JavaScript 函数相关内容
1、JavaScript函数的定义:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>函数调用和定义</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
function fnMyalert() {
alert("hello world");
}
function fnChange() {
var oDiv=document.getElementById('div1');
oDiv.style.color='red';
oDiv.style.fontSize='30px';
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="div1" onclick="fnMyalert();">这是一个div元素</div>
<input type="button" name="" value="改变div" onclick="fnChange();">
</body>
</html>
显示效果如下所示:
1、提取行间事件
代码如下所示:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
window.onload=function () {
var oBtn=document.getElementById("btn01");
//将事件属性和一个函数关联,函数不能写小括号,写了会马上执行
oBtn.onclick=fnChange;
function fnChange() {
var oDiv=document.getElementById('div1');
oDiv.style.color='red';
oDiv.style.fontSize='30px';
}
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="div1">这是一个div元素</div>
<input type="button" name="" value="改变div" id="btn01">
</body>
</html>
显示小果盘如下所示:
2、匿名函数:
代码如下所示:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>匿名函数</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
window.onload=function () {
var oBtn=document.getElementById('btn01');
// 转换成匿名函数的写法
oBtn.onclick=function () {
var oDiv=document.getElementById("div");
oDiv.style.color='red';
oDiv.style.fontSize='30px'
}
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="div">这是一个div元素</div>
<input type="button" name="" id="btn01" value="改变">
</body>
</html>
显示效果如下所示:
1、练习:网页换肤
代码:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>网页换肤</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="skin_css/skin.css" id="body">
<script type="text/javascript">
window.onload=function () {
var oBj=document.getElementById("body");
var oNe=document.getElementById("one");
var oTw=document.getElementById('two');
oNe.onclick=function () {
oBj.href="skin_css/skin.css";
}
oTw.onclick=function () {
oBj.href="skin_css/skin_1.css";
}
}
</script>
</head>
<body >
<input name="" type="button" value="第一个皮肤" id="one">
<input name="" type="button" value="第二个皮肤" id="two">
</body>
</html>
显示效果如下所示:
3、函数和变量的预解析
4、函数测传递
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Document</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
window.onload = function(){
function fnMyalert(a){
alert(a);
}
fnMyalert('hello world!');
function fnChangestyle(mystyle,val){
var oDiv = document.getElementById('div1');
oDiv.style[mystyle] = val;
}
fnChangestyle('fontSize','30px');
fnChangestyle('color','red');
fnChangestyle('backgroundColor','pink');
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="div1">这是一个div元素</div>
</body>
</html>
5、return关键字:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>return关键字</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
function fnAdd(a,b) {
var c=a+b;
return c;
}
var iResult = fnAdd(14,15);
alert(iResult);
</script>
</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>
2、加法运算
代码如下:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>加法运算</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
window.onload=function () {
var oInput01=document.getElementById("input01");
var oInput02=document.getElementById("input02");
var oBtn=document.getElementById("btn");
oBtn.onclick=function () {
var iValue01=parseInt(oInput01.value); //将字符串转为int性数据
var iValue02=parseInt(oInput02.value);
alert(iValue01+iValue02);
}
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<input type="text" name="" id="input01">+
<input type="text" name="" id="input02">
<input type="button" name="" value="相加" id="btn">
</body>
</html>
3、条件语句
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Document</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
var iNum01 = 2;
var sNum01 = '2';
/*
用“==” 弹出相等
if(iNum01==sNum01){
alert('相等');
}
else{
alert('不相等');
}
*/
if(iNum01===sNum01){
alert('相等');
}
else{
alert('不相等');
}
if(3!=4)
{
alert(true);
}
else
{
alert(false);
}
// 将逻辑运算的结果取反,比如运算是true,取反后就是false
if(!4>3){
alert('大于')
}
else
{
alert('不大于')
}
// 多个条件运算,都是true,最终结果才是true
if(4>3 && 5>6)
{
alert('都是大于')
}
else
{
alert('不是都大于')
}
// 多个条件运算中只要有一个是true,最终结果就是true
if(4>3 || 5>6)
{
alert('只有部分大于')
}
else
{
alert('都不大于')
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>
4、switch
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Document</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
window.onload = function(){
var iWeek = 3;
var oBody = document.getElementById('body01');
/*if(iWeek==1){
oBody.style.backgroundColor = 'gold';
}
else if(iWeek==2)
{
oBody.style.backgroundColor = 'green';
}
else if(iWeek==3){
oBody.style.backgroundColor = 'pink';
}
else if(iWeek==4){
oBody.style.backgroundColor = 'yellowgreen';
}
else if(iWeek==5){
oBody.style.backgroundColor = 'lightblue';
}
else{
oBody.style.backgroundColor = 'lightgreen';
}*/
switch (iWeek){
case 1:
oBody.style.backgroundColor = 'gold';
break;
case 2:
oBody.style.backgroundColor = 'green';
break;
case 3:
oBody.style.backgroundColor = 'pink';
break;
case 4:
oBody.style.backgroundColor = 'yellowgreen';
break;
case 5:
oBody.style.backgroundColor = 'lightblue';
break;
default:
oBody.style.backgroundColor = 'lightgreen';
}
}
</script>
</head>
<body id="body01">
</body>
</html>
1、练习:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>按钮切换元素显示</title>
<style type="text/css">
.box{
width: 200px;
height: 400px;
background-color: goldenrod;
/*display: none;*/
}
</style>
<script type="text/javascript">
window.onload=function () {
var oBtn=document.getElementById("btn");
var oBox=document.getElementById("box");
oBtn.onclick=function () {
if(oBox.style.display=="block"||oBox.style.display==''){
oBox.style.display="none";
}
else {
oBox.style.display="block";
}
}
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<input type="button" name="" value="切换" id="btn">
<div class="box" id="box" ></div>
</body>
</html>
显示效果如下: