2017C++基础——网课笔记（36到39）

三十六. 拷贝构造函数应用场景1

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

class Test
{
public:
    Test()
    {
        cout<<"Test()..."<<endl;
        m_x = 0;
        m_y = 0;
    }

    Test(int x, int y)
    {
        cout<<"Test(int x, int y)..."<<endl;
        m_x = x;
        m_y = y;
    }

    Test(const Test& another)
    {
        cout<<"Test(const Test& another)..."<<endl;
        m_x = another.m_x;
        m_y = another.m_y;
    }

    ~Test()
    {
        cout<<"~Test()..."<<endl;
    }

    void printT()
    {
        cout<<"x="<<m_x<<",y="<<m_y<<endl;
    }

    void operator=(const Test& another)
    {
        cout<<"operator=(const Test& another)..."<<endl;
        m_x = another.m_x;
        m_y = another.m_y;
    }
private:
    int m_x;
    int m_y;
};

void test1()
{
    Test t1(10,20);
    Test t2(t1); //Test t2 = t1;
}

void test2()
{
    Test t1(10,20);
    Test t2;
    t2 = t1;
}

void func(Test t) // Test t =t1 //Test t的拷贝构造函数
{
    cout<<"func(Test t) begins"<<endl;
    t.printT();
    cout<<"func(Test t) ends"<<endl;
}
void test3()
{
    cout<<"test3() begins..."<<endl;

    Test t1(10,20);

    func(t1);

    cout<<"test3() ends..."<<endl;
}

int main()
{
    test3();
    return 0;
}

三十七. 拷贝构造函数应用场景2（略）

三十八.深拷贝和浅拷贝

1. 防止内存泄漏

#include <iostream>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
using namespace std;

class Teacher
{
public:

    Teacher(int id, char * name)
    {
        cout<<"Teacher(int id, char * name)..."<<endl;
        //赋值id
        m_id = id;

        //赋值name
        int len = strlen(name);
        m_name = (char*) malloc(len+1);
        strcpy(m_name,name);
    }

    Teacher(const Teacher& another)
    {
        m_id = another.m_id;

        //深拷贝动作
        int len = strlen(another.m_name);
        m_name = (char*) malloc(len+1);
        strcpy(m_name,another.m_name);
    }

    void printT()
    {
        cout<<"id = "<<m_id<<",name = "<<m_name<<endl;
    }

    ~Teacher()
    {
        cout<<"~Teacher()..."<<endl;
        if(m_name != NULL)
        {
            free(m_name);
            m_name = NULL;
        }
    }

private:
    int m_id;
    char *m_name;
};

void test()
{
    Teacher t1(1,"zhang3");
    t1.printT();

    Teacher t2(t1);// t2的默认拷贝构造
                    //然而这里是浅拷贝
                    //换言之，只要成员变量，有指针。
                    //那么应当显示提供一个拷贝构造函数，来完成深拷贝动作
    t2.printT();
}

int main()
{
    test();

    return 0;
}

2.防止重复释放内存

三十九. 中午回顾