最近在学习vue.js开发,想做个简单的管理系统,研究了很长时间,看了很多慕课网的视频教程,教程地址:https://www.imooc.com/new/course/list?c=vuejs,看完教程开始试着做项目,做到后台首页被几个问题困扰了很久。
1、后台模板,模板功能怎么实现,之前都是嵌套iframe,现在怎么处理呢?研究了两天,发现这里的控制使用子路由实现,vue在路由跳转时,跳转到子路由会保留父路由的页面内容。
2、从网上下载了很多代码,都没跑起来,左侧菜单都是动态的,都得配置接口程序。
3、vue后台模板路由也需要根据接口返回权限动态实现,如果访问地址路由里面没有跳转到404页面。
本文实现的后台模板只是静态页面,动态路由、动态菜单会随着学习逐步完善。
先看看效果图:
实现思路:先创建一个主模板文件,home.vue,然后顶部是一个组件header.vue,底部是一个组件footer.vue,左侧菜单栏是一个组件Sidebar.vue,还有个tags.vue组件用于管理打开页面,中间内容部分是一个用于展示具体跳转的页面,新增完目录如下:
home页面代码:
<template>
<div class="wrapper">
<v-head></v-head>
<v-sidebar></v-sidebar>
<div class="content-box" :class="{'content-collapse':collapse}">
<div class="content_wrapper">
<v-tags></v-tags>
<div class="content" style="flex:1;">
<div class="content_inner">
<transition name="move" mode="out-in">
<keep-alive :include="tagsList">
<router-view></router-view>
</keep-alive>
</transition>
</div>
</div>
<v-footer></v-footer>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<style lang="scss" scoped>
.content_wrapper {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
height: 100%;
.content_inner {
// background: #fff;
height: 100%;
}
}
</style>
<script>
import vHead from './Header.vue';
import vSidebar from './Sidebar.vue';
import vTags from './Tags.vue';
import vFooter from './Footer.vue';
import bus from './bus';
export default {
data() {
return {
tagsList: [],
collapse: false
}
},
components: {
vHead,
vSidebar,
vTags,
vFooter
},
created() {
bus.$on('collapse', msg => {
this.collapse = msg;
})
// 只有在标签页列表里的页面才使用keep-alive,即关闭标签之后就不保存到内存中了。
bus.$on('tags', msg => {
let arr = [];
for (let i = 0, len = msg.length; i < len; i++) {
msg[i].name && arr.push(msg[i].name);
}
this.tagsList = arr;
})
}
}
</script>
import vHead from './Header.vue';
import vSidebar from './Sidebar.vue';
import vTags from './Tags.vue';
import vFooter from './Footer.vue';
import bus from './bus';
components: {
vHead,
vSidebar,
vTags,
vFooter
},
以上代码引用各个子组件。
Header.vue代码如下:
<template>
<div class="header">
<!-- 折叠按钮 -->
<div class="collapse-btn" @click="collapseChage">
<i class="el-icon-menu"></i>
</div>
<div class="logo">孔子人才网后台管理系统</div>
<div class="header-right">
<div class="header-user-con">
<!-- <marquee onMouseOver="this.start()" style="font-size:18px;padding-bottom:4px;width:100px;" scrollamount="1">{{getlev}}</marquee> -->
<div style="font-size:18px;padding-bottom:4px;width:60px;">admin</div>
<!-- 全屏显示 -->
<div class="btn-fullscreen" @click="handleFullScreen">
<el-tooltip effect="dark" :content="fullscreen?`取消全屏`:`全屏`" placement="bottom">
<i class="el-icon-rank"></i>
</el-tooltip>
</div>
<!-- 消息中心 -->
<div class="btn-bell">
<el-tooltip effect="dark" :content="message?`有${message}条未读消息`:`消息中心`" placement="bottom">
<router-link to="/tabs">
<i class="el-icon-bell"></i>
</router-link>
</el-tooltip>
<span class="btn-bell-badge" v-if="message"></span>
</div>
<!-- 用户头像 -->
<div class="user-avator"><img src="../../assets/Images/img.jpg"></div>
<!-- 用户名下拉菜单 -->
<el-dropdown class="user-name" trigger="click" @command="handleCommand">
<span class="el-dropdown-link">
用户名<i class="el-icon-caret-bottom"></i>
</span>
<el-dropdown-menu slot="dropdown">
<a href="https://github.com/merciqiao" target="_blank">
<el-dropdown-item>关于作者</el-dropdown-item>
</a>
<a href="https://github.com/merciqiao/merciqiao-vue" target="_blank">
<el-dropdown-item>项目仓库</el-dropdown-item>
</a>
<a href="/zanzhu" target="_blank">
<el-dropdown-item style="color:orange;">赞助作者</el-dropdown-item>
</a>
<el-dropdown-item divided command="changeZh">切换中文</el-dropdown-item>
<el-dropdown-item command="changeEn">切换英文</el-dropdown-item>
<el-dropdown-item divided command="loginout">退出登录</el-dropdown-item>
</el-dropdown-menu>
</el-dropdown>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script>
import bus from './bus';
export default {
data() {
return {
collapse: false,
fullscreen: false,
name: 'merciqiao',
lev:'青铜级',
message: 2
}
},
computed:{
username(){
let username = this.$common.getSessionStorage('username');
return username ? username : this.name;
},
getlev(){
let levList = this.$common.getSessionStorage('lev',true);
let lev='';
if(levList){
for(var i=0;i<levList.length;i++){
lev+=levList[i].roleName;
}
}
return lev ? lev : this.lev;
}
},
methods:{
// 用户名下拉菜单选择事件
handleCommand(command) {
if(command == 'loginout'){
this.$common.removeSessionStorage('token');
this.$router.push('/login');
}
else if(command == 'changeZh'){
this.$i18n.locale = 'zh_CN';
}
else if(command == 'changeEn'){
this.$i18n.locale = 'en_US';
}
},
// 侧边栏折叠
collapseChage(){
this.collapse = !this.collapse;
bus.$emit('collapse', this.collapse);
},
// 全屏事件
handleFullScreen(){
let element = document.documentElement;
if (this.fullscreen) {
if (document.exitFullscreen) {
document.exitFullscreen();
} else if (document.webkitCancelFullScreen) {
document.webkitCancelFullScreen();
} else if (document.mozCancelFullScreen) {
document.mozCancelFullScreen();
} else if (document.msExitFullscreen) {
document.msExitFullscreen();
}
} else {
if (element.requestFullscreen) {
element.requestFullscreen();
} else if (element.webkitRequestFullScreen) {
element.webkitRequestFullScreen();
} else if (element.mozRequestFullScreen) {
element.mozRequestFullScreen();
} else if (element.msRequestFullscreen) {
// IE11
element.msRequestFullscreen();
}
}
this.fullscreen = !this.fullscreen;
}
},
mounted(){
if(document.body.clientWidth < 1366){
this.collapseChage();
}
}
}
</script>
<style scoped>
.header {
position: relative;
box-sizing: border-box;
width: 100%;
height: 70px;
font-size: 22px;
color: #fff;
background-color: #07c4a8;
}
.collapse-btn{
float: left;
padding: 0 21px;
cursor: pointer;
line-height: 70px;
}
.header .logo{
float: left;
width:250px;
line-height: 70px;
}
.header-right{
float: right;
padding-right: 50px;
}
.header-user-con{
display: flex;
height: 70px;
align-items: center;
}
.btn-fullscreen{
transform: rotate(45deg);
margin-right: 5px;
font-size: 24px;
}
.btn-bell, .btn-fullscreen{
position: relative;
width: 30px;
height: 30px;
text-align: center;
border-radius: 15px;
cursor: pointer;
}
.btn-bell-badge{
position: absolute;
right: 0;
top: -2px;
width: 8px;
height: 8px;
border-radius: 4px;
background: #f56c6c;
color: #fff;
}
.btn-bell .el-icon-bell{
color: #fff;
}
.user-name{
margin-left: 10px;
}
.user-avator{
margin-left: 20px;
}
.user-avator img{
display: block;
width:40px;
height:40px;
border-radius: 50%;
}
.el-dropdown-link{
color: #fff;
cursor: pointer;
}
.el-dropdown-menu__item{
text-align: center;
}
</style>
footer.vue组件代码如下:
<template>
<footer>
<div class="footer_content">
<!-- 京ICP备18050367号-1 qq群:73110051(无广告)
{{$t("footer.title")}}-->
</div>
</footer>
</template>
<style lang="scss">
footer{
border-top:1px solid #ddd;
flex: 0 0 auto;
.footer_content{
width: 340px;
margin: 0 auto;
text-align: center;
line-height: 60px;
height: 60px;
color:#606266;
.qq{
font-size: 9px;
}
}
}
</style>
Siderbar.vue组件代码如下:
<template>
<div class="sidebar">
<el-menu class="sidebar-el-menu" :default-active="onRoutes" :collapse="collapse" background-color="#324157"
text-color="#bfcbd9" active-text-color="#20a0ff" unique-opened router>
<el-submenu index="1">
<template slot="title">
<i class="el-icon-location"></i>
<span>导航一</span>
</template>
<el-menu-item-group>
<template slot="title">分组一</template>
<el-menu-item index="1-1">选项1</el-menu-item>
<el-menu-item index="1-2">选项2</el-menu-item>
</el-menu-item-group>
<el-menu-item-group title="分组2">
<el-menu-item index="1-3">选项3</el-menu-item>
</el-menu-item-group>
<el-submenu index="1-4">
<template slot="title">选项4</template>
<el-menu-item index="1-4-1">选项1</el-menu-item>
</el-submenu>
</el-submenu>
<el-menu-item index="2">
<i class="el-icon-menu"></i>
<span slot="title">导航二</span>
</el-menu-item>
<el-menu-item index="3" disabled>
<i class="el-icon-document"></i>
<span slot="title">导航三</span>
</el-menu-item>
<el-menu-item index="4">
<i class="el-icon-setting"></i>
<span slot="title">导航四</span>
</el-menu-item>
</el-menu>
<!--<el-menu class="sidebar-el-menu" :default-active="onRoutes" :collapse="collapse" background-color="#324157"
text-color="#bfcbd9" active-text-color="#20a0ff" unique-opened router>
<template v-for="(item,i) in menuList">
<template v-if="item.subs&&item.subs.length">
<el-submenu :index="item.index" :key="i">
<template slot="title">
<i :class="item.icon"></i><span slot="title">{{ item.title }}</span>
</template>
<el-menu-item v-for="(subItem,i) in item.subs" :key="i" :index="subItem.index">
{{ subItem.title }}
</el-menu-item>
</el-submenu>
</template>
</template>
</el-menu>-->
</div>
</template>
<script>
import bus from './bus';
import {
mapGetters
} from 'vuex'
export default {
data() {
return {
collapse: false,
items: [{
icon: 'el-icon-setting',
index: 'index',
title: '系统首页',
},
{
icon: 'el-icon-tickets',
index: 'table',
title: '基础模块',
subs: [{
index: 'searchinput',
title: '查询输入页'
},
{
index: 'tabpage',
title: '标签选项卡'
},
{
index: 'tablepage',
title: '综合表格页'
},
{
index: 'formpage',
title: '表单页'
},
{
index: 'treepage',
title: '树组件页'
}
]
},
{
icon: 'el-icon-setting',
index: '3',
title: '系统管理',
subs: [{
index: 'organizationTree',
title: '机构管理'
},
{
index: 'sysUser',
title: '用户管理'
},
{
index: 'sysRole',
title: '角色管理'
},
{
index: 'sysAcl',
title: '角色资源授权'
},
{
index: 'sysResource',
title: '资源管理'
},
{
index: 'sysMenu',
title: '菜单管理'
}
]
},
// {
// icon: 'el-icon-message',
// index: 'tabs',
// title: 'tab选项卡'
// },
// {
// icon: 'el-icon-date',
// index: '3',
// title: '表单相关',
// subs: [
// {
// index: 'form',
// title: '基本表单'
// },
// {
// index: 'editor',
// title: '富文本编辑器'
// },
// {
// index: 'markdown',
// title: 'markdown编辑器'
// },
// {
// index: 'upload',
// title: '文件上传'
// }
// ]
// },
// {
// icon: 'el-icon-star-on',
// index: 'charts',
// title: 'schart图表'
// },
// {
// icon: 'el-icon-rank',
// index: 'drag',
// title: '拖拽列表'
// },
// {
// icon: 'el-icon-warning',
// index: 'permission',
// title: '权限测试'
// },
{
icon: 'el-icon-error',
index: '404',
title: '404页面'
}
]
}
},
computed: mapGetters({
menuList: 'getMenuList',
onRoutes() {
return this.$route.path.replace('/', '');
}
}),
created() {
// 通过 Event Bus 进行组件间通信,来折叠侧边栏
bus.$on('collapse', msg => {
this.collapse = msg;
})
}
}
</script>
<style scoped>
.sidebar {
display: block;
position: absolute;
left: 0;
top: 70px;
bottom: 0;
overflow-y: scroll;
}
.sidebar::-webkit-scrollbar {
width: 0;
}
.sidebar-el-menu:not(.el-menu--collapse) {
width: 250px;
}
.sidebar>ul {
height: 100%;
}
</style>
Tags.vue组件代码如下:
<template>
<div class="tags" v-if="showTags">
<ul>
<li class="tags-li" v-for="(item,index) in tagsList" :class="{'active': isActive(item.path)}" :key="index">
<router-link :to="item.path" class="tags-li-title">
{{item.title}}
</router-link>
<span v-show="item.title!='系统首页'" class="tags-li-icon" @click="closeTags(index)"><i class="el-icon-close"></i></span>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="tags-close-box">
<el-dropdown @command="handleTags">
<el-button size="small" type="primary">
标签选项<i class="el-icon-arrow-down el-icon--right"></i>
</el-button>
<el-dropdown-menu size="medium" slot="dropdown">
<el-dropdown-item command="other">关闭其他</el-dropdown-item>
<el-dropdown-item command="all">关闭所有</el-dropdown-item>
</el-dropdown-menu>
</el-dropdown>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script>
import bus from './bus';
export default {
data() {
return {
tagsList: []
}
},
methods: {
isActive(path) {
return path === this.$route.fullPath;
},
// 关闭单个标签
closeTags(index) {
const delItem = this.tagsList.splice(index, 1)[0];
const item = this.tagsList[index] ? this.tagsList[index] : this.tagsList[index - 1];
if (item) {
delItem.path === this.$route.fullPath && this.$router.push(item.path);
}else{
this.$router.push('/');
}
},
// 关闭全部标签
closeAll(){
this.tagsList = [{
name: "index",
path: "/index",
title: "系统首页"
}];
this.$router.push('/');
},
// 关闭其他标签
closeOther(){
const curItem = this.tagsList.filter(item => {
return item.path === this.$route.fullPath;
})
this.tagsList = curItem;
},
// 设置标签
setTags(route){
const isExist = this.tagsList.some(item => {
return item.path === route.fullPath;
})
!isExist && this.tagsList.push({
title: route.meta.title,
path: route.fullPath,
// name: route.matched[1].components.default.name
name: route.name
})
bus.$emit('tags', this.tagsList);
},
handleTags(command){
command === 'other' ? this.closeOther() : this.closeAll();
}
},
computed: {
showTags() {
return this.tagsList.length > 0;
}
},
watch:{
$route(newValue, oldValue){
this.setTags(newValue);
}
},
created(){
this.setTags(this.$route);
}
}
</script>
<style lang="scss">
$tag_height:34px;//tab高度变量
.tags {
position: relative;
height: $tag_height;
overflow: hidden;
background: #fff;
padding-right: 120px;
flex: 0 0 auto;
}
.tags ul {
box-sizing: border-box;
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
}
.tags-li {
float: left;
margin: 3px 5px 2px 3px;
border-radius: 3px;
font-size: 12px;
overflow: hidden;
cursor: pointer;
height: $tag_height - 8px;
line-height: $tag_height - 8px;
border: 1px solid #e9eaec;
background: #fff;
padding: 0 5px 0 12px;
vertical-align: middle;
color: #666;
-webkit-transition: all .3s ease-in;
-moz-transition: all .3s ease-in;
transition: all .3s ease-in;
}
.tags-li:not(.active):hover {
background: #f8f8f8;
}
.tags-li.active {
color: #fff;
}
.tags-li-title {
float: left;
max-width: 80px;
overflow: hidden;
white-space: nowrap;
text-overflow: ellipsis;
margin-right: 5px;
color: #666;
}
.tags-li.active .tags-li-title {
color: #fff;
}
.tags-close-box {
position: absolute;
right: 0;
top: 0;
box-sizing: border-box;
padding-top: 1px;
text-align: center;
width: 110px;
height: $tag_height;
background: #fff;
box-shadow: -3px 0 15px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, .1);
z-index: 10;
}
</style>
最后修改路由配置文件,代码如下:
const routes = [{
path: '/',
name: 'Login',
component: Login
},
{
name: 'Home',
path: '/Home',
component: Home,
meta: {
title: '系统首页'
}
}
]
项目创建是用的vue cli3脚手架创建的。