【高并发系列】11、允许多个线程同时访问 - 信号量 Semaphore

构造方法

Semaphore(int permits)
Semaphore(int permits, boolean fair)

信号量主要逻辑方法如下：

public void acquire() throws InterruptedException
public void acquireUninterruptibly()
public boolean tryAcquire()
public boolean tryAcquire(long timeout, TimeUnit unit) throws InterruptedException
public void release()

• acquire()方法尝试获得一个准入的许可；若无法获得，则线程会等待，直到有线程释放一个许可或者当前线程被中断；
• acquireUninterruptibly()方法和acquire()方法类似，只是不响应中断；
• tryAcquire()方法尝试获得一个许可，如果成功返回true，失败返回false，不会进行等待，立即返回；
• release()方法用于在线程访问资源结束后释放一个许可，以使其他等待许可的线程可以进行资源访问；

public class SemaphoreDemo implements Runnable {
	private final Semaphore semaphore = new Semaphore(5);
	@Override
	public void run() {
		try {
			semaphore.acquire();
			TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(2);
			System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ":done!");
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			semaphore.release();
		}
	}
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		ExecutorService exec = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(20);
		final SemaphoreDemo sd = new SemaphoreDemo();
		for(int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
			exec.submit(sd);
		}
	}
}

声明了一个包含5个许可的信号量，同时可以有5个线程进入临界区；

输出以5个线程一组为单位，依次打印信息；

pool-1-thread-3:done!
pool-1-thread-1:done!
pool-1-thread-2:done!
pool-1-thread-4:done!
pool-1-thread-5:done!
pool-1-thread-6:done!
pool-1-thread-9:done!
pool-1-thread-8:done!
pool-1-thread-7:done!
pool-1-thread-10:done!
pool-1-thread-12:done!
pool-1-thread-15:done!
pool-1-thread-14:done!
pool-1-thread-11:done!
pool-1-thread-13:done!
pool-1-thread-17:done!
pool-1-thread-18:done!
pool-1-thread-16:done!
pool-1-thread-19:done!
pool-1-thread-20:done!