TOEFL wordlist 8

1. lettuce  [ˈletɪs] 

n. A lettuce is a plant with large green leaves that is the basic ingredient of many salads.

Please buy a lettuce and some tomatoes for me.

2. apportion [əˈpɔ:ʃn]

v. When you apportion something such as blame, you decide how much of it different people deserve or should be given.

The man's property was apportioned among his children after his death.

3. juvenile [ˈdʒu:vənaɪl] 

(1). n. A juvenile is a child or young person who is not yet old enough to be regarded as an adult.

(2). adj. Juvenile activity or behaviour involves young people who are not yet adults.

(3). adj. If you describe someone's behaviour as juvenile, you are critical of it because you think that it is silly or childish.

(4). n. Young animals are sometimes referred to as juveniles.

The successful prevention of juvenile delinquency requires efforts on the part of the entire society.

4. franchise  [ˈfræntʃaɪz]

(1). n. A franchise is an authority that is given by an organization to someone, allowing them to sell its goods or services or to take part in an activity which the organization controls.

(2). v. If a company franchises its business, it sells franchises to other companies, allowing them to sell its goods or services.

(3). n. Franchise is the right to vote in an election, especially one in which people elect a parliament.

That restaurant is expanding through the sale of franchise.

5. cactus  [ˈkæktəs]

n. A cactus is a thick fleshy plant that grows in many hot, dry parts of the world. Cacti have no leaves and many of them are covered in prickles.

Cacti are unusual plants, which are adapted to extremely arid and hot environments.

6. fortuitous  [fɔ:ˈtju:ɪtəs] 

adj. You can describe something as fortuitous if it happens, by chance, to be very successful or pleasant.

They fell in love with each other in a fortuitous meeting.

7. propensity  [prəˈpensəti] 

n. A propensity to do something or a propensity for something is a natural tendency that you have to behave in a particular way.

He showed a propensity for violence.

8. confidant [ˈkɒnfɪdænt]

n. Someone's confidant is a man who they are able to discuss their private problems with.

You keep telling yourself that she is only your confidant.

9. abate [əˈbeɪt]

v. If something bad or undersirable abates, it becomes much less strong or severe.

To abate the noise in big cities is a tough job.

10. dignify [ˈdɪgnɪfaɪ]

(1). v. To dignify something means to make it impressive.

(2). v. If you say that a particular reaction or description dignifies something you have a low opinion of, you mean that it makes it appear acceptable.

The ambassador was there to dignify the celebrations.

11. feign [feɪn]

v. If someone feigns a particular feeling, attitude or physcial condition, they try to make other people think that they have it or are experiencing it, although this is not true.

I think you're right that sense of humor is born in nature which could not be feigned.

12. melodious [məˈləʊdiəs]

adj. A melodious sound is pleasant to listen to.

I heard melodious music come from the room.

13. frail [freɪl]

(1). adj. Someone who is frail is not very strong or healthy.

(2). adj. Something that is frail is easily broken or damaged.

Grandma is old and frail, so I don't think she can travel to Paris with you.

14. snide [snaɪd]

adj. A snide comment or remark is one which criticizes someone in an unkind and often indirect way.

I suddenly realized I was deceived by a snide businessman.

15. falter [ˈfɔ:ltə(r)]

(1). v. If something falters, it loses power or strength in an uneven way, or on longer makes much progress.

(2). v. If you falter, you lose your confidence and stop doing something or start making mistakes.

(3). v. If your voice falters when you are speaking, you hesitate or pause, because you are unsure about what you are saying or are upset.

Trembling with shock, she faltered out a few words of thanks.

16. lust [lʌst]

(1). n. Lust is a feeling of strong sexual desire for someone.

(2). n. A lust for something is a very strong and eager desire to have it.

It's difficult to satisy his lust for power.

17. stampede [stæmˈpi:d]

(1). n. If there is a stampede, a group of people or animals run in a wild, uncontrolled way.

(2). phrase. If a group of animals or people stampede or if something stampedes them, they run in a wild, uncontrol way.

(3). n. If a lot of people all do the same thing at the same time, you can describe it as a stampede.

(4). v. If people are stampeded into doing something, they are forced into doing it by pressure from other people, even though they do not think it is the right thing to do.

I don't want to be stampeded into making any hasty decisions.

The new policy has led to a stampede to buy property.

18. torpor [ˈtɔ:pə(r)]

n. Torpor is the state of being completely inactive mentally or physically, for example because of illness or laziness.

In the heat they sank into a state of torpor.

19. shed  [ʃed]

(1). phrase. A shed is a small building that is used for storing things such as garden tools.

(2). phrase. A shed is a large shelter or building, for example at a railway station, port, or factory.

(3). phrase. When a tree sheds its leaves, its leaves fall off in the autumn. When an animal sheds hair or skin, some of its hair or skin drops off.

(4). phrase. To shed something means to get rid of it.

(5). phrase. If a lorry sheds its load, the goods that it is carrying accidentally fall onto the road.

(6). phrase. If you shed tears, you cry.

(7). phrase. To shed blood means to kill people in a violent way. If someone sheds their blood, they are killed in a violent way, usually when they are fighting in a war.

The huge impact created a vapor that shed out into space and eventually condensed as the Moon.

20. shirk [ʃɜ:k]

v. If someone does not shirk their responsibility or duty, they do what they have a responsibility to do.

I will not shirk my share of the responsibility.

21. dormant [ˈdɔ:mənt]

adj. Something that is dormant is not active, growing, or being used at the present time but is capable of becoming active later on.

When water is scarce, lichens may become dormant.

22. quasar [ˈkweɪzɑ:(r)]

n. A quasar is an object far away in space that produces bright light and radio waves.

Quasars are the most luminous objects in the universe.

23. bolster [ˈbəʊlstə(r)] 

(1). v. If you bolster something such as someone's confidence or courage, you increase it.

(2). v. If someone tries to bolster their position in a situation, they try to strengthen it.

(3). n. A bolster is a firm pillow shaped like a long tube which is sometimes put across a bed under the ordinary pillows.

The miners bolstered their morale by shouting slogans.

24. distract  [dɪˈstrækt]

v. If something distracts you or your attention from something, it takes your attention away from it.

The thunderstorm distracted the little boy from this homework.

25. rehabilitate  [ˌri:əˈbɪlɪteɪt]

(1). v. To rehabiliate someone who has been ill or in prison means to help them to live a normal life again. To rehabilitate someone who has a drug or alcohol problem means to help them stop using drugs or alcohol.

(2). v. If someone is rehabilitated, they begin to be considered acceptable again after a period during which they have been rejected or severely criticized.

(3). v. To rebailitate a building or an area means to improve its condition so that it can be used again.

San Antonio's leaders rehabilitated existing struectures.

26. blizzard [ˈblɪzəd]

(1). n. A blizzard is a very bad snowstorm with strong winds.

(2). n. You can refer to a large number of things that you do not like or which annoy you as a blizzard of those things.

Because of the raging blizzard all flights have been cancelled.

27. roe [rəʊ] 

n. Roe is the eggs or sperm of a fish, which is eaten as food.

Sturgeons are prized for their blackish roe.

28. drastic  [ˈdræstɪk]

(1). adj. If you have to take drastic action in order to solve a problem, you have to do something extreme and basic to solve it.

(2). adj. A drastic change is a very great change.

What forms of life are able to make such a drastic change in lifestyle?

29. blush [blʌʃ]

(1). v. When you blush, your face becomes redder than usual because you are shamed or embarrassed.

(2). phrase. If you spare someone's blushes or save someone's blushes,  you avoid doing or saying something that will embarrass them.

She blushed furiously at the memory of the conversation.

The kid turned away to hide for blushes.

30. pensive [ˈpensɪv]

adj. If you are pensive, you are thinking deeply about something, especially something that worries you slightly.

There was a pensive look on her face.

31. narrate [nəˈreɪt]

(1). v. If you narrate a story, you tell it from your own point of view.

(2). v. The person who narrates a film or programme speaks the words which accompany the pictures, but does not appear in it.

The passage is organized by narrating a story about excellent teachers.

32. accredit [əˈkredɪt]

(1). v. If an educational qualification or institution is accredited, it is officially declared to be of an approved standard.

(2). v. If someone such as a diplomat or journalist is accredited to a particular job or place, they are officially recognized as having that job,  or the right to be in that place.

The dean in our department will accredit you as his assistant soon.

33. puddle [ˈpʌdl]

n. A puddle is a small, shallow pool of liquid that has spread on the ground.

You can't tell how deep a puddle is until you step into it.

34. concomitant [kənˈkɒmɪtənt] 

(1). adj. Concomitant is used to describe something that happens at the same time as another thing and is connected with it.

(2). n. A concomitant of something is another thing that happens at the same time and is connected with it.

However, little is known about the occurrence and prevalence of concomitant infections of the two diseases in mosquito and human populations in these areas.

整理自《柯林斯词典》、《新东方托福词汇》，侵删歉。