交通灯管理系统
1.项目需求：
模拟实现十字路口的交通灯管理系统逻辑，具体需求如下：
异步随机生成按照各个路线行驶的车辆。例如：
由南向而来去往北向的车辆 ----直行车辆
由西向而来去往南向的车辆 ----右转车辆
由东向而来去往南向的车辆 ----左转车辆
......
信号灯忽略黄灯，只考虑红灯和绿灯。
应考虑左转车辆控制信号灯，右转车辆不受信号灯控制。
具体信号灯控制逻辑与现实生活中普通交通灯控制逻辑相同，不考虑特殊情况下的控制逻辑。
注：南北向车辆与东西向车辆交替放行，同方向等待车辆应先放行直行车辆而后放行左转车辆。
每辆车通过路口时间为1秒（提示：可通过线程Sleep的方式模拟）。
随机生成车辆时间间隔以及红绿灯交换时间间隔自定，可以设置。
不要求实现GUI，只考虑系统逻辑实现，可通过Log方式展现程序运行结果。
2.项目分析：
总共有12条路线，为了统一编程模型，可以假设每条路线都有一个红绿灯对其进行控制，右转弯的4条路线的控制灯可以假设称为常绿状态，另外，其他的8条线路是两两成对的，可以归为4组，所以，程序只需考虑图中标注了数字号的4条路线的控制灯的切换顺序，这4条路线相反方向的路线的控制灯跟随这4条路线切换，不必额外考虑。
3.面向对象的分析与设计
1.每条路线上都会出现多辆车，路线上要随机增加新的车，在灯绿期间还要每秒钟减少一辆车。
4.Road类的编写
每个Road对象都有一个name成员变量来代表方向，有一个vehicles成员变量来代表方向上的车辆集合。
- /**
- * 每个Road对象代表一条路线，总共有12条路线，即系统中总共要产生12个Road实例对象。
- * 每条路线上随机增加新的车辆，增加到一个集合中保存。
- * 每条路线每隔一秒都会检查控制本路线的灯是否为绿，是则将本路线保存车的集合中的第一辆车移除，即表示车穿过了路口。
- */
- public class Road {
- //面向接口编程：List<E> list = new ArrayList<E>()
- private List<String> vehicles = new ArrayList<String>(); //vehicle:车辆
- private String name = null;
- public Road(String name) {
- this.name = name;
- //线程和随机时间：模拟车辆不断随机上路的过程
- ExecutorService pool = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor(); //创建一个线程池
- pool.execute(new Runnable() { //从线程池中挑选一个空闲的线程模拟车辆上路
- public void run() {
- for(int i = 1; i < 1000; i++) {
- try {
- Thread.sleep((new Random().nextInt(10) + 1 ) * 1000);
- } catch (InterruptedException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- vehicles.add(Road.this.name + "_" + i);
- }
- }
- });
- //定时器：每隔一秒检查对应的灯是否为绿。是，则放行一辆车
- ScheduledExecutorService timer = Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(1);
- timer.scheduleAtFixedRate(
- new Runnable() {
- public void run() {
- if(vehicles.size() > 0) {
- boolean lighted = Lamp.valueOf(Road.this.name).isLighted();
- if(lighted) {
- System.out.println(vehicles.remove(0) + " is traversing!"); //traverse:穿过
- }
- }
- }
- },
- 1,
- 1,
- TimeUnit.SECONDS);
- }
- }
5.Lamp类的编写
-
- package cn.edu.jxau.traffic;
- public enum Lamp {
- S2N("N2S","S2W",false),S2W("N2E","E2W",false),E2W("W2E","E2S",false),E2S("W2N","S2N",false),
- N2S(null,null,false),N2E(null,null,false),W2E(null,null,false),W2N(null,null,false),
- S2E(null,null,true),E2N(null,null,true),N2W(null,null,true),W2S(null,null,true);
- private String opposite = null;
- private String next = null;
- private boolean lighted;
- //枚举构造函数的修饰符只允许使用“私有”
- private Lamp() {}
- private Lamp(String opposite, String next, boolean lighted) {
- this.opposite = opposite;
- this.next = next;
- this.lighted = lighted;
- }
- public boolean isLighted() {
- return this.lighted;
- }
- public void light() {
- this.lighted = true;
- if(this.opposite != null) {
- Lamp.valueOf(opposite).light();
- }
- System.out.println(name() + " lamp is green, 下面总共应该有6个方向可以看到车辆通过！");
- }
- public Lamp blackOut() {
- this.lighted = false;
- if(this.opposite != null) {
- Lamp.valueOf(opposite).blackOut();
- }
- Lamp nextLamp = null;
- if(this.next != null) {
- nextLamp = Lamp.valueOf(next);
- System.out.println("绿灯从" + name() + "------切换为------>" + next);
- nextLamp.light();
- }
- return nextLamp;
- }
- }
- package cn.edu.jxau.traffic;
- import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
- import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledExecutorService;
- import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
- public class LampControler {
- private Lamp currentLamp;
- public LampControler() {
- currentLamp = Lamp.S2N;
- currentLamp.light();
- ScheduledExecutorService timer = Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(1);
- timer.scheduleAtFixedRate(
- new Runnable() {
- public void run() {
- currentLamp = currentLamp.blackOut();
- }
- },
- 10,
- 10,
- TimeUnit.SECONDS);
- }
- }
<span style="font-size:12px;">package cn.edu.jxau.traffic;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
public class LampControler {
private Lamp currentLamp;
public LampControler() {
currentLamp = Lamp.S2N;
currentLamp.light();
ScheduledExecutorService timer = Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(1);
timer.scheduleAtFixedRate(
new Runnable() {
public void run() {
currentLamp = currentLamp.blackOut();
}
},
10,
10,
TimeUnit.SECONDS);
}
}</span>7.MainClass类的编写
package cn.edu.jxau.traffic;
public class MainClass {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String[] directions = new String[] {
"S2N", "S2W", "E2W", "E2S",
"N2S", "N2E", "W2E", "W2N",
"S2E", "E2N", "N2W", "W2S"
};
for(int i = 0; i < directions.length; i++) {
new Road(directions[i]);
}
new LampControler();
}
}
N2S lamp is green, 下面总共应该有6个方向可以看到车辆通过！
S2N_1 is traversing!
N2S_1 is traversing!
S2E_1 is traversing!
E2N_2 is traversing!
W2S_1 is traversing!
S2W_1 is traversing!
S2W_2 is traversing!
S2W_4 is traversing!
S2E_2 is traversing!
W2S_2 is traversing!
S2W_5 is traversing!
S2E_3 is traversing!
绿灯从S2W------切换为------>E2W
E2W lamp is green, 下面总共应该有6个方向可以看到车辆通过！
W2E_1 is traversing!
W2E_2 is traversing!
W2E_3 is traversing!
W2S_3 is traversing!
W2E_4 is traversing!
N2W_5 is traversing!
E2W_5 is traversing!
S2E_4 is traversing!
绿灯从E2W------切换为------>E2S
E2S lamp is green, 下面总共应该有6个方向可以看到车辆通过！
W2N_1 is traversing!
E2S_2 is traversing!
E2S_3 is traversing!
E2N_7 is traversing!
W2N_4 is traversing!
E2S_5 is traversing!
E2N_8 is traversing!
S2E_7 is traversing!
W2S_5 is traversing!
W2N_8 is traversing!
W2N_9 is traversing!
N2S lamp is green, 下面总共应该有6个方向可以看到车辆通过！
S2N_3 is traversing!
N2W_8 is traversing!
N2S_3 is traversing!
N2S_4 is traversing!
N2S_5 is traversing!
S2N_7 is traversing!
S2E_8 is traversing!
N2S_7 is traversing!
S2N_9 is traversing!
S2N_10 is traversing!
W2S_6 is traversing!
S2E_9 is traversing!
N2W_10 is traversing!
N2E lamp is green, 下面总共应该有6个方向可以看到车辆通过！
S2W_6 is traversing!
S2W_7 is traversing!
N2E_4 is traversing!
E2N_10 is traversing!
S2W_8 is traversing!
N2E_5 is traversing!
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