random access procedure 38. 213 8.1学习摘要

random access procedure 学习笔记

---

前言

本文摘抄了3GPP TS38.213 的8.1节 随机接入 (random access) 的过程，并在文中加入本章提到的其他spec中的内容，例如TS 38.331中的RRC configuration等，目的是为了放在一起比较，方便查看。同时标识出来R16、R17相对于默认的R15新加入的内容，方便了解3GPP标准的演进。

---

一、Prior to the initiation of physical random access procedure

Layer 1 (UE)

• Receives from higher layers a set of SS/PBCH block (SSB) index
• Provides to higher layers a corresponding set of RSRP measurements
• [R16 and above]: May receive from higher layers an indication to perform Type-1 random access procedure (legacy 4-step) or a Type-2 (2-step) random access procedure
• Receives the following information from the higher layers:
  • Configuration of PRACH transmission parameters
    • PRACH preamble format, time resource, and frequency resources for PRACH transmission
  • Parameters for determining the root sequences and their cyclic shifts in the PRACH preamble sequence set
    • index to logical root sequence table, cyclic shift ($N_{cs}$), and set type (unrestricted, restricted set A, or restricted set B)

From the physical layer perspective, the Type-1 L1 random access procedure [4-step] includes the transmission of random access preamble (Msg1) in a PRACH, RAR message with PDCCH/PDSCH (Msg2), and when applicable, the transmission of a PUSCH scheduled by a RAR UL grant, and PDSCH for contention resolution.

[R16 and above]: From the physical layer perspective, the Type-2 L1 random access procedure [2-step] includes the transmission of random access preamble in a PRACH and of a PUSCH (MsgA) and the reception of a RAR message with a PDCCH/PDSCH (MsgB), when applicable, the transmission of a PUSCH scheduled by a fallback RAR UL grant, and PDSCH for contention resolution
[待添加一个random access 的示意图]
If a random access procedure is initiated by a PDCCH order to the UE, a PRACH transmission is with a same SCS as a PRACH transmission initiated by higher layers.

[? a random access procedure that is not initiated by a PDCCH order that triggers a contention-free random access procedure); chapter 7.4 physical random access channel in TS 32.213; chapter 5.1 random access procedure in TS38.321]

If a UE is configured with two UL carriers for a serving cell and the UE detects a PDCCH order, the UE uses the UL/SUL indicator field value from the detected PDCCH order to determine the UL carrier for the corresponding PRACH transmission

分割线
个人总结：
random access procedure开始之前：
已知：

• A set of SSB indexes (related to random access procedure type)
• Type-1 or type-2
• A configuration for PRACH transmission OR a PRACH configuration index¹
  • PRACH preamble format²
  • Time resources, and frequency resources for PRACH transmission
• Parameters for determining the root sequence³ and their cyclic shifts⁴ in the PRACH preamble sequence set
  • A logic index to the root sequence table
  • A preamble SCS
    • if SCS = 1.25/5kHz
      • unrestricted, restricted set A, or restricted set B
  • sequence length $L_{RA}$
  • $P_{PRACH,target}$
  • a corresponding RA-RNTI
    分割线

A PRACH is transmitted using the selected PRACH format with transmission power $P_{PRACH,b,f,c}(i)$ on the indicated PRACH resource.
- BWP $b$ of carrier $f$ of serving cell $c$
- P P R A C H , b , f , c ( i ) = m i n { P C M A X , f , c ( i ) , P P R A C H , t a r g e t , b , f , c ( i ) + P L b , f , c } P_{PRACH,b,f,c}(i) = min \{ P_{CMAX,f,c}(i), P_{PRACH,target,b,f,c}(i) + PL_{b,f,c}\} PPRACH,b,f,c​(i)=min{PCMAX,f,c​(i),PPRACH,target,b,f,c​(i)+PLb,f,c​} [dBm]
- More definitions related to the power can be referred to 7.4 in 38.213

二、Random access preamble

physical random access procedure is triggered upon request of a PRACH transmission by higher layers or by a PDCCH order.

1.PRACH triggered by higher layers

A configuration by higher layers for a PRACH transmission includes:

• A configuration for PRACH transmission [chapter 6.3.3 in TS 38.211]
• A preamble index, a preamble SCS, $P_{PRACH,target}$, a corresponding RA-RNTI, and a PRACH resource

A PRACH is transmitted using the selected PRACH format with transmission power $P_{PRACH,b,f,c}$, as described in 7.4 in TS 38.213, on the indicated PRACH resource

For type-1 random access procedure, [R16 and above]: Or for Type-2 random access procedure with separate configuration of PRACH occasions from Type 1 random access procedure] a UE is provided with a number ($N$) of SSB indexes⁵ associated with one PRACH occasion (PO) and a number ($R$) of contention based preambles per SSB index per valid PO by ssb-perRACH-OccasionAndCB-PreamblesPerSSB, which is shown in the Figure 1

Figure 1 截图来自TS 38.331 RACH-ConfigCommon  

[TS 38.331]The meaning of this field is twofold: the CHOICE indicates the number of SSBs per RACH occasion $N$; The ENUMERATED part indicates the number of Contention Based preambles per SSB $R$.

• If $N<1$, one SSB is maped to $1/N$ consecutive valid PRACH occasions and $R$ contention based preambles with consecutive indexes associated with the SSB index per valid PO start from preamble index 0.
• If $N\ge 1$, $R$ contention based preambles with consecutive indexes associated with SSB index $n$, $0\le n<N-1$, per valid PO start from preamble index $n\cdot N_{preamble}^{total}/N$, where $N_{preamble}^{total}$ is provided by totalNumberOfRA-Preambles (可在Figure 1 中找到) for Type-1 random access procedure [R16 and above]: or by msgA-TotalNumberOfRA-Preambles for Type-2 random access procedure with separate configuration of PRACH occasions from a Type 1 random access procedurem ], and is an integer multiple of N.

[R16 and above]: For type-2 random access procedure … (later)

SS/PBCH block indexes provided by ssb-PositionsInBurst in SIB1 or in ServingCellConfigCommon are mapped to valid PRACH occasions in the following order where the parameters are described in TS 38.211

1. in the increasing order of preamble indexes within a single PRACH occasion
2. in increasing order of frequency resource indexes for frequency multiplexed PRACH occasions
3. in increasing order of time resource indexes for time multiplexed PRACH occasions within a PRACH slot
4. in increasing order of indexes for PRACH slots

Figure 2 截图来自TS 38.331 ServingCellConfigCommon  

[R15 TS 38.331] The ssb-PositionsInBurst indicates the time domain positions of the transmitted SS-blocks in an SS-burst [as defined in 38.213, section 4.1] . The first/ leftmost bit corresponds to SS/PBCH block index 0, the second bit corresponds to SS/PBCH block index 1, and so on. Value 0 in the bitmap indicates that the corresponding SS/PBCH block is not transmitted while value 1 indicates that the corresponding SS/PBCH block is transmitted. The network configures the same pattern in this field as in the corresponding field in ServingCellConfigCommonSIB.

Figure 3 截图来自TS 38.331 ServingCellConfigCommonSIB  

An association period, starting from frame 0, for mapping SSB indexes to PO is the smallest value in the set determined by the PRACH configuration period according to Table 8.1-1 such that $N_{Tx}^{SSB}$ SSB indexes are mapped at least once to the PO within the association period , where a UE obtains $N_{Tx}^{SSB}$ from the value of ssb-PositionsInBurst in SIB1 or in ServingCellConfigCommon. If after an integer number of SSB indexes to PO mapping cycles within the association period there is a set of POs or PRACH preambles that not mapped to $N_{Tx}^{SSB}$ SSB indexes, no SSB indexes are mapped to the set of POs or PRACH preambles.

An association pattern period includes one or more association periods and is determined so that a pattern between POs and SSB indexes repeats at most every 160msec. POs not associated with SSB indexes after an integer number of association periods, if any, are not used for PRACH transmissions.

Figure 4 截图来自TS 38.213 8.1  

[R16 and above] For a PRACH transmission triggered by higher layers, if ssb-ResourceList is provided, the PRACH mask index is indicated by ra-ssb-OccasionMaskIndex which indicates the PRACH occasions for the PRACH transmission where the PRACH occasions are associated with the selected SSB index.

[R16 and above] For a PRACH transmission triggered upon request by higher layers, a value of ra-OccasionList, if csirs-ResourceList is provided, indicates a list of PRACH occasions for the PRACH transmission where the PRACH occasions are associated with the selected CSI-RS index indicated by csi-RS. The indexing of the PRACH occasions indicated by ra-OccasionList is reset per association pattern period.

Figure 截图来自TS 38.331 RACH-ConfigDedicated  

[TS 38.331] RA occasions that the UE shall use when performing CF-RA upon selecting the candidate beam identified by this CSI-RS. The network ensures that the RA occasion indexes provided herein are also configured by prach-ConfigurationIndex and msg1-FDM. Each RACH occasion is sequentially numbered, first, in increasing order of frequency resource indexes for frequency multiplexed PRACH occasions; second, in increasing order of time resource indexes for time multiplexed PRACH occasions within a PRACH slot and Third, in increasing order of indexes for PRACH slots

2.PRACH triggered by a PDCCH order

For a PRACH transmission by a UE triggered by a PDCCH order, the PRACH mask index field, if the value of the random access preamble index field [clause 7.3.1.2.1 in TS 38.212] is not zero, indicates the PRACH occasion for the PRACH transmission where the PRACH occasions are associated with the SSB index indicated by the SSB index field of the PDCCH order.

Figure 5 截图来自TS 38.213 7.3.1.2.1  

[R17] If the UE is provided $K_{cell,offset}$ by $K_{offset}$ in ServingCellConfigCommon, the PRACH occasions is after slot $n+2^{\mu }\cdot K_{cell,offset}$ where $n$ is the slot of the UL BWP for the PRACH transmission that overlaps with the end of the PDCH order reception assuming $T_{TA}=0$, and $\mu$ is the SCS configuration for the PRACH transmission.

[R17] If the PDCCH reception for the PDCCH order includes two PDCCH candidates from two linked search space sets based on searchSpaceLinking, as described in clause 10.1 in TS 38.213, the last symbol of the PDCCH reception is the last symbol of the PDCCH candidate that ends later. The PDCCH reception includes the two PDCCH candidates also when the UE is not required to monitor one of the two PDCCH candidates as described in clauses 10, 11.1 and 11.1.1 in TS 38.213.

The PRACH occasions are mapped consecutively per corresponding SSB index. The indexing of the PRACH occasion indicated by the mask index value is reset per mapping cycle of consecutive PRACH occasions per SSB index. The UE selects for a PRACH transmission the PRACH occasion indicated by PRACH mask index value for the indicated SSB index in the first available mapping cycle.

For the indicated preamble index, the ordering of the PRACH occasions is:

• in increasing order of frequency resource indexes for frequency multiplexed PRACH occasions
• in increasing order of time resource indexes for time multiplexed PRACH occasions within a PRACH slot
• in increasing order of indexes for PRACH slots

For paired spectrum (FDD) or supplementary uplink band all PRACH occasions are valid.
For unpaired spectrum (TDD)

• if a UE is not provided tdd-UL-DL-ConfigurationCommon [defined in TS 38.213 11.1], a PRACH occasion in a PRACH slot is valid if it does not precede a SSB in the PRACH slot and start at least $N_{gap}$ symbols after a last SSB reception symbol, where $N_{gap}$ is provided in Table 8.1-2 and, [R17] if channelAccessMode = semistatic is provided, does not overlap with a set of consecutive symbols before the start of a next channel occupancy time where the UE does not transmit [TS 37.213?]
  • [R16 and above] the candidate SSB index of the SSB corresponds to the SSB index provided by ssb-PositionInBust in SIB1 or in ServingCellConfigCommon, as described in clause 4.1 in TS38.213
• if a UE is provided tdd-UL-DL-ConfigurationCommon, a PRACH occasion in a PRACH slot is valid if
  • it is within UL symbols, or
  • it does not precede a SSB in the PRACH slot and starts at least $N_{gap}$ symbols after a last downlink symbol and at least $N_{gap}$ after a last SSB transmission symbol, where $N_{gap}$ is provided by Table 8.1-2. [R16 and above] and if ChannelAccessType-r16 = semistatic is provided, does not overlap with a set of consecutive symbols before the start of a next channel occupancy time where there shall not be any transmissions, as described in [TS 37.213]
    • [R16 and above] the candidate SSB index of the SSB corresponds to the SSB index provided by ssb-PositionInBust in SIB1 or in ServingCellConfigCommon, as described in clause 4.1 in TS38.213

For preamble format B4 [TS 38.211], $N_{gap}=0$.

Figure 截图来自 R17 TS 38.213 8.1  

If a random access procedure is initiated by a PDCCH order, the UE, if requested by higher layers, transmits a PRACH in the selected PRACH occasion, as described in [TS 38.321 clause 5.1], for which a time between the last symbol of the PDCCH order reception and the first symbol of the PRACH transmission is larger than or equal to $N_{T,2}+{\Delta }_{BWPSwitching}+{\Delta }_{Delay}+T_{switch}$, where

• $N_{T,2}$ is a time duration of $N_2$ symbols corresponding to a PUSCH preparation time for UE processing capability 1 [TS 38.214] assuming $\mu$ corresponds to the smallest SCS configuration between the SCS configuration of the PDCCH order and the SCS configuration of the corresponding PRACH transmission
• ${\Delta }_{BWPSwitching}=0$ if the active UL BWP does not change and ${\Delta }_{BWPSwitching}$ is defined in [TS 38.133 clause 8.2.6] otherwise.
  
• ${\Delta }_{Delay}=0.5msec$ for FR 1 and ${\Delta }_{Delay}=0.25$ msec for FR2
• [R17] $T_{switch}$ is a switching gap duration as defined in [TS 38.214 clause 6.1.6]

For a PRACH transmission using 1.25kHz or 5kHz SCS, the UE determines $N_2$ assuming SCS configuration $\mu =0$

For single cell operation or for operation with carrier aggregation in a same frequency band, a UE does not transmit PRACH and PUSCH/PUCCH/SRS in a same slot or when a gap between the first or last symbol of a PRACH transmission in a first slot is separated by less than N symbols from the last or first symbol, respectively, of a PUSCH/PUCCH/SRS transmission in a second slot where the relationship between N and $\mu$ is shown in table below.

gap N (symbols)	the SCS configuration for the active UL BWP $\mu$
2	0 or 1
4	2 or 3
16	5
32	6

[R17] For a PUSCH transmission with repetition Type B, this applies to each actual repetition for PUSCH transmissions.

---

1. Table 6.3.3.2-2 to 6.3.3.4 in Clause 6.3.3.2 mapping to physical resource in 38.211 ↩︎

2. Table 6.3.3.1-1 to Table 6.3.3.1-2 in Clause 6.3.3.1 sequence generation in 38.211 ↩︎

3. Table 6.3.3.1-3 to Table 6.3.3.1-4B in 38.211 ↩︎

4. Table 6.3.3.1-5 to Table 6.3.3.1-7 in 38.211 ↩︎

5. SSB indexes is newly defined in R16 ↩︎