PRACH, preamble, RO 的关系与区别

Random access procedure:

Type-1 random access procedure 示意图

PRACH: physical random access channel
PRACH transmission， 用于承载Msg1/preamble的信道，类似于PUSCH/PDSCH transmission

preamble/ PRACH preamble/ random access preamble/Msg1
中文意思： 接入前缀
他是在PRACH上传输的信息，类似于reference signal，有固定的format，种类繁多，复杂

RO: PRACH occasion or PRACH transmission occasion
Time resources, and frequency resources for PRACH/preamble transmission

e.g. $n_{RA}$ is the PRACH transmission occasion index in frequency domain for a given PRACH transmission occasion in one time instance

e.g. $n_t^{RA}$ is the PRACH transmission occasion within the PRACH slot

e.g. the PRACH preamble is transmitted in the PRACH transmission occasion ¹

e.g. There are 64 preambles defined in each time-frequency
PRACH occasion².

e.g. $N_t^{RA,slot}$, number of time-domain PRACH occasions within a PRACH slot³

Time domain PRACH occasion

• The time instance of a PRACH occasion
• There may be multiple frequency-multiplexed PRACH occasions on the same time-domain PRACH occasion
• There may be 1 or more time domain RACH occasions within a RACH slot

PRACH slot

• One slot in the PRACH numerology (SCS)
• A PRACH slot may contain one or more time domain PRACH occasions

RAPID: random access preamble identity
RAPID in RAR messages(s) (Msg2)
e.g. The higher layers parse the transport block for a random access preamble identity (RAPID) associated with the PRACH transmission
e.g. If the higher layers identify the RAPID in RAR message(s) of the transport block, the higher layers indicate an uplink grant to the physical layer

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1. Clause 5.3.2 OFDM basedband signal generation for PRACH in 38.211 ↩︎

2. Clause 6.3.3.1 sequence generation in 38.211 ↩︎

3. Table 6.3.3.2-2 to 6.3.3.4 in Clause 6.3.3 Physical random-access channel in 38.211 ↩︎