelete shared_ptr start2
SharePrtClass new sharedPtr
autoDelete shared_ptr end2

SharePtrClass free sharedPtr
autoDelete exit

circularRef before

circularRef start1
SharePrtClass new sharedPtr
SharePrtClass new sharedPtr
circularRef end1

circularRef exit