向量运算基础
本文介绍了向量的基本运算，包括点乘（内积）的概念及其计算方法。解释了垂直向量的点乘为零，以及如何通过点乘计算向量长度，并给出了单位向量的定义及其性质。
1.The dot product(inner product) of v = (v1,v2) and w = (w1,w2) is the number v·w: v·w = v1w1 + v2w2.
2.The product of perpendicular vectors is zero.
3.The dot product v·w equals w·v. The order of v and w makes no difference.
4.To compute v·w, multiply each vi times wi. Then add.
5.The length ||v|| of a vector v is the square root of v·v.
6.A unit vector is a vector whose length equals one. Then u·u = 1. (i = (1, 0), j = (0, 1), u = (cosa, sina)).
7.Unit vecotr: u = v/||v|| is a unit vector in the same direction as v.
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