leecode、牛客刷题总结

前言

牛客是需要处理输入和输出的，输入要注意审题看是不是有多组输入，输入的字符串处理一般用scanner就可以搞定了。输出注意格式包括空格和回车换换。

力扣只需要关心核心代码。而且牛客考试题目是 相当于给 一个写字板啥都没，然后编码，这个要 提前练习。

BigDecimal

涉及到数字超了、精度、四舍五入等

// 第二个参数scale为1，表示保留1位小数
// 第三个参数表示四舍五入
BigDecimal zsAvg = bd.divide(BigDecimal.valueOf(size), 1, RoundingMode.HALF_UP);

    /**
     * Returns a {@code BigDecimal} whose value is {@code (this /
     * divisor)}, and whose scale is as specified.  If rounding must
     * be performed to generate a result with the specified scale, the
     * specified rounding mode is applied.
     *
     * @param  divisor value by which this {@code BigDecimal} is to be divided.
     * @param  scale scale of the {@code BigDecimal} quotient to be returned.
     * @param  roundingMode rounding mode to apply.
     * @return {@code this / divisor}
     * @throws ArithmeticException if {@code divisor} is zero,
     *         {@code roundingMode==RoundingMode.UNNECESSARY} and
     *         the specified scale is insufficient to represent the result
     *         of the division exactly.
     * @since 1.5
     */
    public BigDecimal divide(BigDecimal divisor, int scale, RoundingMode roundingMode) {
        return divide(divisor, scale, roundingMode.oldMode);
    }

 问：怎么去判断什么时候需要用BigInteger和BigDecimal

Scanner

常见输入，测试时可以用字符串，跑代码时用标准输入流

// 构造函数可以为字符串
Scanner scanner = new Scanner("abcdfe");

// 构造函数可以标准输入流
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

Scanner处理有开头和结尾的数组

import java.util.Scanner;

public class LearnInput {
    public static void main(String args[]) {
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner("[1,2,3,4,5]");
        scanner.useDelimiter("[\\[\\],]");
        while (scanner.hasNextInt()) {
            System.out.println(scanner.nextInt());
        }
    }
}

输出结果

// 输出
1
2
3
4
5

scanner可以一次读取一行也可以一次都去一个数字

字符串求所有子串

例子：求美丽值，涉及到求一个字符串的所有子串

package leetcode;

import java.util.*;

/**
 * https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/sum-of-beauty-of-all-substrings/
 * 1781. 所有子字符串美丽值之和
 * */
public class C1781 {

    public static void main(String args[]) {
        Solution solution = new Solution();
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner("xzvfsppsjfbxdwkqe");
        String str = scanner.nextLine();
        System.out.println(str);
        System.out.println(solution.beautySum(str));
    }
    static class Solution {
        int[] freq  = new int[26];

        public int beautySum(String s) {
            List<String> subStrings = allSubString(s);
            int sum = 0;
            for (String ss:subStrings) {
                sum += beauty(ss);
            }
            return sum;
        }

        private List<String> allSubString(String s) {
            List<String> all = new ArrayList<>();
            for ( int i = 0; i < s.length(); ++i ) {
                for ( int j = i+1; j <= s.length(); ++j ){
                    String tmp = s.substring(i,j);
                    if (tmp.length()<=2) {
                        continue;
                    }
                    all.add(tmp);
                }
            }
            return all;
        }

        /**
         * 求出单个字符串的美丽值
         */
        private int beauty(String s) {
            Arrays.fill(freq, 0);

            for (int i=0;i<s.length(); ++i) {
                int index = s.charAt(i) - 'a';
                freq[index] = freq[index] + 1;
            }

            int min = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
            int max = 0;
            for (int i : freq) {
                if (0 == i) {
                    continue;
                }
                min = Math.min(min, i);
                max = Math.max(max, i);
            }
            return max-min;
        }
    }
}