105. Construct Binary Tree from Preorder and Inorder Traversal

题目

Given preorder and inorder traversal of a tree, construct the binary tree

翻译

根据前序遍历和中序遍历重建二叉树

分析

将之前在数据结构上所学的通过前序和中序写出二叉树融入进来

1.确定根节点，然后以根节点来进行递归，前序遍历的根节点为第一个。

2.求解树的子树，中序遍历中根左边为左子树，右边为右子树

3.递归求解

struct TreeNode{
    int val;
    TreeNode *left;
    TreeNode *right;
    TreeNode(int x):val(x),left(nullptr),right(nullptr){}
};

class Solution {
public:
    TreeNode *buildTree(vector<int> &preorder, vector<int> &inorder) {
        int size = preorder.size();
        if(size <= 0){
            return nullptr;
        }//if
        return PreInBuildTree(preorder,inorder,0,0,size);
    }
private:
    TreeNode* PreInBuildTree(vector<int> &preorder,vector<int> &inorder,int preIndex,int inIndex,int size){
        if(size <= 0){
            return nullptr;
        }//if
        // 根节点
        TreeNode* root = new TreeNode(preorder[preIndex]);
        // 寻找根节点在中序遍历数组的下标
        int index = 0;
        for(int i = 0;i < size;++i){
            if(preorder[preIndex] == inorder[inIndex+i]){
                index = inIndex+i;
                break;
            }//if
        }//for
        // 左子树个数
        int leftSize = index - inIndex;
        // 右子树个数
        int rightSize = size - leftSize - 1;
        // 左子树
        root->left = PreInBuildTree(preorder,inorder,preIndex+1,inIndex,leftSize);
        // 右子树
        root->right = PreInBuildTree(preorder,inorder,preIndex+1+leftSize,index+1,rightSize);
        return root;
    }
};