发送端
import time
import socket
# 组播组IP和端口
mcast_group_ip = '239.0.0.1'
mcast_group_port = 123456
def sender():
# 建立发送socket,和正常UDP数据包没区别
send_sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM, socket.IPPROTO_UDP)
# 每十秒发送一遍消息
while True:
message = "this message send via mcast !"
# 发送写法和正常UDP数据包的还是完全没区别
# 猜测只可能是网卡自己在识别到目的ip是组播地址后,自动将目的mac地址设为多播mac地址
send_sock.sendto(message.encode(), (mcast_group_ip, mcast_group_port))
print(f'{time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", time.localtime())}: message send finish')
time.sleep(2)
if __name__ == "__main__":
sender()
接收端
import struct
import time
import socket
# 组播组IP和端口
mcast_group_ip = '239.0.0.1'
mcast_group_port = 123456
def receiver():
# 建立接收socket,和正常UDP数据包没区别
sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM, socket.IPPROTO_UDP)
# 获取本地IP地址
local_ip = socket.gethostbyname(socket.gethostname())
# 监听端口,已测试过其实可以直接bind 0.0.0.0;但注意不要bind 127.0.0.1不然其他机器发的组播包就收不到了
sock.bind((local_ip, mcast_group_port))
# 加入组播组
#=表示本机字节顺序,标准大小,没有对齐.4s表示"四个字母的字符串"(四个字符串连接成一个字节
#串),l表示"签名长",在这种情况下是一个四字节的int.
#至于其余的代码,这是设置一个绑定到端口4242的多播udp监听mreq器.这个结构(C代码):
mreq = struct.pack("=4sl", socket.inet_aton(mcast_group_ip), socket.INADDR_ANY)
sock.setsockopt(socket.IPPROTO_IP,socket.IP_ADD_MEMBERSHIP,mreq)
# 允许端口复用,看到很多教程都有没想清楚意义是什么,我这里直接注释掉
# sock.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
# 设置非阻塞,看到很多教程都有也没想清楚有什么用,我这里直接注释掉
# sock.setblocking(0)
while True:
try:
message, addr = sock.recvfrom(1024)
print(f'{time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", time.localtime())}: Receive data from {addr}: {message.decode()}')
except :
print("while receive message error occur")
if __name__ == "__main__":
receiver()
问题:
UnicodeDecodeError: 'utf-8' codec can't decode bytes in position 0-1: invalid continuation byte
解决办法:
print( f'{time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", time.localtime())}: Receive data from {addr}: {str(message)}')