OpenCV实现从摄像头读取视频数据并保存

import cv2
import numpy as np
import mvsdk
import platform

def main_loop():
	# 枚举相机
	DevList = mvsdk.CameraEnumerateDevice()
	nDev = len(DevList)
	if nDev < 1:
		print("No camera was found!")
		return

	for i, DevInfo in enumerate(DevList):
		print("{}: {} {}".format(i, DevInfo.GetFriendlyName(), DevInfo.GetPortType()))
	i = 0 if nDev == 1 else int(input("Select camera: "))
	DevInfo = DevList[i]
	print(DevInfo)

	# 打开相机
	hCamera = 0
	try:
		hCamera = mvsdk.CameraInit(DevInfo, -1, -1)
	except mvsdk.CameraException as e:
		print("CameraInit Failed({}): {}".format(e.error_code, e.message) )
		return

	# 获取相机特性描述
	cap = mvsdk.CameraGetCapability(hCamera)

	# 判断是黑白相机还是彩色相机
	monoCamera = (cap.sIspCapacity.bMonoSensor != 0)

	# 黑白相机让ISP直接输出MONO数据，而不是扩展成R=G=B的24位灰度
	if monoCamera:
		mvsdk.CameraSetIspOutFormat(hCamera, mvsdk.CAMERA_MEDIA_TYPE_MONO8)
	else:
		mvsdk.CameraSetIspOutFormat(hCamera, mvsdk.CAMERA_MEDIA_TYPE_BGR8)

	# 相机模式切换成连续采集
	mvsdk.CameraSetTriggerMode(hCamera, 0)

	# 手动曝光，曝光时间30ms
	mvsdk.CameraSetAeState(hCamera, 0)
	mvsdk.CameraSetExposureTime(hCamera, 30 * 1000)

	# 让SDK内部取图线程开始工作
	mvsdk.CameraPlay(hCamera)

	# 计算RGB buffer所需的大小，这里直接按照相机的最大分辨率来分配
	FrameBufferSize = cap.sResolutionRange.iWidthMax * cap.sResolutionRange.iHeightMax * (1 if monoCamera else 3)

	# 分配RGB buffer，用来存放ISP输出的图像
	# 备注：从相机传输到PC端的是RAW数据，在PC端通过软件ISP转为RGB数据（如果是黑白相机就不需要转换格式，但是ISP还有其它处理，所以也需要分配这个buffer）
	pFrameBuffer = mvsdk.CameraAlignMalloc(FrameBufferSize, 16)
    
	fourcc=cv2.VideoWriter_fourcc(*'XVID')
	vedio_out=cv2.VideoWriter("testVideo.avi",fourcc,30.0,(640,480))

	while (cv2.waitKey(1) & 0xFF) != ord('q'):
		# 从相机取一帧图片
		try:
			pRawData, FrameHead = mvsdk.CameraGetImageBuffer(hCamera, 200)
			mvsdk.CameraImageProcess(hCamera, pRawData, pFrameBuffer, FrameHead)
			mvsdk.CameraReleaseImageBuffer(hCamera, pRawData)

			# windows下取到的图像数据是上下颠倒的，以BMP格式存放。转换成opencv则需要上下翻转成正的
			# linux下直接输出正的，不需要上下翻转
			if platform.system() == "Windows":
				mvsdk.CameraFlipFrameBuffer(pFrameBuffer, FrameHead, 1)
			
			# 此时图片已经存储在pFrameBuffer中，对于彩色相机pFrameBuffer=RGB数据，黑白相机pFrameBuffer=8位灰度数据
			# 把pFrameBuffer转换成opencv的图像格式以进行后续算法处理
			frame_data = (mvsdk.c_ubyte * FrameHead.uBytes).from_address(pFrameBuffer)
			frame = np.frombuffer(frame_data, dtype=np.uint8)
			frame = frame.reshape((FrameHead.iHeight, FrameHead.iWidth, 1 if FrameHead.uiMediaType == mvsdk.CAMERA_MEDIA_TYPE_MONO8 else 3) )

			frame = cv2.resize(frame, (640,480), interpolation = cv2.INTER_LINEAR)
			vedio_out.write(frame)
			cv2.imshow("Press q to end", frame)
			
		except mvsdk.CameraException as e:
			if e.error_code != mvsdk.CAMERA_STATUS_TIME_OUT:
				print("CameraGetImageBuffer failed({}): {}".format(e.error_code, e.message) )

	# 关闭相机
	vedio_out.release()
	mvsdk.CameraUnInit(hCamera) 
	# 释放帧缓存
	mvsdk.CameraAlignFree(pFrameBuffer)

def main():
	try:
		main_loop()
	finally:
		cv2.destroyAllWindows()

main()