驱动程序用到的头文件linux/include/linux/compiler.h（基于linux version:2.6.34; arch:arm）

让我们从一个最简单的驱动程序开始，下面是来自《LINUX设备驱动开发详解》中的一个内核模块程序例子：

/*====================================================================== A kernel module: book This example is to introduce module params The initial developer of the original code is Baohua Song <author@linuxdriver.cn>. All Rights Reserved. ======================================================================*/ #include <linux/init.h> #include <linux/module.h> MODULE_LICENSE("Dual BSD/GPL"); static char *book_name = "dissecting Linux Device Driver"; static int num = 4000; static int book_init(void) { printk(KERN_INFO " book name:%s/n",book_name); printk(KERN_INFO " book num:%d/n",num); return 0; } static void book_exit(void) { printk(KERN_INFO " Book module exit/n "); } module_init(book_init); module_exit(book_exit); module_param(num, int, S_IRUGO); module_param(book_name, charp, S_IRUGO); MODULE_AUTHOR("Song Baohua, author@linuxdriver.cn"); MODULE_DESCRIPTION("A simple Module for testing module params"); MODULE_VERSION("V1.0");

可以看到例子程序开始包含了头文件linux/init.h，由基本常识可知该文件在linux源码中的绝对路径是linux/include/linux/init.h（linux初始化模块函数定义和defines）。现在看一下该文件的具体内容：

1 #ifndef _LINUX_INIT_H 2 #define _LINUX_INIT_H 3 4 #include <linux/compiler.h> 5 以下代码暂时略去 ... ...

该头文件首先包含了另一个头文件linux/compiler.h，依旧由基本常识可知该文件在linux源码中的绝对路径是linux/include/linux/compiler.h。先看一下该文件的内容，回头再来看init.h。

1 #ifndef __LINUX_COMPILER_H 2 #define __LINUX_COMPILER_H 3 4 #ifndef __ASSEMBLY__ 5 6 #ifdef __CHECKER__ 7 # define __user __attribute__((noderef, address_space(1))) 8 # define __kernel __attribute__((address_space(0))) 9 # define __safe __attribute__((safe)) 10 # define __force __attribute__((force)) 11 # define __nocast __attribute__((nocast)) 12 # define __iomem __attribute__((noderef, address_space(2))) 13 # define __acquires(x) __attribute__((context(x,0,1))) 14 # define __releases(x) __attribute__((context(x,1,0))) 15 # define __acquire(x) __context__(x,1) 16 # define __release(x) __context__(x,-1) 17 # define __cond_lock(x,c) ((c) ? ({ __acquire(x); 1; }) : 0) 18 # define __percpu __attribute__((noderef, address_space(3))) 19 extern void __chk_user_ptr(const volatile void __user *); 20 extern void __chk_io_ptr(const volatile void __iomem *); 21 #else 22 # define __user 23 # define __kernel 24 # define __safe 25 # define __force 26 # define __nocast 27 # define __iomem 28 # define __chk_user_ptr(x) (void)0 29 # define __chk_io_ptr(x) (void)0 30 # define __builtin_warning(x, y...) (1) 31 # define __acquires(x) 32 # define __releases(x) 33 # define __acquire(x) (void)0 34 # define __release(x) (void)0 35 # define __cond_lock(x,c) (c) 36 # define __percpu 37 #endif 38 39 #ifdef __KERNEL__ 40 41 #ifdef __GNUC__ 42 #include <linux/compiler-gcc.h> 43 #endif 44 45 #define notrace __attribute__((no_instrument_function)) 46 47 /* Intel compiler defines __GNUC__. So we will overwrite implementations 48 * coming from above header files here 49 */ 50 #ifdef __INTEL_COMPILER 51 # include <linux/compiler-intel.h> 52 #endif 53 54 /* 55 * Generic compiler-dependent macros required for kernel 56 * build go below this comment. Actual compiler/compiler version 57 * specific implementations come from the above header files 58 */ 59 60 struct ftrace_branch_data { 61 const char *func; 62 const char *file; 63 unsigned line; 64 union { 65 struct { 66 unsigned long correct; 67 unsigned long incorrect; 68 }; 69 struct { 70 unsigned long miss; 71 unsigned long hit; 72 }; 73 unsigned long miss_hit[2]; 74 }; 75 }; 76 77 /* 78 * Note: DISABLE_BRANCH_PROFILING can be used by special lowlevel code 79 * to disable branch tracing on a per file basis. 80 */ 81 #if defined(CONFIG_TRACE_BRANCH_PROFILING) / 82 && !defined(DISABLE_BRANCH_PROFILING) && !defined(__CHECKER__) 83 void ftrace_likely_update(struct ftrace_branch_data *f, int val, int expect); 84 85 #define likely_notrace(x) __builtin_expect(!!(x), 1) 86 #define unlikely_notrace(x) __builtin_expect(!!(x), 0) 87 88 #define __branch_check__(x, expect) ({ / 89 int ______r; / 90 static struct ftrace_branch_data / 91 __attribute__((__aligned__(4))) / 92 __attribute__((section("_ftrace_annotated_branch"))) / 93