Python List 推导

List推导提供了一个更简洁的方式来创建列表，尤其在使用map()和filter()等函数式编程的元素，或通过简单循环来创建另一个列表时

有下面几种内型：

一般：

    >>> print [i for i in range(10)]
    [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]

带条件：
    >>> print [i for i in range(20) if i%2 == 0]
    [0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18]

双重循环：
    >>> nums = [1,2,3,4]
    >>> fruit = ["Apples", "Peaches", "Pears", "Bananas"]
    >>> print [(i,f) for i in nums for f in fruit]
    [(1, 'Apples'), (1, 'Peaches'), (1, 'Pears'), (1, 'Bananas'),
     (2, 'Apples'), (2, 'Peaches'), (2, 'Pears'), (2, 'Bananas'),
     (3, 'Apples'), (3, 'Peaches'), (3, 'Pears'), (3, 'Bananas'),
     (4, 'Apples'), (4, 'Peaches'), (4, 'Pears'), (4, 'Bananas')]

    >>> print [(i,f) for i in nums for f in fruit if f[0] == "P"]
    [(1, 'Peaches'), (1, 'Pears'),
     (2, 'Peaches'), (2, 'Pears'),
     (3, 'Peaches'), (3, 'Pears'),
     (4, 'Peaches'), (4, 'Pears')]

双重循环带条件：
    >>> print [(i,f) for i in nums for f in fruit if f[0] == "P" if i%2 == 1]
    [(1, 'Peaches'), (1, 'Pears'), (3, 'Peaches'), (3, 'Pears')]
    >>> print [i for i in zip(nums,fruit) if i[0]%2==0]
    [(2, 'Peaches'), (4, 'Bananas')]