202. Happy Number

https://leetcode.com/problems/happy-number/

Write an algorithm to determine if a number is "happy".

A happy number is a number defined by the following process: Starting with any positive integer, replace the number by the sum of the squares of its digits, and repeat the process until the number equals 1 (where it will stay), or it loops endlessly in a cycle which does not include 1. Those numbers for which this process ends in 1 are happy numbers.

Example: 19 is a happy number

• 12 + 92 = 82
• 82 + 22 = 68
• 62 + 82 = 100
• 12 + 02 + 02 = 1

这道题定义了一种快乐数，就是说对于某一个正整数，如果对其各个位上的数字分别平方，然后再加起来得到一个新的数字，再进行同样的操作，如果最终结果变成了1，则说明是快乐数，如果一直循环但不是1的话，就不是快乐数，那么现在任意给我们一个正整数，让我们判断这个数是不是快乐数，题目中给的例子19是快乐数，那么我们来看一个不是快乐数的情况，比如数字11有如下的计算过程：

1^2 + 1^2 = 2
2^2 = 4
4^2 = 16
1^2 + 6^2 = 37
3^2 + 7^2 = 58
5^2 + 8^2 = 89
8^2 + 9^2 = 145
1^2 + 4^2 + 5^2 = 42
4^2 + 2^2 = 20
2^2 + 0^2 = 4

我们发现在算到最后时数字4又出现了，那么之后的数字又都会重复之前的顺序

可以用set来记录所有出现过的数字

class Solution {
public:
    bool isHappy(int n) {
        if(n<=0){
            return false;
        }
        set<int> mul;

        while(!mul.count(n)){
            mul.insert(n);
            int sum=0;
            while(n){
                sum+=(n%10)*(n%10);
                n/=10;
            }
            if(sum==1){
                return true;
            }
            n=sum;
        }
        return false;
    }
};