单例模式的四种写法

懒汉式（线程不安全）

//懒汉式(线程不安全)
public class Singleton {
    private static Singleton singleton;
    private Singleton(){}

    private static Singleton getInstance(){
        if(singleton == null){
            singleton = new Singleton();
        }
        return singleton;
    }
}
//改进一下，懒汉式(线程安全)
public class Singleton {
    private static Singleton singleton;
    private Singleton(){}

    private static synchronized Singleton getInstance(){
        if(singleton == null){
            singleton = new Singleton();
        }
        return singleton;
    }
}

饿汉式（线程安全，但是不能实现懒加载的效果）

//饿汉式(但是没有懒加载效果)
public class Singleton{
    private static Singleton singleton = new Singleton();
    private Singleton(){}
    public static Singleton getInstance(){
        return singleton;
    }
}

双重校验锁（线程安全，有一定的性能损失）

//双重检查模式（有一定的性能损失）
public class Singleton{
    private static volatile Singleton singleton;
    private Singleton(){}
    public static Singleton getInstance(){
        if (singleton == null){
            synchronized(Singleton.class){
                if (singleton == null){
                    singleton = new Singleton();
                }
            }
        }
        return singleton;
    }
}

静态内部类（线程安全，并且能够实现懒加载效果）

//静态内部类（推荐）
public class Singleton{
    private Singleton(){}
    public static Singleton getInstance(){
        return innerclass.singleton;
    }
    private static class innerclass{
        private static final Singleton singleton = new Singleton();
    }
}