Numpy具体用法相关内容（二）

#!/usr/bin/env python
# coding: utf-8

# ## 1、numpy的比较操作

# In[1]:


import numpy
#it will compare the second value to each element in the vector
# If the values are equal, the Python interpreter returns True; otherwise, it returns False
vector = numpy.array([5, 10, 15, 20])
vector == 10


# In[23]:


matrix = numpy.array([
                    [5, 10, 15], 
                    [20, 25, 30],
                    [35, 40, 45]
                 ])
matrix == 25


# ## 2、利用布尔类型的数据获取值

# In[8]:


#Compares vector to the value 10, which generates a new Boolean vector [False, True, False, False]. It assigns this result to equal_to_ten
vector = numpy.array([5, 10, 15, 20])
equal_to_ten = (vector == 10)
print(equal_to_ten)
print(vector[equal_to_ten])  # 把布尔类型的数据当成索引，返回其对应的真实的值


# In[24]:


matrix = numpy.array([
                [5, 10, 15], 
                [20, 25, 30],
                [35, 40, 45]
             ])
second_column_25 = (matrix[:,1] == 25)
print (second_column_25)
print(matrix[second_column_25, :])   # 把布尔类型的数据当成索引，返回其对应的真实的值  即取得第一行，所有的列


# In[26]:


#We can also perform comparisons with multiple conditions
vector = numpy.array([5, 10, 15, 20])
equal_to_ten_and_five = (vector == 10) & (vector == 5)
print (equal_to_ten_and_five)


# In[27]:


vector = numpy.array([5, 10, 15, 20])
equal_to_ten_or_five = (vector == 10) | (vector == 5)
print (equal_to_ten_or_five)


# In[28]:


vector = numpy.array([5, 10, 15, 20])
equal_to_ten_or_five = (vector == 10) | (vector == 5)
vector[equal_to_ten_or_five] = 50
print(vector)


# In[29]:


matrix = numpy.array([
            [5, 10, 15], 
            [20, 25, 30],
            [35, 40, 45]
         ])
second_column_25 = matrix[:,1] == 25
print (second_column_25)
print(matrix[second_column_25, 0])    #  把布尔类型的数据当成索引，表示第1行，第0列
matrix[second_column_25, 1] = 10     # 表示第一行，第一列
print (matrix)


# ## 3、numpy数据类型的转换

# In[32]:


#We can convert the data type of an array with the ndarray.astype() method.
vector = numpy.array(["1", "2", "3"])
print (vector.dtype)
print (vector)
vector = vector.astype(float)
print (vector.dtype)
print (vector)


# ## 4、numpy的逻辑运算

# In[19]:


vector = numpy.array([5, 10, 15, 20])
vector.sum()


# In[36]:


# The axis dictates which dimension we perform the operation on
#1 means that we want to perform the operation on each row, and 0 means on each column
matrix = numpy.array([
                [5, 10, 15], 
                [20, 25, 30],
                [35, 40, 45]
             ])
print("--------->",matrix.sum())
matrix.sum(axis=1)  # 表示将数组中所有的列累加在一起


# In[45]:


matrix = numpy.array([
                [5, 10, 15], 
                [20, 25, 30],
                [35, 40, 45]
             ])
matrix.sum(axis=0)    # 表示将数组中所有的行都累加在一起


# ## 5、isNaN方法用来判断一个值是否为NaN。

# In[49]:


#replace nan value with 0
world_alcohol = numpy.genfromtxt("world_alcohol.txt", delimiter=",")
# print (world_alcohol)
is_value_empty = numpy.isnan(world_alcohol[:,4])
print (is_value_empty)
world_alcohol[is_value_empty, 4] = '0'
alcohol_consumption = world_alcohol[:,4]
alcohol_consumption = alcohol_consumption.astype(float)
total_alcohol = alcohol_consumption.sum()
average_alcohol = alcohol_consumption.mean()
print (total_alcohol)
print (average_alcohol)